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HEALTH
Quarter 4-Module 4
Gateway Drugs (Cigarettes
and Alcohol)
About the Module

This module was designed and written with you, students, in mind. It is here to help you
understand more about gateway drugs. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the Most Essential Learning Competencies
(MELCs) released by the Department of Education (DepEd) for this school year 2020 – 2021.
Lesson 1 – Gateway Drugs (Cigarettes and Alcohol)

What I Know

Instructions: Answer the questions below by writing the letter of the correct answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Which drugs open doors for non-drug users to try and experiment on more
dangerous drugs?
A. Depressant B. Gateway C. Narcotics D. Stimulant
2 Which deadly chemicals are found in a cigarette smoke?
A. Acetone B. Benzene C. Nicotine D. Tar
3. What do you call the smoke that comes out of the filtered end of a cigarette and
directly inhaled by smokers?
A. Mainstream B. Secondhand C. Thirdhand D. Tobacco
4. Where does cigarette and other products come from?

A. Cannabis sativa C. Papaver somniferous

B. Nicotiana tabacum D. None of the above
5. What do you call that tall, leafy plant, originally grown in South and Central
America, but now cultivated throughout the world?

A. Cigarette B.Tobacco C. Nicotiana tabacum D. none of the above

6. What chemicals found in cigarette smoke when inhaled make body cells produce
abnormal and malignant cells which most often result in death?
A. Carcinogens B. Elements C. Hydrogens D. Toxins
7. The following are health risks of smoking EXCEPT.
A. Cancer B. Heart attacks C. Healthier body D. Birth miscarriage

8. Which statement is NOT TRUE about cigarette smoking?

A. It can lead to heart and lung diseases.

B. Cancer is only one of the many serious hazards of smoking.
C. Smoking relaxes the body and thus, has an anti-aging effect.
D. Dangerous smoke residue can stay on sofa and bed sheets for a long time

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9. What smoke which can also cause changes in a passive smoker’s blood, making
blood platelets stickier, adding friction to the blood vessels causing damages to its
lining and thus causes an increase in heart rate and performance?
A. Mainstream B. Secondhand C. Thirdhand D. Tobacco
10. What smoke is left for a long time on sofa, beddings, pillow, and other objects
which settles along with dust and can last for months?
A. Mainstream B. Secondhand C. Thirdhand D. Tobacco
11. How much blood alcohol concentration has the effects of feeling of wellbeing,
talkative, relaxed and more confident?
A. BAC of up to 0.05 C. BAC of 0.08 to 0.15
B. BAC of 0.05 to 0.08 D. BAC of 0.15 to 0.30

12. The following are the results of drinking too much alcohol EXCEPT;

A. Hangovers C. Strength and energy

B. Alcohol poisoning D. Accidental injury (to yourself or others)

13. What is the effect of Blood Alcohol Concentration of over 0.30?

A. Coma that results to death C. loss of bladder control

B. memory loss D. impaired judgement and movement

14. What happens to the person when he is in substance abuse?

A. He can have a family support.

B. His/her confidence is boosted.
C. The person can gain lots of friends.
D. He may become dependent or addicted to alcohol.

15. These are the different health issues of alcohol EXCEPT

A. Heart broken
B. Heart attacks
C. High blood pressure
D. Cirrhosis of the liver and liver failure

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Lesson

1 Gateway Drugs

What I Need to Know

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

• discuss gateway drugs;
• analyze the negative health impact of cigarette smoking and alcohol

What’s In?

Activity 1.1: Nakasabot Na Ko

Instructions: Check / if it is a Disease Prevention and Control Bureau and mark X if it is not.

1. Occupational Diseases Division (ODD)

2. Infectious Diseases for Elimination Division
3. Environmental-Related Diseases Division (ERDD)
4. Essential Non-Communicable Diseases Division (ENCDD)
5. Infectious Diseases for Prevention and Control Division (IDPCD)

What’s New & What Is It

Gateway Drugs

The term “Gateway Drug” is used to describe any drug

Image #1
https://tinyurl.com/een2kazy
that a non-drug user might try out. Cigarettes and alcohol are
“gateway drugs”. Gateway drugs are legal drugs that are readily
accessible. People who abuse more dangerous drugs such as
marijuana and shabu often start from cigarette smoking and
drinking alcohol. Since cigarettes and alcohol are readily
available and generally accepted in our society, many people use
them for various purposes. Teenagers are especially vulnerable
because they are curious and risk-takers.

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 According to the study done by the National Youth Commission (NYC), 2 out of 5
Filipino teenagers aged 13 to 15 years old, smoke cigarettes (philstar.com, March 16, 2012).
Across the world, every six seconds, someone dies from using tobacco. Tobacco
kills up to half of its users and it kills nearly six million people each year. (WHO Philippines,
10 July 2017)

Cigarette Smoking

Tobacco is a tall, leafy plant, originally grown in South and

Central America, but now cultivated throughout the world.
There are many species of tobacco but “Nicotiana tabacum”
or sometimes called “common tobacco” is preferred for
producing present day cigarettes.

Image # 2
https://tinyurl.com/2yec3ksn

Each time a person puffs a cigarette or chew tobacco, more than 4,000 chemicals
come into his/her contact. All of these chemicals harm people one way or another. In studies
conducted, 43 of these chemicals are known carcinogens. Carcinogens are substances which
cause cancer. Nicotine, the addictive drug found in tobacco products like cigarettes is a
poisonous stimulant. A stimulant drug increases the central nervous system (CNS) activity.
The central nervous system controls all body organs like the heart, lungs, brain and processes
like heart rate, blood pressure rate, respiration rate, and more. Every time a cigarette is lit,
smoke is emitted.

Three smokes produced by cigarette smoking

1. Mainstream Smoke - refers specifically to the smoke that a
smoker directly inhales.
2. Sidestream Smoke – the smoke that comes out of the lighted
end of a cigarette or pipe. This is also called “second-hand smoke
(SHS) or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). This is more
dangerous than mainstream smoke because it is not filtered and is
easily absorbed by body cells. It also contains more carcinogens.

Image # 3 3. Thirdhand Smoke – smoke left for a long time on sofa, beddings,
https://tinyurl.com/294s
5e8b pillow and other objects. This smoke also called “residual tobacco
smoke (RTS)” settles along with dust and can last for months. This
smoke still contains harmful chemicals and

The “Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)” classifies secondhand smoke as a

Group A carcinogen. This means that cigarette smoke has substances known to cause cancer
to humans. Short exposures to secondhand smoke can also cause changes in a passive
smoker's blood, making blood platelets stickier, adding friction to the blood vessels causing
damages to its lining and thus causes an increase in heart rate and performance
(www.epa.gov)
(Adapted from Department of Education Learning Module Health 8, 2013)
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 Short-term effects of Alcohol

Drinking alcohol can affect your body straight away. A healthy person is likely to
experience the following:

BAC of up to 0.05:

➢ feeling of wellbeing
➢ talkative, relaxed and more confident

BAC of up to 0.05:

➢ feeling of wellbeing
➢ talkative, relaxed and more confident

BAC of 0.05 to 0.08:

➢ impaired judgement and movement

➢ reduced inhibitions

BAC of 0.08 to 0.15:

➢ slurred speech
➢ impaired balance, coordination, vision and
reflexes
➢ unstable emotions
➢ nausea and vomiting

BAC of 0.15 to 0.30:

➢ unable to walk without help

➢ sleepy
➢ difficulty breathing
➢ memory loss
➢ loss of bladder control
➢ possible loss of consciousness

BAC of over 0.30:

➢ coma
➢ death

Drinking too much alcohol can also lead to:

accidental injury (to yourself or others)

being in a road accident
deliberately harming yourself or others
unprotected or unwanted sex
alcohol poisoning
hangovers

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 Long-term effects of alcohol consumption

mental health issues such as increased risk of suicide

substance abuse — you may become dependent or addicted to alcohol, especially if
you have depression or anxiety, or a family history of alcohol dependence
increased risk of diabetes and weight gain
impotence and other problems with sexual performance
cancers such as stomach cancer, bowel cancer, breast cancer, mouth cancer, throat
cancer, esophageal cancer and liver cancer
fertility issues such as reduced sperm count and reduced testosterone levels in men
brain damage and brain-related conditions such as stroke and dementia
heart issues such as high blood pressure, heart damage and heart attacks
cirrhosis of the liver and liver failure

If you’re pregnant, or planning a pregnancy, you should not drink alcohol. If you are
breastfeeding, not drinking alcohol is safest for your baby. Drinking any amount of alcohol can
harm your fetus (unborn baby) or baby.

(Adapted from Commonwealth of Australia | Department of Health)

What I Have Learned

Cigarette damage the lungs Alcohol damage the liver

Image # 5 Image # 6
https://tinyurl.com/2wvb75x7 https://tinyurl.com/2rj729mt

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 What I Can Do?

Activity 1. 3 Akong Kahibaw Isangyaw Ko Kaninyo

Instructions: Inform your family about the topic and the activity that you are going to do for
lesson 1.

Option 1(for digital and online): Take a short video (about 2-3 minutes) of yourself discussing
gateway drugs to your family as well as the negative health impact of cigarette smoking and
alcohol using the six points found below. Let your family members participate in the discussion
most especially your parents or guardians.

Option 2 (for modular printed): Discuss and answer with your parents/guardians the questions
below. After the discussion let your parents/guardians sign your answers and let them rate
your performance. Copy the rubrics for your parent’s rating guide.

Here are the points that you will discuss and should be seen and heard in your video:

1. What are gateway drugs?

2. How many chemicals are there every time a smoker puff the smoke?
3. What is nicotine?
4. What are the three types of smoke and its danger to the smoker and to the people
surrounding him?
5. What are the short -term effects of alcohol according to the blood alcohol
concentration? (you can discuss to them at least one effect for each BAC)
6. What are the long- term effects of alcohol? (you can discuss at least three that struck
you most)

Rubrics for Activity for 1.3 Akong Kahibaw Isangyaw Ko Kaninyo

Criteria
Discussion shows clear ideas
All points for discussion is shown
Signature/family participation is evident
Total
Fully Evident Needs More Information
5 2-4
5 2-4
5 2-4
15/15 6-12/15

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 Assessment

Instructions: Answer the questions below by writing the letter of the correct answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. The following are health risks of smoking EXCEPT.

A. Cancer B. Heart attacks C. Healthier body D. Birth miscarriage
2. Where does cigarette and other products come from?
A. Cannabis sativa C. Papaver somniferous
B. Nicotiana tabacum D. None of the above
3. Which deadly chemicals are found in a cigarette smoke?

A. Acetone B. Benzene C. Nicotine D. Tar

4. Which statement is NOT TRUE about cigarette smoking?

A. It can lead to heart and lung diseases.

B. Cancer is only one of the many serious hazards of smoking.
C. Smoking relaxes the body and thus, has an anti-aging effect.
D. Dangerous smoke residue can stay on sofa and bed sheets for a long time
5. These are the different health issues of alcohol EXCEPT
A. Heart broken
B. Heart attacks
C. High blood pressure
D. Cirrhosis of the liver and liver failure
6. What happens to the person when he is in substance abuse?
A. He can have a family support.
B. His/her confidence is boosted.
C. The person can gain lots of friends.
D. He may become dependent or addicted to alcohol.
7. What is the effect of Blood Alcohol Concentration of over 0.30?
A. coma that results to death C. loss of bladder control
B. memory loss D. impaired judgement and movement
8. Which drugs open doors for non-drug users to try and experiment on more
dangerous drugs?
A. Depressant B. Gateway C. Narcotics D. Stimulant
9. What do you call the smoke that comes out of the filtered end of a cigarette and
directly inhaled by smokers?
A. Mainstream B. Secondhand C. Thirdhand D. Tobacco
______10. How much blood alcohol concentration has the effects of feeling of wellbeing,
talkative, relaxed and more confident?
A. BAC of up to 0.05 C. BAC of 0.08 to 0.15
B. BAC of 0.05 to 0.08 D. BAC of 0.15 to 0.30

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 11. What do you call that tall, leafy plant, originally grown in South and Central
America, but now cultivated throughout the world?
A. Cigarette B. Tobacco C. Nicotiana tabacum D. none of the above

______12. What chemicals found in cigarette smoke when inhaled make body cells
produce abnormal and malignant cells which most often result in death?
A. Carcinogens B. Elements C. Hydrogens D. Toxins
13. What do you call the smoke that comes out of the filtered end of a cigarette
and directly inhaled by smokers?
A. Mainstream B. Secondhand C. Thirdhand D. Tobacco
______14. What smoke is left for a long time on sofa, beddings, pillow, and other objects
which settles along with dust and can last for months?
A. Mainstream B. Secondhand C. Thirdhand D. Tobacco
15. What smoke which can also cause changes in a passive smoker’s blood, making
blood platelets stickier, adding friction to the blood vessels causing damages to its
lining and thus causes an increase in heart rate and performance?
A. Mainstream B. Secondhand C. Thirdhand D. Tobacco

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Answer Key

Activity 1.1 Activity 1.2

1. / 1. False

2. / 2. True

3. / 3. False

4. / 4. True

5. / 5. False

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References
Text Book
Anido, M., et.al. (2013). Physical Education and Health of Asia Learner’s Module Book. Media
Press Inc. 21-E Boni Serrano Ave. QC joined with Printwell, Inc. 38 Dansalan St.,
Mandaluyong City,pp. 51-84
Suplimental Reference
Adapted on 5/16/21 from the https://tinyurl.com/yeh49cu8WHO Philippines Marks World No
Tobacco Day “Increased tobacco tax = decreased tobacco death”

Adapted on 5/16/21 from https://www.health.gov.au/health-topics/alcohol/about-

alcohol/what-are-the-effects-of-alcohol#shortterm-effects
Website
Image #1 retrieved on 5/14/21 from https://tinyurl.com/een2kazy
Image #2 retrieved on 5/14/21 from https://tinyurl.com/2yec3ksn
Image #3 retrieved on 5/14/21 from https://nta.da.gov.ph/about_tobacco.html
Image #4 retrieved on 5/16/21 from https://tinyurl.com/2tentb2x
Image #4 retrieved on 5/16/21 from https://www.123rf.com/clipart-vector/alcohol_abuse.html

Congratulations!

You are now ready for the next module. Always remember the following:

1. Make sure every answer sheet has your

▪ Name
▪ Grade and Section
▪ Title of the Activity or Activity No.
2. Follow the date of submission of answer sheets as agreed with your teacher.
3. Keep the modules with you AND return them at the end of the school year or
whenever face-to-face interaction is permitted.

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