PROGRAM STUDI AGRIBISNIS

DEPARTEMEN SOSIAL EKONOMI

FAKULTAS PERTANIAN

MK. SOSIOLOGI PEDESAAN DAN PERTANIAN

ASET KOMUNITAS PEDESAAN

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 Asset Definition

Content
Here
Content
Here
Content
Here Kretzmann and
Content McKnight (1993)
Here community defined assets as the
Content development “gifts, skills and
Here Thus, individuals, framework capacities” of
associations, local . “individuals,
Assets are “a useful institutions, and associations and
or valuable quality, organizations are institutions” (p. 25).
Assets are the stock of person or thing; an useful and valuable The idea that
wealth in a household advantage or within the asset- individuals within a
or other unit resource” based community are assets
(Sherraden1991: 96). (Dictionary.com is important.
. .
 1
ALAM

2
FISIK
ASET
KOMUNITAS 3
SOSIAL

4
MANUSIA

5
FINANSIAL

Natural capital produces nature’s goods
and services, and comprises food (both
farmed and harvested or caught from the
wild), wood and fibre; water supply and
regulation; treatment, assimilation and
decomposition of wastes; nutrient cycling
and fixation; soil formation; biological
control of pests; climate regulation;
wildlife habitats; storm protection and
flood control; carbon sequestration;
pollination; and recreation and leisure.
Aset komunitas
Social capital yields a flow of mutually
beneficial collective action, contributing
to the cohesiveness of people in their
societies. The social assets comprising
social capital include norms, values and
attitudes that predispose people to
cooperate; relations of trust, reciprocity
and obligations; and common rules and
sanctions mutually agreed on or
handed down. These are connected
and structured in networks and groups.
Human capital is the total capability
residing in individuals, based on their
stock of knowledge skills, health and
nutrition. It is enhanced by their
access to services that provide
these, such as schools, medical
services, and adult training. People’s
productivity is increased by their
capacity to interact with productive
technologies and with other people.
Leadership and organisational skills
are particularly important in making
other resources more valuable
SUSTAINABLE
LIVELIHOOD
FRAMEWORK
FIGURE 1: ASSETS-BASED MODEL OF AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS
• The assets-based model described in figure 1 shows how farms and rural
livelihoods take inputs of various types, including renewable assets, and
transform these to produce food and other desirable outputs (pretty and
hine, 2000).
These can be processed for home consumption, transformed through value-
added processes for sale, or sold directly as a raw product. The inputs are
shown as:

And externally induced

Renewable natural Social and participatory
social capital, and Between external
capital – soil, water, air, processes – including
partnerships and organisations;
biodiversity etc; both locally embedded
linkages

Legumes, natural
New technologies, Non-renewable or
enemies) and non-
knowledge and skills – Machinery); fossil-fuel derived
renewable (e.G., Hybrid
both regenerative (e.G., inputs (e.G., Fertilizers,
seeds,

• Finance – credit,
pesticides, antibiotics); remittances, income
from sales and grants.
 Availability and access to these five
inputs is shaped by a wide range of
contextual factors (on the far left of
figure 1). These include unchanging
ones (at least over the short-term), such
as climate, agro-ecology, soils, culture;

LANJUTAN….. and dynamic, economic, social, political

and legal factors shaped by external
institutions and policies. These
contextual factors are an important
entry point for shaping and influencing
agricultural systems (such as national
policies, markets, trade).
 • These five assets are transformed by policies,
processes and institutions to give desirable
outcomes, such as food, jobs, welfare, economic
growth, clean environment, reduced crime, and
better health and schools. Desirable outcomes,
when achieved, feed back to help build up the
assets base, while undesirable effects, such as
pollution or deforestation, or increased crime or
social breakdown, reduce the asset base.

LANJUTAN……
• The basic premise is that sustainable systems,
whether farms, firms, communities, or economies,
accumulate stocks of these five assets, thereby
increasing the per capita endowments of all forms
of capital over time. In contrast, unsustainable
systems deplete or run down these various forms,
spending assets as if they were income, and so
leaving less for future generations.
Capital Assets
The sustainable
livelihoods framework
helps to organize the
factors that constrain or
enhance livelihood
opportunities and shows
how they relate to one
another. A central notion is
that different households
have different
Social capital, e.G., Networks and
connections (patronage,
neighborhoods, kinship), relations
of trust and mutual understanding
and support, formal and informal
groups, shared values and
behaviors, common rules and
sanctions, collective representation,
Human capital, e.G., mechanisms for participation in
Access livelihood assets, Health, nutrition, decision-making, leadership
which the sustainable education, knowledge
livelihood approach aims and skills, capacity to
to expand. The livelihood work, capacity to adapt.
assets, which the poor
must often make trade-offs
and choices about,
comprise:
Capital Assets

Physical capital, e.G.,

Infrastructure (transport, Financial capital,1 e.G.,
roads, vehicles, secure Savings, credit and debt
shelter and buildings, (formal, informal),
water supply and remittances, pensions,
sanitation, energy, wages
communications), tools
Natural capital, e.G.,
and technology (tools and
Land and produce, water
equipment for production,
and aquatic resources,
seed, fertilizer, pesticides,
trees and forest products,
traditional technology)
wildlife, wild foods and
fibers, biodiversity,
environmental services
Sumber: Andrew Dorward,2001
KERANGKA NAFKAH BERKELANJUTAN

Sumber : Anthony Hall and James Medgly,2004. Social Policy for Development.
London, Sage Publication
GAMBAR 1.1. KERANGKA SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD (DI TERJEMAHKAN DARI
DFID 1999, SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS GUIDANCE SHEETS.)
GAMBAR 1.2. KERANGKA ANALISIS PENGHIDUPAN (DI KUTIP DARI
FRANK ELLIS 2000:30)
KERANGKA NAFKAH BERKELANJUTAN

Sumber : Anthony Hall and James Medgly,2004. Social Policy for Development.
London, Sage Publication