THE

CHAPTER 7
CORRECTIONS
COMPONENT
 • PUNISHMENT IS A MEANS OF SOCIAL CONTROL. IT IS
TOOLS TO CAUSE PEOPLE TO COHESIVE AND TO
INDUCE CONFORMITY.
• SOME FORMS OF PUNISHMENTS ARE MORE
EFFECTIVE IN ONE SOCIETY THAN IN OTHER.

HISTORY OF • PUNISHMENT IS THE REDRESS THAT THE STATE

TAKES AGAINST AS OFFENDING MEMBER.
CORRECTIONS • THE PUNISHMENT ALSO VARIES TO THE NATURE OF
THE CRIME COMMITTED AND THE LAW GOVERN
SUCH VIOLATION.
• THE GENERAL CONCEPT OF PUNISHMENT IS THE
INFLICTION OF PAIN ON THE PERSON WHO VIOLATED
THE LAW.
 • FLOGGING – is the whipping of a stick, rope, or a leather to a
person who violates the law.
• MUTILATION – is the cutting of some parts of the offender’s
body
EARLY FORMS • BRANDING – is the marking of person who committed a crime
OF and violated a law. Usually placed on the hand, repeated
violation will result to additional marking that will be placed at
PUNISHMENT the forehead.
• PUBLIC HUMILIATION – is a means of taking vengeance on
the offender by throwing tomatoes or rotten eggs while he/she is
placed on the stocks and pillory.
• EXILE OR BANISHMENT – is sending of prisoners to another
country.
 • PUNGENT POISON – is administered to the offender by
letting him drink the poison to drive away the evil spirit
inside the body.
• GROTESQUE MASK – is used wgile the people are
EARLY FORMS dancing around the person who committed a crime in
OF order to scare out the evil spirit inside the body.
CORRECTION • TREPHINATION METHOD – a piece of very sharp stone
which is used to make a hole on the person’s head to cast
out the evil spirit.
• BASNISHMENT – is a form of punishment, in which the
offender is excluded by the community for him not to
influence the others in commiting crime.
THEORIES
JUSTIFYING
IMPOSITION OF
PENALTY
* PENALTY IS INFLICTED BY THE STATE FOR THE
INFRINGEMENT OR VIOLATION OF THE LAW AS A FORM OF
SUFFERING
* THIS PRACTICE IS JUSTIFIED BY THE FOLLOWING
THEORIES:
• PREVENTION THEORY – the state must punish the criminal to prevent or suppress the danger to the state arising from the criminal acts of the
offender

• SELF-DEFENSE THEORY – the state has the right to punish the criminal as measure of self-defense to protect the society from the threat and wrong
inflicted by the criminal.