“Swacch Bharat Abhiyan : Through the eyes of slum dwellers”

Presentation by- Dr.Shahaji Tidke, Junior Resident

Guide- Dr. Priya Warbhe * Dr.A.K.Jawarkar **

* Associate Professor, ** Professor and Head

Department of Community Medicine

Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Memorial Medical College,Amravati
Introduction

A slum is defined as residential area where dwellings are unfit for

human habitation due to overcrowding, faulty arrangements and
designs of buildings, sanitation facilities or a combination of these
factors which are detrimental to the safety and health.1

Sanitation and hygiene is critical to health, survival and development.

Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Performance Index 2015

developed by the Water Institute at the University of North Carolina,
India was a bottom performer and was ranked 93.2

To accelerate the efforts to achieve universal sanitation coverage,

Swacch Bharat Abhiyan was launched on 2ndOctober 2014 3
Components of SBA

Objectives of the study

• To assess awareness of Swacch Bharat Abhiyan in selected

households of urban slums of Amravati District
• To evaluate the practices of sanitation and hygiene amongst
them.
Study setting Slum at Belpura (Field practising area of UHTC , Dr. PDMMC,
Amravati)
Study design Cross sectional, descriptive
Study duration Two months (May-June 2022)

Sample size 162 ( considering SBA participation as 75.7% 4@95%CI and

@7 % precision with 10% non response)
Sampling Simple random sampling
technique
Inclusion Age 18 years and above, both genders, Residing in slum for at
criteria least one year, willing to participate in study

Data collection A predesigned, prevalidated structured questionnaire , face to

tool face interviewed
Data analysis Data entered and analysed using SPSS ver. 16, Chi square test
was applied to find out association and significance
Analysis and Results- Socio-demographic profile
Study Categories Frequency Percentage
Variables N= 162

Age 18-40 71 43.8

41 & above 91 56.2
Gender Male 90 57.0
Female 72 43.0
Caste Open 46 28.4
OBC 53 32.7
SC 44 27.2
ST 19 11.7
Educational Illiterate 17 10.5
Status Upto 5th class 59 36.4
6th to 10th class 74 45.7
Above 10th class 12 7.4
 Study Variables Categories Frequency Percentage
N= 162

Awareness of Swacch Bharat Abhiyan Yes 115 71

No 47 29
Participation in cleanliness drives Yes 30 18.5
No 132 81.5
Handwashing Habits Soil 10 6.2
Ash 7 4.3
Only water 24 14.8
Soap and water 121 74.7
Toilet at home Yes
141 87
No
21 13
Drinking water disinfection Nothing
49 30.2
Plastic/Cloth
88 54.3
straining
Boiling
11 6.8
Water filters
14 8.6
Awareness Educational status
Of SBA Illiterate Upto Upto Above Total
Primary secondary Secondary

Yes 8(47.1) 35(59) 63(85.1) 9(75) 115(71)

No 9(52.9) 24(40) 11(14.9) 3(25) 47(29)
Total 17(100) 59(100) 74(100) 12(100) 162(100)

(Figures in parenthesis indicate percentage)

Chi Square value- 0.01 , df 3 , p<0.05-Significant
Awareness Handwashing technique
Of SBA Soil & Ash Only water Soap&Water Total

Yes 14 (82.3) 13 (54.1) 88 (72.7) 115(71)

No 3 (17.7) 11 (45.9) 33 (27.3) 47 (29)
Total 17 (100) 24 (100) 121 (100) 162(100)

(Figures in parenthesis indicate percentage)

Chi Square value- 0.042 , df 3 , p<0.05-Significant
 Discussion
Criteria Current Devika et. al. Kishor et. al. Desai et.al.
Study (Jaipur 2020) (Nalgonda 2018) (Thane 2018)

Awareness 71% 95% 62.2% 96.1%

Of SBA
Source of 70% 78% 84.3% Not studied
information
(newspaper)

Hand Hygiene 74.7% 92% 69.81% Not studied

Toilet facility 87% 84% Not studied Not studied

Sanitary 88% 84.4% 34.75% Not studied

waste disposal

Awareness* Significant Not studied Significant Not studied

education
Conclusion

• Awareness of the Swacch Bharat Abhiyan and its objectives

was found in most of the slum dwellers(71%)and their most
common source of information was newspaper, televisions.
• Toilet facilities were available in 87% households.
• Water supply at home was mostly tap/through pipelines
(77%)
• Hand hygiene was followed in 74.7% participants
• Water disinfection techniques were observed in 69% of
people
• About 88% individuals used sanitary garbage disposal
techniques like garbage vans.
• Educational status played a significant role in SBA awareness
• Awareness on SBA played a significant role in hand hygiene
practices
References

1. WASHwatch.org-India, www.washwatch.org, [Accessed on

22nd May 2022]
2. Agrawal Devika, Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Awareness,
perception and practice among Jaipur population, 2020
www.researchgate.net [Accessed on 1st June2022]
3. Jangra B, Majra JP, Singh M, Swachh Bharat Abhiyan:SWOT
Analysis Int J Community Med Public Health 2016;3:3285-90
4. Choudhary M, Gupta H, Swachh Bharat Mission-A step
towards Environmental protection [Accessed on 3rd June2022]
5. Desai S,Roy S, A review of cleanliness mission “Swachh
Bharat Abhiyan” A survey done for Thane IJTSRRD
2018.2(4):2824-30
6. Kishor YJ, Naidu, Study to assess knowledge,perception and
practices regarding SBA among rural people in Telangana.Int J
of Community Med Public Health 2018,5:3399-405
THANK YOU