Chapter 12

Lesson 3

Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion

a.k.a. - Action and Reaction
I. Newton’s 3rd Law
A. Def – to every action, there is an equal
and opposite reaction
1. Forces come in pairs
2. Ex: Firing a gun or cannon

3. How does a swimmer in the pool use

Newton’s 3rd law of Motion?
4. Action-reaction pairs do
not cancel out…they act on
different objects.
Group Problem
1. Explain why jumping from a “john” boat
to a dock is much more difficult than
jumping from a barge to a dock? Explain
using arrows to represent forces. You
may also draw a picture.
II. Momentum
A. Def – the property of a moving object due to its
mass and velocity (speed).
1. Units  kg x m/s
2. Rolling Demo
3. Formula =
momentum (p) = mass (kg) x velocity (m/s)
4. Ex: 2 bumper cars are headed for a collision.
Car #5 is traveling at 1.6 m/s and has a mass
of 120 kg. Car #1 is traveling at 1.09 m/s and
has a mass of 175 kg. Which car will “bump”
the other car back?
 #5 (p = m x v)
120 kg x 1.6 m/s = 192 kg m/s
 #1 (p = m x v)
175 kg x 1.09 m/s = 190.75 kg m/s
B. The Law of Conservation of Momentum
1. Def - all momentum is transferred
between objects.
2. Ex: Tennis Ball and Basketball Demo

3. Ex: Playing pool

4. Ex: Tackling in football
5. Does this make sense? (Assume no
friction)
Cue ball  10 kg x m/s
ball 1  1.55 kg x m/s
ball 2  1.36 kg x m/s
ball 3  2.25 kg x m/s
ball 4  1.14 kg x m/s
ball 5  2.89 kg x m/s
ball 6  0.40 kg x m/s
ball 7  0.41 kg x m/s
12.3 wks (on separate sheet of paper)
1. What is the momentum of an 80 kg runner
moving at a speed of 3.5 m/s?
2. Another runner who has mass of 650,000 g is
running at a speed of 4.2 m/s. What is the
momentum of the runner?
3. If runner #1 collides with runner #2 who will
win the collision?
4. A ball has a momentum of 32 kg x m/s. What is
the mass of the ball if it is traveling at 43 m/s?
5. What is speed of a ball that has a mass of 48
grams and has a momentum of 38 kg x m/s?