Module -3

Sequence And Series

 Sequences
Sequence: A sequence is a function whose domain is the set N of all natural numbers where
as the range may be any set S. In other words, a sequence in a set S is a rule which
assigns to each natural number a sequence element of S.

Convergent and Divergent Sequence:

Convergent Sequence:

Divergent Sequence:
Oscillatory sequence:

LIMIT OF SEQUENCE:

Note:
SERIES:

FINITE SERIES:

INFINITE SERIES:
SOME IMPORTANT LIMITS:

CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE OF SEQUENCE:

LEIBNITZ’S TEST OR ALTERNATING SERIES TEST:
An infinites series in which, the terms are alternately positive and negative is convergent if
each term is numerically less than the preceding term and if
OR
Sol.
Thus all the three condition of Leibnitz test are satisfied. Hence,
the given series is convergent.
COMPARISON TEST FOR POSITIVE TERM SERIES
If the ratio of the corresponding terms of two series, in each of which all the
terms are positive, be always a fixed finite none-zero quantity, then the two
series are convergent or divergent simultaneously.
OR

is a fixed finite none – zero quantity, then both the series will converge or
diverge simultaneously, i.e, the two series are either both convergent or
divergent.
 The infinite series

Q.1. Test the series:

Sol.
Q.2. Test the series :

Sol.
Q.3. Test the convergence of the series:

Sol.
Q.4. Test the series:

Sol.
Q.5. Test the series whose term is
Sol.
CAUCHY’S ROOT TEST OR RADICAL TEST:

Q.6 . Test the series:

Sol.
Q.7. Test the series:
Sol.
D’ ALEMBERT’S TEST OR RATIO TEST:

Remark:
Q.8. Test the series:

Sol.
Q.9. Test the series :

Sol.
Q. 10.Test the series:

Sol.
RAABE’S TEST:

Q.11. Test the convergence of the series:

Sol.
Q.12. Test the convergence of the series:

Sol.
LOGATITHMIC TEST:

Q.13. Test the series:

Sol.