WINE

Desk MANUFACTURING
Rishi Samdani
21215
Research
Dr. D.Y. Patil B-School, Pune
 INTRODUCTION TO WINE

• Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from fermented fruit juice.

• Grape wine is produced by fermenting crushed grapes using
various types of yeast.
• Types of wines
- Red wine
- White wine
• Classification of wines
- Sparkling wine
- Desert wine
- Ice wine
- Fortified wine
- Table wine
• Health benefits
VITICULTURE

Factors which influence grape’s

flavour:
• Climate of the vineyard’s region.
• Drainage around the vines.
• Humidity of the region.
• Sun exposure.
• Soil quality.
HARVESTING

• Grapes are picked up by hand or

mechanically.
• Decision of harvest informed by
level of sugar and acid.
• Weather forecasts
Fermenting

After harvesting, all grapes usually transferred to the winery by

truck for crushing. The pressed juice or “must” was pumped or
gravity flowed into large temperature-controlled concrete, steel,
or oak tanks for fermentation during which natural and/or added
yeast metabolized the grapes’ sugar into ethanol and carbon
dioxide. Fermentation typically lasted one to five weeks. The
production of higher quality wines typically less automated and
in smaller volumes. Lower quality wines made in larger volumes
and more “formula” based. High-end premium producers were
careful to keep grapes from different growers in separate
fermentation tanks for quality control purposes. Jug wine
producers typically used large, common vats for grapes drawn
from several growers.
Aging and Packaging the wine

After crushing and fermentation, wine needs to be stored, filtered, and

properly aged. In some instances, the wine must also be blended with
other alcohol. Many wineries still store wine in damp, subterranean wine
cellars to keep the wine cool, but larger wineries now store wine above
ground in epoxy lined and stainless steel tanks. The tanks are
temperature-controlled by water that circulates inside the lining of the
tank shell. Other similar tanks are used instead of the old redwood and
concrete vats when wine are temporarily stored during the settling
process.

additional fermentation will not occur in the bottle.  Then, corks or screw caps seal
the wine, with an added capsule making this seal more secure. Labelling wine has
become very important in recent years. Eye-catching labels sell wine, regardless of
if it is a good wine or not.  The cover of a book may be beautifully designed, but
not a good book. The same goes for wine, the label on a bottle of wine may be
gorgeous, but the wine may be poorly produced.
 Indian Wine Industry
• India is not traditionally a wine drinking country. Due to earlier period of
prohibition in India and higher price compared to spirits like whisky and brandy
manufactured in the country, the manufacture and consumption of wine in India is
insignificant when compared to other countries.
• The setting up of Champagne Indigo’s plant in 1984 in the state of Maharashtra
marked the manufacture of wine on an organized scale in India. Commercial wine
grape production in India has only been in existence since the 1980s.
• India’s wine market is estimated to be valued at US$150 million, where imported
wine accounts for 30 percent and the rest is catered for domestically. The wine
market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 20 to 25
percent.
• India’s population above drinking age is over 485 million and appears to be
experiencing a shift that is normalizing a drinking culture, especially in the
metropolises. The social and cultural taboo around alcoholic beverages is slowly
dissipating and some beverages, such as wine, is becoming a status symbol among
the upwardly mobile classes.
Custom Duty / Excise Duty:
• The customs duty on wine has been increased from 100% to the maximum permissible
rate of 150%.
• India scrapped additional customs duty on imported liquor, wine, and beer following a
complaint by the European Union and the US in the World Trade Organization. So the
excise duty has been waived on wine.
• The education cess applicable on the imports of wine has been scrapped in 2007.
Local Taxes:
• The Central Government has prescribed a maximum state excise of 25% for wine in
various states.
• In Kerala, the rate of Import fee for imported wine is Rs. 2 per bulk litre.
• Maharashtra has removed excise duty on wine.
• Haryana has reduced the excise duty for wine to Rs.20.50 per proof litre from Rs.32.25
per proof litre. In addition it has reduced the export duty to 50% for the domestic
industry.
Value Added Tax (VAT):
• State of Maharashtra – 20%
• State of Delhi – 20%
• State of Haryana – 20%
• State of Chandigarh – 4%
• State of Karnataka - No VAT
• State of Tamil Nadu - 53%
• State of Kerala – 12.5%
 Consumption of wine in India:
The 'domestic wine consumption touched more than 10 million
litres in 2007, and may go up to 15 million litres for the current
year, from a mere 1 million litres in 2001.
Nearly 80% of the demand for wine centres in the following major
cities of the country - New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Pune
and Bangalore. The consumption pattern is as follows: Mumbai
(39%), Delhi (23%), and Bangalore (9%) Goa (9%), whereas the
rest of India has only 20% consumption.
The overall consumption of wines in India is about 400,000 cases
a year of which 85 % are table wines and the remaining are the
expensive varieties. Out of the 400,000 cases, about 50,000 cases
are imported from various sources.
Today, the consumption per head is roughly 0.0030 litre per
annum.
 Conclusion
o Grape is one of the most important fruit crops of the world and it contains many of the most
valuable elements necessary for life. The crop has a wide adaptability, and grapes can be
grown under temperate, sub-tropical and tropical climatic conditions and varied agro-
ecological settings. The food, nutrition, medicinal and economic values of the crop could be
of significant importance for the population of the Region. Therefore, the Consultation
recommended that every effort should be made to realize the full agricultural potential of the
crop.
o Remarkable success has been achieved in grape production and productivity levels in certain
countries of the Region (such as India and Australia), while in other countries the progress is
very limited. The opportunities for further development of the grape industry appear to be
very good. However, at the same time the problems to be addressed are many and serious.
There is, therefore, a need for the various countries to consider taking appropriate action to
address the existing problems to the extent possible.
o Wine is a drink made by fermented grapes and others fruits, but they can also impact the
environment with waste from the wine bottles and the corks from the wine bottles, and a
large amount of waste goes to over Earth and ocean. A quote from decanter.com states that
"likewise and untreated waste water from winery use- hosing down barrels, tanks and
building - can harm the ecosystems in and around the rivers, lakes and ponds." This is saying
that wine production and manufacturing harms the ecosystems with untreated waste water
and harms the rivers, lakes and ponds. Overall wine is good beverage, but it can cause some
bad things to the environment and the ecosystem.
 References

1. https
://www.india-briefing.com/news/emerging-opportunities-in-indias-wine-
market-investment-industry-potential-22334.html
2. https://www.northbaybusinessjournal.com
3. https://winewebsiteliammarasigan.weebly.com
4. https://trendeconomy.com
5. https://sulavineyards.com
6. https://
apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/report/downloadreportbyfilename?file
name=Wine%20Production%20and%20Trade%20Update_New%20Delhi_I
ndia_8-7-2019.pdf