Personal Development

Sean De Leon
Mark Airon Manahan
Emanuel Daniel Dinglasan
Ruzzel Valdez
Kristina Olaguer
Mental Development
Cognitive Development
Elements Boys Girls

Growth Dramatic shift in thinking Dramatic Shift in thinking

from concrete to abstract from concrete to abstract.
Development
Appreciate hypothetical Appreciate hypothetical
situation. situation.

Ability to think about future, Ability to think about future,

evaluate alternatives, and set evaluate alternatives, and set
personal goals personal goals
Changes Observed Becomes more independent Becomes more independent

Take on Increase such as Take on Increase such as

babysitting, summer jobs, or babysitting, summer jobs, or
household chores. household chores.

Shift their focus from play- Shift their focus from play-
centered activities to academics. centered activities to academics.

Begin to consider future careers Begin to consider future careers

and occupations. and occupations.

Begin to develop social Begin to develop social

conscience; manifest concern conscience; manifest concern
about social issues. about social issues.

Develop sense of values and Develop sense of values and

ethical behavior recognizing the ethical behavior recognizing the
importance of traits such as importance of traits such as
honesty, helpfulness, caring for honesty, helpfulness, caring for
others others
 Jean Piaget
st
Swiss Psychologi
Piaget Stages of Development
● Piaget's stages of development are part of a
theory about the phases of normal intellectual
development, from infancy through adulthood.
This includes thought, judgment, and
knowledge. The stages were named after
psychologist and developmental biologist Jean
Piaget, who recorded the intellectual
development and abilities of infants, children,
and teens.
● History of Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
Piaget was born in Switzerland in the late 1800s and was a precocious student, publishing his first scientific
paper when he was just 11 years old. His early exposure to the intellectual development of children came
when he worked as an assistant to Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon as they worked to standardize their
famous IQ test.
Piaget's 4 Stages of Cognitive Development

https://www.wondriumdaily.com/jean-piagets-theory-of-cognitive-development/
The Sensorimotor Stage
During this earliest stage of cognitive development, infants and toddlers acquire knowledge through sensory
experiences and manipulating objects. A child's entire experience at the earliest period of this stage occurs through
basic reflexes, senses, and motor responses.

Age 12 and Up

Major characteristics and developmental changes during this time:

Begins to think abstractly and reason about hypothetical problems

Begins to think more about moral, philosophical, ethical, social, and political issues that require theoretical
and abstract reasoning
Begins to use deductive logic, or reasoning from a general principle to specific information
Age 12 and Up

Major characteristics and developmental changes during this time:

Begins to think abstractly and reason about hypothetical problems

Begins to think more about moral, philosophical, ethical, social, and political issues that require theoretical and abstract reasoning
Begins to use deductive logic, or reasoning from a general principle to specific information
The Concrete Operational Stage
While children are still very concrete and literal in their thinking at this point in development, they become much
more adept at using logic.2 The egocentrism of the previous stage begins to disappear as kids become better at
thinking about how other people might view a situation.

7 to 11 Years

Major characteristics and developmental changes during this stage:

Begin to think logically about concrete events

Begin to understand the concept of conservation; that the amount of liquid in a short, wide cup is equal to that in
a tall, skinny glass, for example
Thinking becomes more logical and organized, but still very concrete
Begin using inductive logic, or reasoning from specific information to a general principle
The Formal Operational Stage
The final stage of Piaget's theory involves an increase in logic, the ability to use deductive reasoning, and an understanding of abstract
ideas.3 At this point, adolescents and young adults become capable of seeing multiple potential solutions to problems and think more
scientifically about the world around them.

Age 12 and Up

Major characteristics and developmental changes during this time:

Begins to think abstractly and reason about hypothetical problems

Begins to think more about moral, philosophical, ethical, social, and political issues that
require theoretical and abstract reasoning
Begins to use deductive logic, or reasoning from a general principle to specific information
Piaget vs. Vygotsky