Introducing Complete Generator

Protection Using the

SEL-2664 and SEL-300G

Copyright © SEL 2006

Protect Your Generator With SEL-2664
and SEL-300G Field Ground Detection
 Provide comprehensive
generator protection in
SEL-300G
 Get sensitive, early
detection of field ground
faults
 Easy to install and no
settings in SEL-2664
 Provide noise free,
electrical isolation
through fiber-optic
communications
 SEL-2664 Key Benefits
 Operates on most large or small generators
 Configure to trip, warn, or simply monitor
field ground resistance to match customer
needs
 High-quality construction gives widest
operating temperature range in industry
(– 40° to +85°C)
 Accurately detect field grounds, whether
generator is deenergized, stopped, or
operating
 Field Ground Detection
 Types of rotors
 Winding failure mechanisms
 Importance of field ground detection
 Field ground detection methods
 SEL-2664 Field Ground Module
 Use SEL-2664 with SEL-300G for complete
generator protection
 SEL complete generator protection solution
 Two Rotor Types

Salient Pole Rotor

Round Rotor

Photo courtesy of:

“Power Generation” Brochure, GE Industrial Systems ®
Publication # 4223.
 A Round Rotor Being Milled

Milling coil slots in an 1800 rpm

four-pole rotor for a 687,500 kVA generator
Round Rotor Slot – Cross Section

Coil Slot
Wedge
Retaining Ring Retaining Ring
Creepage Block Insulation

Copper Winding
Winding Short

Winding Ground
End Windings Winding Ground
Turn Insulation

Slot Armor
Field Winding Failure Mechanisms in
Round Rotors
 Thermal deterioration
 Thermal cycling
 Abrasion
 Pollution
 Repetitive voltage surges
Salient Pole Cross Section

Pole Body

Pole Collar

Winding Turn

Turn Insulation

Winding Ground

Pole Body Winding Short

Insulation

Pole Collar
Field Winding Failure Mechanisms in
Salient Pole Rotors
 Thermal deterioration
 Abrasive particles
 Pollution
 Repetitive voltage surges
 Centrifugal forces
Importance of Field Ground Detection

 Presence of a single point-to-ground in field

winding circuit does not affect operation of
generator
 Second point-to-ground can cause severe
damage to machine
 Excessive vibration
 Rotor steel and / or copper melting
Rotor Ground Detection Methods

 Voltage divider
 DC injection
 AC injection
 Switched-dc injection
Switched-DC Injection Method
Field Breaker Rotor and Field Winding

+
Exciter Brushes
–

R1 Grounding
Brush

R2
Measured Voltage
Rs
SEL-2664 Field Ground Module
SEL-2664 Field Ground Module

 Broad operating voltage

range
 Broad measurement
range
 No settings
 Fiber-optic link provides
ground isolation and
increases personnel
safety
 SEL-2664 Specifications

 Field operating voltage:

 Nominal: 60 – 750 Vdc continuous
 Maximum: 0 – 825 Vdc continuous
 1-minute thermal: 1500 Vdc
 Universal ac / dc power supply
 Operating temperature – 40° to +85°C
 Wall-mount, panel-mount, or rack-mount
options
SEL-2664 Field Insulation Resistance
Measurement
 Superior bipolar dc voltage injection method
 Measurement range to 200 k
 Fault detection range: 500  to 200 k,
±5%, and ±500 
 Operates with generator in energized or
deenergized state, stopped or rotating
 SEL-2664 Connections Overview
SCADA PC / HMI

SEL Communications
Processor
50 / 62.5 / 200 µm
Fiber-Optic Cable
EIA-232 ST® / ST
Exciter

SEL-300G SEL-2664

SEL-2812MR Field Winding

Prime
Gen.
Mover
 SEL-2664 Principle of Operation
Voscp

VDC
+
Voscn

Vrs – Rx

R Cfg

Vosc
R
Measured Voltage (Vrs)
Vrs
Rs

V
Use the New SEL-2664 Field Ground
Module With the SEL-300G Generator
Protection Relay
 SEL-300G Protection Overview

50 87

24 25 27/59 81

SEL-2600A

32 40 78 46/50/51 51V 60
SEL-2664
50/51N 49 64F 21 64G
SEL Complete Generator Protection
 Complete Solution Overview
SEL Communications
Processor

Exciter

SEL-300G SEL-2664

Fiber-Optic
Cable

Field Winding
SEL-2600A

Gen. Prime
Mover
 SEL-2664 / SEL-300G Application

Rotor
Square-Wave
Iron
Injection Voltage Field
Winding
SEL-300G
Generator Relay
FIELD (+)
SEL-2664 +
Field Ground Exciter
Rx = 2000 ohms (VDC)
Module FIELD (–) –
Fiber-Optic
Cable*
Fiber-Optic
SEL-2812MR Port (ST®) FIELD (GND)

SEL-300G Functionality SEL-2664 Functionality

Field Breakers Brushes

* Refer to the Model Option Table for cable choices.

 Application Highlights

 Operates on most large or small generators

 Can be configured to trip, warn, or simply
monitor field ground resistance to match
customer needs
 Widest operating temperature range in
industry
 Most accurate field ground measurement in
industry
 Conclusion
 Avoid severe generator damage by early
detection and removal of first field ground
 Apply SEL-2664 and SEL-300G for
sensitive and reliable field ground detection
 Monitor field insulation resistance
periodically on SEL-300G front panel or in
meter report, locally or at a remote location
using Modbus® RTU protocol or SEL
communications processor