The writing process.

(Pre-writing,
Writing, Re-writing)

Topic-1
Presentor: Mustak Ahmed Shovon
Roll: 1714010
Importance of Planning
 Prewriting

Prewriting is the process of gathering information on a subject

and planning out what our communication will say and look like.
Prewriting is the roadmap for our documents. We must establish
our purpose, identify our audience, and plan out our message.

During the prewriting phase, consider following these steps to

help map out a plan for your communication:
1. Establish your purpose : Ask yourself, why are you creating this
document? Are you trying to inform an audience of something? Do you want
to instruct the audience in how to do something? Do you need to persuade
them to believe something? Establishing your purpose will help determine the
type of communication you create.

For example, informing an audience about a new scientific breakthrough may

mean you write a magazine article or a research paper on your topic. However,
instructing your audience on how to use a new sewing machine will require a
totally different type of document. You may need to create a how-to manual
with lots of graphics and step-by-step instructions. Knowing what your
purpose is will help you choose the best format for your communication.
2. Identify your audience: For whom are you creating this
document? Who your audience is determines how you will
communicate your information.

For example, if you intend your document to be read by computer

geeks creating a new processing system, the language you are going to
use will be high-tech and full of jargon. But if you're explaining to the
general public how to use the new processing system, your language
must be simple and easy to understand. You must determine who your
target audience is before you begin writing so that you know how to
say what you want to say.
3. Gather your information: Now that you know what you want to
say and who you want to say it to, you need to collect the details.
Make sure you consider everything the audience needs to know. Do
you have the correct dates, times, expenses, locations, and required
actions? Communication cannot be effective if it is not complete and
accurate.

Imagine going on a road trip with part of the map missing. You need
to gather all of the information you need to write your document so
that you don't accidentally leave out any important detail in your
communication.
4. Plan your message: Once you have all of your information
together, you can begin to lay out exactly what you want to say.
Consider using one of these prewriting techniques as you plan out
what to say and when to say it in your communication:

• Bubble-mapping - Bubble maps allow you to brainstorm ideas

by putting your main topic in the center circle, then linking all of
the ideas you need to express about that topic in circles that link
to the center.
We chose FLAN!
• Outlining - If you like your information organized in a more
orderly manner, you could make an outline of your information.
The concept is the same as bubble mapping in that you determine
your main points and the details that explain those points, but the
layout allows for a neat, orderly examination of how the details
fit together. Outlining may be the most beneficial for those who
have a lot of little details you want to make sure you include in
your document.
—I. Flan

—A. Ingredients

— 1. Eggs

— 2. Sugar

— 3. Condensed Milk

B. Materials

1.Plastic Cups
Freewriting-

In FREEWRITING, you write whatever comes to your mind without

worrying about punctuation or grammar.You do write in complete
sentences.You can handwrite it or on the computer if you are a strong
typer.

Example:

I have to write a paper about the environment. I have no idea where to start! I know
there are many problems with the environment, but I don’t know much about this topic.
Maybe I could take a look at my biology book to come up with some ideas. I know my
biology professor is also really into the environment, so maybe I could ask for his help. I
remember he was talking about hybrid cars in class the other day and how much better
those are for the environment. What is a hybrid car? I know it uses some sort of
alternative fuel and they are becoming very popular. Maybe that is something I could
write about...
 Writing

Once you have determined your audience and purpose, gathered all of your
information, and planned out what you want to say, it's time to start
writing. Writing is simply the process of putting your information into
appropriate words, sentences, and paragraphs. The most important points to
consider when writing your draft are the organization and format of your
document.

Organization is the method by which you arrange the information in your

document. You have many options for how you organize your information. The
following are some of the more popular organizational structures:
• Problem-solution allows you to explain a problem and then provide potential
solutions. This type of organization would be great in a document presenting
ideas of how to improve an area of a company.

• Chronological organization allows you to write down steps to be taken based

on what should occur first, second, third, and so on. If you are developing a user
manual for a cell phone, chronological order may be your best organizational
option.

• Compare and contrast lets you explain how two items are similar and then
how they are different. This organizational structure is perfect for explaining
how an updated product has changed from the original.
• Top-down: Finally, a common type of organization structure for technical
documents is the top-down approach. In this structure, you provide an
overview of what you will say at the beginning of your document, then
give detailed information in paragraphs and bullet points. The top-down
approach would be great for providing research on a new type of
medicine.

The type of organization you choose for your communication will vary based
on your purpose and audience, but it is important to choose an organizational
pattern and stick to it so that readers can easily follow the information you are
presenting.
The other area you must consider as you are writing is how you will
format your document. Formatting is the way in which you lay out
and display your information. Once you have written all of your
information down, examine how the text appears on the document. Is
it easy to read? Are the important points easy to find? Does the
document provide a visual aid to help explain more difficult
information? Formatting your document allows your user to more
easily access and understand your information.
Consider using these formatting techniques during the writing process:

• Put key points in bold or larger fonts

• Use bullet points for important details

• Include a visual aid or graphic

• Insert tables or charts to group information

Reading large chunks of words can be brain numbing and your audience may
lose focus on your message. Adding in formatting techniques will keep your
document user-friendly and allow the reader to find information quickly.
 Rewriting

I'm sure once you've finally written down all that you needed to say,
your brain has become numb, but don't make the mistake of
publishing your document before you've looked back over your work.
Take a fifteen-minute break, go get a cup of coffee, and once your
brain has had a chance to rest, come back to your document for a
second look. Rewriting is the process of revising and editing what
you've written to fix any grammatical errors and to ensure the
information is correct, concise, and complete.
When you are rewriting, follow these steps to ensure that you produce the most accurate and
user-friendly document possible:

• Add details to any areas that may seem vague

• Delete unnecessary words or phrases

• Correct any grammar errors

• Check to make sure all information is accurate

• Examine the format to make sure important information is highlighted

Once you've read through your draft a few times, consider having a colleague review the
document as well. Two sets of eyes are better than one, and an objective outsider will be able to
tell you if you have been successful in communicating your information.
 Learning Outcomes

After watching this lesson, you should be able to:

-Identify and explain the steps that go into prewriting, writing, and
rewriting
-Examine organizational structures you can use for writing your
document