2.

0 BUILDING MATERIALS:

2.1 WOOD AND WOOD

PRODUCTS

Prepared by: Ar. Mary Claire G. yalung, uap

WOOD MATERIALS
WOOD HAS DURABILITY AND
BEAUTY. IT HAS GREAT ABILITY
TO ABSORB SHOCKS FROM
SUDDEN LOAD AND LIGHT IN
WEIGHT WHICH ADAPTABLE IN
A COUNTLESS ARIETY OF
PURPOSES.

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 WOOD MATERIALS

TWO MAJOR CLASSIFICATION OF WOOD:

 SOFT WOOD- THESE ARE USED GOR GENERAL
CONSTRUCTION.

 HARDWOOD- THESE ARE USED GOR

FLOORING, STAIRS, PANELLING, FUNITURES
AND INTERIOR TRIM.

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 THE GROWTH OF WOOD
As the tree trunk and branches thicken, a series of concentric layers of
wood cells are laid down around a central core called the pith. These
appear as growth rings. The pith is the remnant of the growing shoot that
gives the tree its height

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PROPERTIES OF WOOD:
 HARDNESS- MEASURED BY THE
COMPRESSION, WHICH A PIECE
UNDERGOES WHEN IS APPLIED.

 FLEXIBILITY- THE AMOUNT A PIECE

WILL BEND BEFORE BREAKING.

 STRENGTH- TO THE GRAIN

 DURABILITY- THE RELATIVE VALUE.

WOOD MATERIALS
 DEFFECTS OF LUMBER: WOOD MATERIALS

 DECAY- CAUSED BY THE ATTACKED OF FUNGI.

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 DEFFECTS OF LUMBER: WOOD MATERIALS

 CHECKS- CRACKS OR LENGTH WISE SEPARATION

“
ACROSS THE ANNUAL RINGS OF GROWTH.

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 DEFFECTS OF LUMBER: WOOD MATERIALS

 KNOTS- IRREGULAR GROWTHS IN THE BODY WHICH

“
INTERRUPS SMOOTH CURVES.

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 DEFFECTS OF LUMBER: WOOD MATERIALS

 PITCH POCKETS- WELL REFINED OPENINGS

“
BETWEEN ANNUAL RINGS CONTAINING SOLID OR
LIQUID PITCH.

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 DEFFECTS OF LUMBER: WOOD MATERIALS

 WANE- IS THE LACK OF WOOD ON THE EDGE OR

“
CORNER OF A PIECE.

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 WOOD MATERIALS
TYPES OF WARPING:
 CUPPING- IS A DISTORTION OF THE
BOARD IN WHICH THE FACE IS
CONVEX.
 BOWING- IS A DISTORTION OF THE
BOARD IN WHICH THE FACE COVEX/
LONGITUDINALLY.
 TWISTING- IS A DISTORTION OF THE
BOARD IN WHICH ONE CORNER IS
RAISED.

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12
 TYPES OF WARPING:

WOOD MATERIALS
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 WOOD MATERIALS

DEFINITION OF TERMS
a.) STRIPS- PIECES LESS THAN 2”
THICK AND LESS THAN 8” WIDE.

b.) BOARDS- PIECES LESS THAN 2”

THICK AND AT LEAST 8” WIDE.

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 WOOD MATERIALS
DEFINITION OF TERMS

c.) DIMENSION LUMBER- PIECES

MORE THAN 2” THICK AND LESS
THAN 5” IN ANY DIMENSION.

d.) TIMBER- PIECES 4” OR MORE ON

THE SMALLEST DIMENSION.

e.) LOG- PIECES 12” OR MORE ON THE

SMALLEST DIMENSION.

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THREE CATEGORIES OF
WOOD MATERIALS
LUMBER:
1. YARD LUMBER- USED FOR ORDINARY LIGHT
CONSTRUCTION AND FINISHING WORK.

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 2. SHOP LUMBER- IT IS INTENDED FOR USE IN
SHOPS OR IN MILLS MAKING DOORS AND
CABINETS.

WOOD MATERIALS

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 3. STRUCTURAL LUMBER- IS INTENDED FOR USE
IN HEAVY CONSTRUCTION FOR LOAD-BEARING
PURPOSES AND IS CUT INTO TIMBERS OF
LARGER SIZE.

WOOD MATERIALS
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 WOOD MATERIALS
WOOD GRAIN:

 EDGE GRAIN- ANNUAL GRAINS

RUN APPROX. AT RIGHT
ANGLE TO THE FACE.

 FLAT GRAIN- WHEN THE

ANNUAL RINGS RUN MORE OR
LESS PARALLEL TO THE
SURFACE.

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 SEASONINGS OF LUMBER:
 AIR DRING-
LUMBER IS
STRIP-PILED
AT ASLOPE
ON A SOLID
FOUNDATIO
N.

WOOD MATERIALS
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  KILN DRYING- MORE EXPENSIVE LUMBER
WHICH IS REQUIRED FOR MORE REFINED USES
SO AS WOOD WILL NOT MOVE. IT MUST BE
DRIED TO A MOISTURE CONTENT OF NOT MORE
THAN 5 TO 10 PERCENT.

WOOD MATERIALS

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 WOOD MATERIALS
MANUFACTURE OF BOARDS:
 PLYWOOD- IS MADE OF AN ODD NUMBER
VENEER SHEETS GLUED TOGETHER WITH
THE GRAINS RUNNING AT RIGHT ANGLE
TO EACH OTHER.

3 DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLYWOOD:

1. SOFT PLYWOOD
2. HARDWOOD
3. EXTERIOR OR MARINE PLYWOOD

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 SPECIALTY PLYWOODS;

1. HARDBOARD- IS MADE FROM WOOD CHIPS WHICH

ARE EXPLODED INTO FIBERS UNDER STREAMS OF HIGH
PRESSURE.

WOOD MATERIALS
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 2. PARTICLE BOARD- IS
MANUFACTURED FROM WOOD CHIPS,
CURLS, FIBERS, FLAKES, STRANDS,
SHAVING, SILVER. BOUND TOGETHER
AND PRESSED INTO SHEETS AND
OTHER MOLDED SHAPED.

WOOD MATERIALS

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 FOUR CATEGORIES OF PHILIPPINE
TIMBER:
I. HIGH STRENGTH GROUP
- AGOHO
- MALABAYABAS
- MANGGACAHPUI
- MOLAVE
- NARIG
- SASALIT
- YAKAL

WOOD MATERIALS
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 FOUR CATEGORIES OF PHILIPPINE TIMBER:
II. . MODERATE HIGH STRENGTH GROUP
- ANTIPOLO
- BINGGAS
- BOKBOK
- DAO
- GATASAN
- GUIJO
- KAMAGONG
- KAMALOG
- KATO
- LOMARAW
- MAHOGANY
- MAKAASLIM
- MALAKAUAYAN
- NARRA
- DAHUTAN
WOOD MATERIALS
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 FOUR CATEGORIES OF PHILIPPINE TIMBER:
III. . MEDIUM STRENGTH GROUP
- APITONG
- BAGTIKAN
- DANGKALAN
- GISAB
- LANUTAN- BAGYO
- LAUAN
- MALASAGING
- MALUGAI
- NATO
- PALOSAPIS
- PINE
- SALAKIN
- MALAVIDAL LANU AN

WOOD MATERIALS
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 FOUR CATEGORIES OF PHILIPPINE
TIMBER:

IV. MODERATE LOW STRENGTH GROUP

- BAYER
- LINGA-LINGA
- RAINTREE
- YEMANE

WOOD MATERIALS
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 TYPES OF WOOD PRESERVATIVES:
1. CREOSOTE- Creosote is derived from the distillation of tar
from wood or coal and is used as a wood preservative. Pesticide
products containing creosote as the active ingredient are used to protect
wood used outdoors (such as railroad ties and utility poles) against
termites, fungi, mites and other pests.

2. WATER SOLUBLE SALT- IS A chemical used to treat wood for

protection against decay and insects.

3. ORGANIC MATERIALS- WHEN SOLVENT EVAPORATE, A

COATING OF NONSOLUBLE MATERIAL IS LEFT ON THE
WOOD, THE WOOD CAN BE PAINTED.

WOOD MATERIALS
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 THANK YOU FOR
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LISTENING!!!
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BE HUMBLE
“NEVER THINK THAT YOU ARE BETTER THAN ANYONE ELSE…

FOR DUST YOU ARE; AND UNTO DUST YOU SHALL RETURN.”

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