SGD 24

Anatomi Kelenjar Tiroid

SIFA NAFIZHAH AZAHRA JEMSI

2108260134
ANATOMI
 =>
● Thyroid tissue originates from the midline of the diverticulum at
the base of the pharynx
● The microscopic thyroid follicles appear first to develop from the
lateral lobes
● At 3 months of development, follicular cells first show iodine
uptake, and thyroid hormone secretion begins
 KELENJAR THYROID
⚫ Location:
⚫ anterior and lateral to the coli region, at the level of the
cervical vertebrae V-VII
⚫ Weight: 20-30 grams
⚫ Have a double sheath:
⚫ fibrous capsule (directly attached)
⚫ cervical fascia pretracheal lamina (not attached)
⚫ H or U . shape

⚫ Has 2 lobbies laterales (dex. & sin.), isthmus gld. thyroid (middle)
⚫ sometimes there is an additional lobe that protrudes in front of the
isthmus
⚫ PYRAMIDALIS LOBE
⚫ Each lobe has an apex, base, 3 surfaces
⚫ Each lobe tdd lobule which has 20-40 follicles
 ANATOMI
● It is covered by a capsule that originates from the deep
pretracheal fascia lamina.
● This capsule attaches the thyroid to the larynx and trachea.
● This gland consists of two lateral lobes
● Connected by a thin bridge of thyroid isthmic tissue under the
cricoid cartilage in the neck
● Sometimes a pyramidal lobe emerges from the isthmus in front
of the larynx.
 ANATOMI
● Shaped like a butterfly
● Located in the front of the neck parallel to the 5th cervical
vertebra to the 1st thoracic vertebra
● Each lobe is shaped like a pear
● Apex above as far as the linea oblique lamina cartilage
thyroidea, with the base below the tracheal ring 5 or 6
● Length ± 5 cm, width 3 cm
● Weighs between 10 to 20 grams
⚫ Vascularization
⚫ A. thyroidea superior
⚫ A. thyroidea inferior
⚫ A. thyroidea ima (not always present)

⚫ lymph flow
⚫ Gld. Thyroid
⚫ to the top lnn. Cervicales deep down lnn.
Paratracheales
⚫ Thyroid isthmus
⚫ to the top lnn. Prelaryngeales downwards
lnn. Petracheales

⚫ Innervation
⚫ Trunchus sympathicus pars cervicalis and
N.X
⚫ Microscopic
⚫ Consists
of a round shape of THYROID
FOLLICLE composed of epithelium that
surrounds the room containing colloids

⚫ Between
follicles or attached to follicles
⚫ PARAFOLICULAR CELLS Result:
HORMONE
⚫ THYROCALCITONIN Lowers blood
CALCIUM levels
 FUNCTION OF KELENJAR
THYROID

⚫ Produces the hormone thyroxine, which can cause:

⚫ increase cell metabolism related to:
⚫ Development
⚫ Growth
⚫ Differentiation
⚫ Affects the nervous system and the rate of heart
contraction
 Anatomi
● It is covered by a capsule that originates from the deep pretracheal
fascia lamina.
● This capsule attaches the thyroid to the larynx and trachea.
● This gland consists of two lateral lobes
● Connected by a thin bridge of thyroid isthmic tissue under the cricoid
cartilage in the neck
● Sometimes a pyramidal lobe emerges from the isthmus in front of the
larynx.
ANATOMI
 REFERENCE
(1)1. Dr. Vladimir VF. Jurnal UMY. Gastron ecuatoriana y Tur local. 1967;1(69):5–24.
2. Pontoh LM, Kalangi SJR, Kaseke MM. Gambaran makroskopik dan mikroskopik kandung kemih
pada hewan coba postmortem. J e-Biomedik. 2017;5(1):199–205.
3. IPB FKH. Sistem Endokrin. Buku Ajar Ilmu Bedah [Internet]. 2015;799–822. Available from:
http://pustaka.unpad.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/pustaka_unpad_perawatan_maloklusi_kel
as_Ii_keletal.pdf
4. Tamara C, Sari DM, Roza DI, Aspela D, Mulya EKO, Lestari EP, et al. Presentasi farmakoterapi
gangguan tiroid.
5. Pustaka Materi. Anatomi Kelenjar Tiroid. 2015; Available from:
http://pustakamateri.web.id/sistem-endokrin-kelas-11-sma/kelenjar-tiroid/
 
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