67% of egyption kids suffer from iron deficiency anemia ( IDA)

• Microcytic anaemia is any of several types of anaemia characterized

by small red blood cells
• Hypochromic anaemia is a generic term for any type of anaemia in
which the red blood cells (erythrocytes) are paler than normal
 Iron Absorption
Iron is an essential mineral that is found within haemoglobin inside red blood cells.
Infants maintain adequate iron levels from prenatal reserves and diet.

FE Transported Heme synthesis

RBCS
via Transferrin in bone marrow

Iron is absorbed in the Iron-transport protein Iron is transported to the RBCs Synthesis
duodenum and upper synthesized in the liver Erythroblast mitochondria
jejunum. In the bone marrow to be
synthesised to Heme

Ascorbic acid is the only common food element known to increase non-heme iron absorption.
• Iron not used for erythropoiesis is transferred by transferrin,
• an iron-transporting protein, to the storage pool; iron is stored in form of ferritin

• The most important is ferritin (a heterogeneous group of proteins surrounding an iron core),
which is a soluble and active storage fraction

• Circulating (serum) ferritin level parallels the size of the body stores

• Transferrin are iron-binding blood plasma glycoproteins that control the level of free iron in
biological fluids