Presented By: 21ST CENTURY

GROUP 6 LITERATURE
GROUP 6 MEMBERS:
JHOANA HEIZEL SISON
JAZMIEN REYES
JERICK VIRAY
KRICHELLE ANNE OCAMPO
ALEXA PALMA
AFRICAN LITERATURE HANNAH VILLAFANIA
JOSEPH TENEPERE
KATE VALDEZ CASTRO
OBJECTIVES:
Specifically, you are expected to:

• Identify representative texts and authors from

Africa

• Recognize representative texts and authors from

Africa

• Write a close analysis or critical interpretation of

literary texts

• Appreciate the aesthetic and cultural

diversity of the African Literature
AFRICA
"THE CRADLE OF THE HUMANKIND"
 AFRICA
Africa, the "Cradle of the humankind" according to scientists,
has a literature that is filled with the human spirit, desiring for
freedom and contentment. African literature consists of oral
tradition and written literature ranging from local languages
brought by the colonizers (English, Portuguese, and French).
 africa
The oral literature of Africa such as
myths, stories, riddles, proverbs, and
dramas document the exploits of the
heroes of the communities, remind the
people about their culture and traditions,
entertain and educate the youth. It
flourishes across the continent in the
15th century CE until the interaction of
Africa with Europe and Asia, their trade
and cultural partners, serves as the main
contributor to the African literature
growth.
 africa
In the 19th century, European
countries compete for the
colonization of the African
territory to gain political and
economic edge. The
colonization and slave trade
has awaken the African
psyche (the soul and mind)
incredibly.
 AFRICA
In the contemporary times, African
writers experience new challenges with
their new and sovereign government.
numerous notable african
writers
• Chinua Achebe

• Wole Soyinka

• Kofi Awoonor

• Ngungi wa Thiong'o (East

Africa's leading novelist)

• Okot p'Bitek
• Nadine Gordimer

• Dennis Crutus

• Es'kia Mphahlele

• Jacques Rabemananjara
 african writers

Chinua Achebe Wole Soyinka

Nigerian novelist Nigerian playwright
He was a Nigerian novelist, poet, He was the first black African to be
critic, and professor and was awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize for
honored as Grand Prix de la Literature. One of his famous works
Memoir of the 2019 edition of the is his first important play "A Dance
Grand Prix of Literary of the Forests" which was written for
the Nigerian independence
Associations.
celebrations.
 african writer
He was a Ghanian novelist and
poet who wrote "This Earth, My
Brother", a cross between a
novel and a poem. It was told on
two levels each representing a
distinct reality. These portions of
the text deal with the new nation Kofi Awoonor
of Ghana, which is represented Ghanaian poet
by a baby on a dunghil.
 african writers
Ngungi wa Thiong'o
Kenyan author
East Africa's leading novelist, a
Kenyan writer who wrote the
famous novel "Weep Not, Child".
It was the first major novel in
English by an East African.
Okot p' Bitek
Ugandan poet
He was a Ugandan poet, novelist, and
social anthropologist who wrote the
three verse collections - Song of
Lawino (1066), Song of Ocol (1970),
and Two Songs (1971). He achieved
international recognition for Song of
Lawino. It was followed by the
husband's reply, the Song of Ocol.
 african writers

Nadine Gordimer Jacques Rabemananjara

South African Writer Malagasy poet

A South African writer and the He was a Malagasy

recipient of the 1991 Nobel Prize playwright and poet and one
in Literature. She wrote the joint of Madagascar's most
winner of the Booker - prominent writers. He wrote
McConnell Prize novel "The and published his play "Les
Conservationist". dieux malgaches".
 african writers

Es'kia Mphahlele Thomas Mofolo

South African Author Mosotho writer

He wrote the South African classic He was the greatest writer from
autobiography "Down Second the Sotho people in Africa. He
Avenue". created the first Western-style
novels in the Basotho language.
His novel "Chaka" became a
classic.
 SHORT SUMMARY
once upon a time
By: Nadine Gordimer

The story begins from the perspective of an unnamed narrator

who is a writer. The narrator recalls receiving a letter that
suggested that all authors should write at least one story for
children. Although initially reluctant to agree with this, the
narrator changes their mind after being awoken by a noise in
the night. The narrator fears that someone has broken into
their house before realizing that the noise is being caused by a
shift in the disused mines which lie beneath their home’s
foundations. The narrator decides to tell themselves a bedtime
story to help them get back to sleep.
 once upon a time
By: Nadine Gordimer

The story the narrator is narrating is about a man, his

wife, and their young son who live in a white suburb in
South Africa. They have a maid and a gardener whom
the man’s mother, known throughout as the wise old
witch, advised them about hiring. There were riots
happening in the nearby black suburbs which made the
wife fearful about the violence coming to their area. To
reassure her, the man had security gates fitted outside
their home. The little boy enjoyed playing with the
intercom on the security gates.
 once upon a time
By: Nadine Gordimer
The maid heard a story about a housekeeper elsewhere in the suburb
who was tied up by intruders who had broken into the house where she
worked. The maid was frightened that this could happen to her and
begged the man and his wife to install burglar bars in their house, which
they did. Next, the family installed an alarm system, which was set off
regularly by the cat trying to get into bed with the little boy at night.

Many unemployed black people began coming to the white suburb to

look for work or to beg. The wife felt sorry for these people and wanted
to offer them food and drink but she was discouraged from doing so by
the man and the maid who claimed that the people did not deserve any
help. The man began to bring the little boy’s tricycle in from the garden
at night because, although it was now impossible to break into the house,
it was still possible to climb over the wall into their garden.
 once upon a time
By: Nadine Gordimer
The man and his wife decided to build a taller wall to prevent
people climbing into their garden. The man’s mother, the wise
old witch, paid for the extra bricks as their Christmas present.
She gave the little boy a book of fairy tales. The wall was taller
but not so tall as to stop the cat climbing over it.

After viewing the security measures of different houses in their

neighborhood, the man and his wife decided to install a serrated
metal security coil along the top of their garden wall so that
anyone attempting to climb over the wall would be seriously
injured. They worried that the cat would be hurt trying to climb
over the wall but after it was installed the cat stopped trying to
leave the garden.
 once upon a time
By: Nadine Gordimer

One night, the wife read the little boy the story of
Sleeping Beauty from the book of fairy tales given
to him by the wise old witch. The next day, inspired
by the prince in the story, the little boy put a ladder
against the garden wall and tried to climb over. He
became ensnared in the security coil and was
seriously injured. The gardener freed the bloodied
little boy from the coil and carried him back inside
the house.
 short analysis
Once Upon A time

The themes of apartheid, equality, racism,

insecurity, freedom, innocence, control, and
fear are all present in Nadine Gordimer's
novel "Once Upon a Time." After reading
the narrative, we may conclude that
Gordimer is maybe addressing the subject
of racism and discrimination.
 short analysis
Once Upon A time

Which leaves it for us, the readers, to understand

that there is a problem with equality since back
then, black people are viewed as inferior to white
people. When she wrote this article, Nadine
Gordimer wanted to let her readers know about the
occurrences going on in her hometown. Some
people in South Africa were being racists, and as a
result of the occurrences, there was a rage among
them about this matter.
 short analysis
Once Upon A time

The writer uses a unique literary technique

which is storytelling. She tells her readers a
bedtime story but in between the boy’s
mother tells another bedtime story. In this
way, it gives the writer the ability to this
literary technique of implanting a nested
narrative within the main story.
Thank You
group 6