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METABOLISM
CARBOHYDRATE
Sri Fadhila(2108260066)
Process Metabolism Carbohydrate
1. Glycolysis
2. Glycogenesis
3. Glycogenolysis
4. HMP Shunt
5. Gluconeogenesis
Glycolysis
◦ Glycolysis is suite reaction which change glucose becomes two molecule pyruvate
◦ On process this also generated ATP
◦ process glycolysis occur in cytoplasm or cytosol
◦ Ingredient main process glycolysis is food which consumed
◦ There are 10 steps glycolysis
Glycogenesis
◦ Synthesis glycogen from glucose
◦ Occurinin heart and muscle
Glycogenolysis
◦ Process solving glycogen
◦ In muscle: the goal for get energy for muscle
◦ In heart :the goal for maintain rate glucose blood between two time eat
 Gluconeogenesis

◦ Formation glucose from ingredient no carbohydrate

◦ On mmalia especially occur in : heart and kidney
◦ Gluconeogenesis important very for provision glu vocabulary when carbohydrate not enough in diet
•Network need supply glucose continuous as source energy especially system
nerveanderythrocytes
•Enzyme help:
•pyruvate carboxylase
•Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
•Fructose1,6biphosphatase
•Glucose6-phosphatase
HMP Shunt
HEXOSE MONO PHOSPHATE SHUNTS
• Called also : Pentose Phosphates pathway
• Is Street other for oxidation glucose
• Not aim produce energy ( ATPs )
• Active in :
1. Heart
2. Jar. Fat
3. Klj. Cortex adrenals
4. Klj. thyroid
5. Erythrocyte
6. Klj. Mammae ( lactation )
Reference
◦ Albert, L. Lehninger. 2000. Biohemistry Fundaments, Carbohydrates. Proteins,
LipidsMetabolism.,TheJohns Hopkins University.
◦ Albertini, M., et.al. 2001. A Peroxisomal membrane protein binding both Receptorof two PTS-dependent
import pathway, Journal Physiol Pharmacol America
◦ Brosnan, JT. 2000.Glutamate, at the inter face between Amino Acids and Carbohydrates Metabolism, J.
nutrition130 (Supl9885-905).
◦ Bonetti PO, Lerman LO, Lerman A., 2003. Endothelial Dysfunction Molecular biology of the cell,Garlan
Science, UK., 4th,edition, p:1279- 1280.