Patofisiologi

HEPATITIS
Nahda Sabitah
HEPATITIS A

Pathophysiology of hepatitis A is hepatitis A virus (HAV) that replicates in

hepatocytes. HAV belongs to the Picornaviridae family which infects the human
body through the faecal-oral route.
Incubation Period

After replicating in the liver, HAV is excreted in the bile and released in the
feces or through the enterohepatic cycle back to the liver, where virus
neutralization occurs. Incubation of HAV infection generally occurs within 2-6
weeks. A few days later, symptoms of acute hepatitis appear accompanied by
elevated liver enzymes including hyperbilirubinemia.
Infectious and Noninfectious Period

Individuals infected with hepatitis A are highly infectious within 2 weeks before
the onset of jaundice, when viral concentrations are particularly high in the
feces. Even before the onset of symptoms, HAV can be detected in blood, urine,
feces, and saliva.
HEPATITIS B

The virus sheds its coat in the cytoplasm, thereby releasing the
nucleocapsid. Furthermore, the nucleocapsid will penetrate the cell wall of
the liver. HBV nucleic acid will come out of the nucleocapsid and will attach to
the host DNA and integrate into the DNA.
REFERENSI
1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, August 18). Pinkbook: Hepatitis B. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved October 19, 2022, from
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/hepb.html
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, August 18). Pinkbook: Hepatitis A. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved October 19, 2022, from
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/hepa.html#:~:text=onset%20of
%20symptoms-,Pathogenesis,weeks%20before%20onset%20of%20illness.
3. World Health Organization. (n.d.). Hepatitis A. World Health Organization. Retrieved October 19, 2022,
from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-a