Suez University

Faculty of Technology and Education

R-2R ladder

Group Name
1-Anwar said mohamed elmelegy
2- Hanan Atef Ahmed Hussien
3-Marwa Ali Tawfik Omar
4-Ahmed Ragab Abd Elkader
5-Mohammed El Sayed Zein
6-Mahmoud Adel El Sayed Torad
:R-2R DAC

2R Digital-to-Analogue Converter,
or DAC, is a data converter which
use two precision resistor to convert
a digital binary number into an
analogue output signal proportional
to the value of the digital number
The R-2R resistive ladder network uses just two resistor values, one
which is the base value “R” and the other which has twice the value,
“2R” of the first resistor no matter how many bits are used to make up
the ladder network. So for example,
we could just use a 1kΩ resistor for the base resistor “R”, and therefore
a 2kΩ resistor for “2R” (or multiples thereof as the base value of R is
not too critical), thus 2R is always twice the value of R, that is 2R = 2*R.
This means that it is much easier to maintain the required accuracy of
the resistors along the ladder network compared to the previous
weighted resistor DAC. But what is a “R-2R resistive ladder network
anywE2a3y.
? What are the different types of DAC

Types of Digital to Analog Converter (DAC)

Binary Weighted Resistor D/A Converter
.Circuit

Binary ladder or R–2R ladder D/A Converter

Circuit.
Advantages of R-2R ladder DAC

Easier to build accurately as only two precision metal film resistors- 1

.are required
Number of bits can be expanded by adding more sections of same -2
.R/2R values
3- In inverted R/2R ladder DAC, node voltages remain constant with
changing input binary words. This avoids any slowdown effects by
stray capacitances.