Educational

Leadership
Topic 1:
The Nature of Leadership

Dr. Md Rosli Haji Ismail

Learning Outcomes

Differentiate between
Discuss the roles of a Discuss the traits of
leadership and
leader effective leadership
management

Explore the role of

Explore the importance Discuss the changing
power in leadership and
of a principal’s perspectives on
the leader-follower
instructional leadership leadership
relationship
Definition of Leadership

Leadership is the ability to inspire confidence and support among

people who are needed to achieve organisational goals (W.Chan Kim and
Maubourge, 1992)

Leadership is associated with interpersonal influence, communication,

goal attainment, motivation and coordination and willingness to take the
blame.
 Functions of Management and Leadership
Management (POLC)
Emphasis on Order and Consistency
Planning & Budgeting: P
 Establishing agenda
 Setting timetables
 Allocating resources
Organising & Staffing: O
 Providing structure
 Making job placements
 Establishing rules and procedures
Leadership (DPMI)
Emphasis on Change and Movement
Establishing Direction: D
 Creating a vision
 Clarifying big picture
 Setting strategies
Aligning People: P
 Communication goals
 Seeking commitments
 Building teams and coalitions
Sample of the Exam Question:
Both leadership and management are
about working with people and involve
influence. They are essential if an
organization is to succeed.
However, the functions of management
and leadership are different in nature.
Briefly explain FOUR (4) differences
between leadership and management.

Controlling & Problem Solving: L, C Motivation and Inspiring: M,I

 Developing incentives  Inspiring & energising
 Generating creative solutions  Empowering subordinates
 Taking corrective action  Satisfying unmet needs
Leadership Roles
Figurehead
Strategic
Planner Spokesperson

Entrepreneur Negotiator
Roles of
Leader
Technical
Problem Coach
Solver

Team Builder
Team Player
Traits of Effective Leadership
The
Contributor
Character Communicator
Builder

Producer
Educator
Indicators of
Effective
Leadership
Activator Envisioner

Culture
Facilitator
Builder
Change
Master
 Leadership and Power
Source of Power Description Link to Leadership
Influence Process of producing an effect on An essential activity of a leader and
somebody’s behaviour, attitude, values an active use of power to get
etc. somebody or a group to achieve a set
goal.

Persuasion Urging with somebody convincingly to A particular way a leader can

do something or believe something. influence others, can be seen as a
form of political behaviour or tactic.

Authority The right (legal or positional) to Come with formal positions of

determine control, assign task and leadership and management within an
responsibilities, solve conflicts, set rules organisational hierarchy.
and procedures, reward and punish.
 Changing Perspectives on Leadership
Type of Leadership Traits Remarks

Charismatic Leadership Dominance, self-confidence, need to influence, These leaders would be able to bring about
strong conviction in the moral correctness of positive changes in society to achieve their
their beliefs. visions successfully, if their policies and visions
are based on a sound philosophy and principles.

Transactional Leadership Motivating their followers by exchanging

rewards for the services rendered, giving
followers things they want in exchange for
things leaders want Idealised
influence

Transformational Motivating their followers to be self-motivated

Leadership and empowering themselves to produce
4Is of
unexpected performance beyond what they Individualised
experience
Transformational
Leaders
Inspirational
motivation

themselves could envisage, the need to change,

creating new visions, concentrating on long-
term goals
Intellectual
motivation
 Changing Perspectives on Leadership
Type of Traits Remarks
Leadership

Instructional Frame the

Sample of the Exam Question:
Provide
Leadership incentives
schools
Communicate the
goals Hallinger (1982) developed 10 job
(Principalship for learning school goals
Leadership) functions that reflect the areas of
responsibility of the principal as an
Provide
professional
Supervise and instructional leader.
evaluate
development 10 Functions instruction
of an Briefly explain each of these 10 job
Instructional functions.
Provide
incentives for Leader Coordinate the
teachers curriculum

Maintain
high Monitor
visibility student
Protect progress
instructional
time
Thank You