PSYCHOANALYTIC

THEORY
JERAMI ZAMBRANO
REPORTER
FREUD’S STAGES OF PSYCHOSEXUAL
DEVELOPMENT

• Freud is the most popular psychologist that studied

the development of personality, also probably the
most controversial. His theory of psychosexual
development includes five distinct stages.
• The theory is quite interesting for many because
Freud identified specific erogenous zones for each
stage of development. These are specific “pleasure
areas” that become focal points for the particular
stage.
 FREUD’S FIVE STAGES
1. ORAL STAGE (Birth to 18 months)
• The erogenous zones is the mouth. During the oral
stage the child is focused on oral pleasure
(sucking ).Too much or too little satisfaction can
lead to an Oral Fixation or Oral Personality which
is shown in an increased focus on oral activities.

• This type of personality may be oral receptive, that

is have a stronger tendency to smoke, drink alcohol,
overeat or oral aggressive, that is ,with a tendency
to bite his nails or use curse words or even gossip.
2. ANAL STAGE (18 months to 3 years)
• The child’s focus of pleasure in this stage is the
anus.The child finds satisfaction in eliminating and
retaining feces. Through society’s expectations,
particularly the parents, the child needs to work on
toilet training.
• In terms of personality fixation during this stage
can result in being anal retentive, an obsession
with cleanliness, perfection and control; or anal
expulsive where the person may become messy
and disorganized.
3. PHALLIC STAGE (Ages 3 to 6)
• The pleasure or erogenous zone is genitals. During the
preschool age ,children become interested in what makes
boys and girls different. Preschooler will sometimes be
seen fondling their genitals.
• Freud’s studies led him to believe that during this stage
boys develop unconscious sexual desire for their mother.
Boys then see their father as a rival for their mother’s
affection. Boys may fear that their father will punish
them for these feelings,thus,the castration anxiety.
• These feelings comprise what Freud called Oedipus
Complex. In Greek Mythology, Oedipus unintentionally
killed his father and married his mother Jocasta.
• Psychoanalyst also believed that girls may also
have a similar experience, developing
unconscious sexual attraction towards their
father. This is what is referred to as the Electra
Complex.

4. LATENCY STAGES (Age 6 to puberty)

• It’s during this stage that sexual urges remain
repressed .The children’s focused is the
acquisition physical and academic skills. Boys
usually relate more with boys and girls with girls
during this stage.
5. GENITAL STAGE (Puberty onwards)
• The fifth stage of psychosexual
development begins at the start of
puberty when sexual urges are once
again awakened. In the earlier stages,
adolescents focus their sexual urges
towards the opposite sex peers, with
the pleasure centered on the genitals.
THE THREE LEVELS
OF AWARENESS
The Conscious Mind

The first level of consciousness is referred to as the

conscious state, and it refers to our present awareness
as you read this. When we receive information from our
senses, analyze it, and then make decisions based on
that information, we are utilizing our conscious mind.

For instance, you may be conscious of the information

you’re reading, the sound of the music you’re listening
to, or the content of a conversation you’re having at the
moment.
All of the thoughts that pass through your mind,
all of the sensations and perceptions from the
outside world, and all of the memories that you
bring into awareness are all a part of that
conscious experience.

The conscious mind comprises everything that

we are aware of at any given moment. It
encompasses everything we’re thinking about
right now, whether it’s in the forefront or the
back of our minds. If we are conscious of it, it is
in our conscious mind.
The Subconscious Mind

The subconscious level of consciousness is where

dreams are created. We can think of it as a
repository for all recalled experiences, the
impressions these experiences leave on the mind,
and the tendencies that are awoken or reinforced
by these impressions. Every experience, thought,
and impression you’ve ever had is stored in your
subconscious mind and has a far greater influence
on our thought and behavior patterns than we
realize.
The subconscious stores information just beneath
the level of conscious awareness. Individuals can
retrieve such information relatively easily, and
these are commonly referred to as memories.
Suppose someone were to ask you right now what
your middle name was, you would recall it, as well
as your father’s birthday and the last time it
rained. Past experiences are stored in what Freud
referred to as the subconscious part of our minds,
which we may be unaware of at one point and then
completely focused on at another.
Our success in life, work, and relationships
is frequently determined by the habits we
develop over time. Setting priorities and
completing critical day-to-day tasks
requires both mental and physical strength.
As such, this habit is amenable to learning
through practice and repetition until it
becomes ingrained in our subconscious
mind and becomes an indelible part of our
behavior.
The Unconscious Mind

The unconscious is the final level of consciousness.

This is composed of thoughts, memories, and
primitive/instinctual desires that are deeply buried
within us, well below our conscious awareness. While
we are unaware of their existence, they have a sizable
impact on our behaviour.While our behaviors
frequently reveal the unconscious forces that
motivate them, we are unable to readily access the
information stored in the unconscious mind.
Throughout our childhood, we accumulated
a variety of memories and experiences that
shaped our current beliefs, fears, and
insecurities. However, we are unable to
recall the majority of these memories. They
are unseen forces that influence our
behaviour.Things that may be forgotten in
your unconscious mind include negative
past experiences or a traumatic event that
you pushed out of your subconscious.
Certain life experiences or thoughts may be too
frightening for some individuals to fully acknowledge
and are thus mediated by the subconscious mind.
The conscious mind’s contents are all of the things
of which you are actively aware. The closely related
preconscious mind contains all of the possibilities
for bringing something into conscious awareness.
Additionally, the preconscious acts as a gatekeeper,
limiting the amount of information that enters
conscious awareness.
-END-
THANK
YOU!