THEORY OF MACHINES

RITHIKA SHREE 21R231

SRIMATHI 21R244
ADHAVAN 22R431
MULLAINATHAN 22R435
NITHISH KUMAR 22R436
SIVATMIGA 22R447
WHITWORTH QUICK RETURN MECHANISM
 WHAT IS WHITWORTH QUICK RETURN MECHANISM

 The Whitworth quick return mechanism converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion,
 but unlike the crank and slider, the forward reciprocating motion is at a different rate than the backward stroke.
 Whitworth quick return mechanism is the inversion of a single slider crank chain.
PARTS

 1] Crank:- The crank rotates with uniform angular velocity. It gets power from a pinion wheel or motor.
 2] Slotted bar & Slider:- It is a bar with a slot for guiding a slider into it. The slider is connected to the
end of the crank. The slotted bar is pivoted at a fixed origin. Its other end is connected to the connecting
rod.
 3] Connecting rod:- The aim of connecting rod is to converts the rotary motion of the end of the slotted
bar into reciprocating motion.
 4] Ram:- The ram reciprocates in the horizontal direction. The shaper or slotting tool is mounted onto
the ram.
Crank Base Plate Frame 1 Connecting rod

Frame 2 Slider Ram Ram base

CONSTRUCTION

 The construction is as follows:-

 1) As shown in the above figure, link AC is fixed.
 2) Crank AB rotates about origin A with uniform angular velocity.
 3) The slider b is mounted at end of crank AB which slides into the slotted bar.
 4) Slotted bar is pivoted at C & rotates about point C.
 5) At the end of the slotted bar, connecting rod is attached which converts rotary motion to reciprocating motion.
 6) The ram is connected at the end of the connecting rod. The ram reciprocates & has a cutting tool mounted
on it.
WORKING

 1] When the crank moves from B2 to B1 in a clockwise manner, the ram moves from Y1 to Y2 (forward).
 It means that, Time for forward stroke of ram = Time to complete angle α by crank
 2] When the crank moves from B1 to B2 in a clockwise direction, the ram moves from Y2 to Y1 (return).
 It means that, Time for return stroke of ram = Time to complete angle β by crank
 3] From the figure as we know β<α. It means that the ram moves quicker in return stroke & it takes
much time for forward stroke.
APPLICATION

• Shaper
• Screw press
• Power-driven saw
• Mechanical actuator
• Revolver mechanisms
• Rotary combustion internal engine
• Air compressor
• Mechanical cutter.
SHAPING MACHINE
ROTARY COMBUSTION INTERNAL ENGINE
POWER-DRIVEN SAW
WATER PUMPING SYSTEM
ADVANTAGE

1. The idle or return stroke is quicker.

2. It reduces total machining time.
3. During the return stroke, there is rapid movement.
4. It can be used to convert rotary motion into reciprocating motion.
5. The material removal operation is only carried out in forwarding stroke in some machines. As a result, the
machine’s overall working time is reduced by the faster return stroke.
DISADVANTAGE

1. Because there is no contact with the work during the returning stroke, no cutting occurs, and the operation takes a
long time to complete.
2. In comparison to the return stroke, the forward stroke takes a long time.
3. To carry out operations, additional power is required.
4. Friction exists between the slider and the piston.
5. Because of the heat generated inside the piston, it will not perform indefinitely, and wear and tear may occur.
6. Because this gadget is also linked to links, balancing the linkage is a key issue.
CONCLUSION

 The movements of the forward and the backward are dependent upon the construction of the 
mechanism. The Whitworth quick return mechanism is an inversion and practical type mechanism of
the single slider crank chain where the ram (sliding link) will be responsible for the machining of the
workpiece and the other three turning pairs (connecting rod, crank, and frame) always tries to make the
sliding pair to move.