P I L I N G

END BEARING PILES

CONCRETE
FRICTION
PILES
PILES
TYPES OF
PILING
BORED PILES
STEEL
PILES
DRIVEN
TIMBER SCREWED
PILES
PILES PILES
 End Bearing Pile Friction Pile

 When piles transfer load of the  When piles transfer the loads
building through a soft soil only by means of skin
strata to a suitable bearing resistance without any end
stratum at greater depth then it bearing then the piles are called
called a bearing pile. as friction piles.

 The load is taken by the hard  Load is taken by the friction

strata. developed between side of the
pile and surrounding ground.
 Hard strata is essentially
required.  Hard strata is not essentially
required.
 It is used to transfer load
 Bored Piles Driven Piles

 Bored piles need to be augured  Driven Piles need a lot of force

into the ground to form a hole to be hammered into the ground.
that workers can letter fill in
with poured concrete.  This type of pile is common for
foundations that have non-
 The benefits of this type of pile cohesive soils or soils that
is that it’s cast into position, contain many contaminants.
meaning that bored piles are
extremely secure.

 Construction projects in cities

use bored piles because the
 Screwed Piles Timber Piles

 Screwed piles look like large  Engineers have used timber

steel screws that need to be piles for thousand of years in
fastened into the ground using construction.
a similar circular motion
regular screws to attach to  A highly economical, safe and
other surfaces, such as wood. efficient foundation solution for
temporary and permanent
structures.
Screwed Piles Timber Piles
 Steel Piles Concrete Piles

 Construction workers install  Concrete piles are common in

steel piles with impact or offshore construction project,
vibration hammers that can such as bridges, oil rigs and
penetrate sturdy soil and rock. floating airports.

 Depending on the support that  It’s a modern tool that

your project needs, steel tube effectively supports vertical
piles come in different structural loads and lateral
diameter size options too. wave loads.

 It’s often used to stabilize

complex terrain because of
how the pile reacts and the
Steel Piles Concrete Piles
 DRIVEN PILES

SHEET CAST-
PILES IN-
METHOD OF
PLACE
PILING
PILES
INSTALLATION

END-
BEARING DRIVEN AND
PILES CAST-IN-PLACE
FRICTION- SCREW PILES
BEARING PILES
PILES
 DRIVEN PILES Vibration
Dropping weight
A hammer with approximately the The amplitude of vibration used here
weight of the pile is raised to a should be sufficient to break the skin
suitable height and is released to friction on sides of pile. This is bested
strike the pile head suited for sandy or gravelly soils

Jacking (only for micro piles) Jetting

To install jacking piles, Hydraulic To aid the penetration of piles in to

rams areDropping weight
used to push piles into sand or sand gravel, water jetting can
ground be employed
 CAST IN DRIVEN AND CAST-
PLACE PILE IN-PILES

● Requires the hole to be pre-dug and reinforced.

●
● A shell made of steel is driven
Manufactured out of concrete by poring directory
into hole. into the ground.
● Do not distribute the load through friction like
driven piles do.
● Concrete is poured into shell.
● Less invasive (dont serve vibrations and noise as ● Allow for load distribution
driven piles)
● More resistant to nature disasters. through friction.
 SCREW
FRICTION-BEARING
PILES
PILES

● Made of steel and work kind of like driven piles. ● Distribute weight along their entire surface
● The screwed of the pile will decrease noise through friction.
pollution. ● In the case of friction-bearing piles, the longer the
● Screw piles incredibly versatile, can employed in pile, the more load it can manage because it has
l virtually any type of soil. more surface area.
 END-BEARING
1
PILES
The end-bearing piles are
driven into the ground
such that the bottom end Mars
tip of the pile rests at the
intermediate layer
between weak and strong
soil layers

2 End-bearing piles act as a 3

column and transfer the The bearing capacity of
load coming from the such a pile can be easily
superstructure to the determined by multiplying
underlying soil the area of the bottom tip
of the pile and the bearing
capacity at that particular
depth of soil where it rests
 SHEET PILES

Piles are long and flat, often

bent in either a Z or a U shape Can be
to increase strength and load
distribution.
temporary or
permanent.

Used as
environmental
Installed in a connected line, barrier walls,
often with some form of
interlocking mechanism built
retaining walls,
right into them. breakwaters and
support excavation.
FACTOR OF PILING
SELECTION 
THE FACTORS OF PILING SELECTION:

▪ Soil conditions
▪ Loads from structures
▪ Performance
▪ Number of piles to be used
▪ Cost of construction
SOIL CONDITION

▪ The ability of a soil to perform within the constraints of land use and
ecosystems, sustain biological productivity, uphold environmental
health, and advance plant, animal, and human health is known as soil
condition.
LOADS FROM STRUCTURE

▪ An application of force, distortion, or acceleration to structural parts

is known as a structural load or structural action.
▪ A load affects a structure by causing stress, deformation, and
displacement. An engineering subject known as structural analysis
examines how loads affect structures and structural components.
PERFORMANCE

▪ For the duration of the construction, the piling foundation must

function as intended.
▪ Performance can be expressed in terms of structural displacements,
which can damage a structure just as much as a pile failure would.
The deterioration of the pile material shouldn't cause the load
capacity to decrease over time.
NUMBER OF PILES TO BE USED

▪ To provide stability against lateral forces, it is necessary to have at least

three capped piles (with the exception of caisson piles).
▪ The weight of a load-bearing wall or of close-centered columns can be
distributed to a row of piles using capping beams.
COST OF CONSTRUCTION 

• Relative cost becomes a key factor once a pile type meets

all other requirements. Comparing the pile cost per load capacity
may be sufficient for comparing different pile kinds.

• The clear absence of some pile types may result from a comparison

of unit capacity costs. All costs associated with and reliant upon the
pile foundation should be considered in the cost analysis.

• They might consist of pressure-relief mechanisms that lower uplift

pressures and hence regulate pile loads. 
 ANSWER THE QUESTION
1) Write down TWO main types of piling.
- End Bearing Piles
- Friction piles

2) Which types of piling that workers can fill in with poured concrete?
- Bored Piles

3) How many types of piling?

a. 6
b. 8
c. 9
d. 7
4) Which piles are common in offshore project?
a. Steel piles
b. Timber piles
c. Screwed piles
d. Concrete piles

5) How many main step that usually used in driven pile?

a. 1
b. 2
c. 4
d. 7
6) What is the method of piling that work kind of like driven piles?
- Cast in place pile
7) What method of piling that work kind of like driven piles?
a. Screw piles
b. Cast in place pile
c. Sheet piles
d. Friction-bearing piles

8) How many factors pf piling selection ?

e. 1
f. 4
g. 6
h. 5
9) List TWO factors of piling selection.
- Soil condition/ loads from structures/ performance/ number of piles to be used/
cost of construction

10) What is the factor that affects a structure by causing stress, deformation and
displacement?
a. Loads from structure
b. Soil conditions
c. Performance
d. Cost of construction
That’s all
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