The Stefan-Boltzmann

Law
By Josef Stefan in 1877
 Statement
It states that total amount of luminosity per unit area from a body is
directly proportional to the fourth power of its temperature.

The Power of a STAR is called its luminosity.

 p  P  T 4  surface area
 2
m  
T4 4
P
P  AT
4
2
 T
m Where P = L

4 2 (Luminosity of a STAR)
P  T  m
 4
P  AT
Stars are just about spherical.
The formula for the surface area of a sphere

surface area  4r 2

2 4
P  4r T
Where σ is Stefan’s constant (5.67 x 10-8 Wm-2K-4)
 Calculating with Stefan’s Law
The Sun has surface temperature of 5800K. It’s radius is 6.96 x
108m. Calculate its power output.
( the Stefan constant is 5.67 x 10-8 Wm-2K-4)

The Sun like all stars is an almost spherical black body so:

P  4r 2T 4
P= 4π (6.96 x 108)2 x 5.67 x 10-8 x 58004
P = 3.91 x 1026W
 Calculating with Stefan’s Law
A star has a surface temperature of 4800K. Its power output is known to be
3.2 x 1028 Watts. Calculate its radius

P  4r 2T 4
3.2  10 28
r
2 P 4 (5.7  10 8 )  4800 4
r 
4T 4

P Compare this with the radius of the

r 4 Sun
4T r= 9.2 x 109m
Wien’s Displacement
Law
By Wilhelm Wien in 1893
 Statement
• Wien’s displacement Law states that the black body radiation
curve for different temperatures will peak at
different wavelengths that are inversely proportional to the
temperature.

• b is a constant of proportionality called Wien's

displacement constant, equal to 2.89×10−3 m⋅K
Thank You

Done by –
Sarvesh Patil