TOPIC 8

Practices of Islamic Management Operations

 Islamic Management Operation:
Principles and Practices

1) Leaders
2) Authority
3) Responsibility
4) Delegation of Power
5) Chain of Command
 Leaders
 The major attributes of leader is the sense of
responsibility and empathy.
 Besides, the major role of a leader is the motivation

of his/her followers – workers satisfaction.

 Moral bases of Leadership:

 Iman, Islam and Taqwa.

 Justice, trust, righteousness, the struggle towards

self-improvement and keeping promises.

 Authority

 Authority is the power which is legitimized within

specific social context.
 Is the power that allows certain people to exert
influence by virtue of their position in the hierarchy
of an organization.
 The Qur`an further teaches that legitimate human
power and authority exists for one and only one
function: to "establish regular prayers and
practice regular charity and enjoin the right and
forbid the wrong..." (22:41).
 It is significant that the words for right and wrong (ma`ruf
and munkar) refer in the first place to what is universally
approved or disproved by human nature when it has not
been perverted.
 Religion itself is viewed in the Qur`an as the religion of the
true (uncorrupted) nature (fitrah) of man, a knowledge of
which is ingrained in human beings (30:30-31, 91:7-10,
95:4-8).
 If, however, a person knows that there is no one else
qualified to do a particular job except himself, and that if he
does not come forward to take it, public interests will be
damaged, he should come forward.
 Authority in Islam
 Authority in Islam is limited within
framework of Muslim and the interest of the
organization.
 Limited by the culture of participative
decision making, includes better quality and
better productivity.
 Is balanced by the process of enjoining what is

right and forbidding what is wrong.

 Responsibility
 Responsibility is an obligation to do
something with the expectation of a certain
result.
 Everyone is responsible for what is under his

authority.
 Manager responsible for accomplishing
certain result and must have power to use
resources to achieve those results.
 Delegation of Power
 Delegation is the act of giving a subordinate the
authority to complete a certain task or project.
 Authority is necessary for the completion of any
activity, making delegation an inevitable act.
 Accountability is also delegated together with
authority, while the person delegated has the
obligation to finish the job within the specific time,
quality, and cost, that is while he/she is responsible
for completing the job with certain specific standards,
the manager is not spared from the responsibility.
 Advantages of Delegation
 The main advantage of delegation is
efficiency.
 Save time.

 Improve the quality of the performance –

closer the job, and thus know it better, are

allowed to make decision.
 Give the subordinates a leadership training

that he/she need – making new leaders.

 Learn to trust capabilities.
 Chain of Command
 Organizational structure is the formal
arrangement of task, responsibilities and
authority.
 It provides the configuration of pattern of jobs

and groups of job.

 This is the way to make chain of command.

 The most common structures are territorial,

functional, project/project structures, in

addition to matrix structure.