Multimedia

(CoSc4151– 6ECTS)

Department of Computer Science

Institute of Technology
Ambo University

Almaz Kisi (Lecturer, MSc.)

Email:- toleshee2015@gmail.com

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 Course Objective

 At the end of the course, students should:

 Understand the basic concepts of multimedia

 Understand where and how to use multimedia systems

 Design different kinds of multimedia systems

 Write different kinds of code that are used in Multimedia

Applications/perform multimedia functions

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 What do you think about Multi Media?

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 Chapter One
Introduction to multimedia system
• What is multimedia? two perspectives
• In terms of what multimedia is all about:- refers to
• Storage: Physically storing information/data types on magnetic tape, hard disk, CD, DVD etc.)
• Transmission: sending and receiving information by the means of communication networks.
• Presentation: physical means(Speaker, monitor/displaying units etc) to reproduce information to
the user.
• Representation: Describe information in abstract form electronically
• perception: describes the nature of information as perceived by the user. Such as speech, music,
film etc.
• Based on the word "Multimedia“:
• Multi: refers to multiple/many
• Media: is a tools used as a medium of communication such as newspaper ,radio and television.
Or source which something transmitted or carried on
***system which integrates all types of data such as text, image, audio, video and animation.
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 Cont…

General definition :-time based text,graphics,images

• Multimedia is the field concerned with the computer controlled
integration of text, graphics, drawings, and moving images (video),
animation, and any other media where every type of information can be
represented, stored, transmitted, and processed digitally.

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 Cont…

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 What is Multimedia Application?

• It is an application which uses a collection of multiple media sources e.g. text,

graphics, images, sound/audio, animation and/or video.
• For example if the computer you are using display teaching materials that is
capable of flashing text and beeping when there is a problem.
• is already a multimedia product which combines text and sound.

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 Multimedia and Hypermedia

Hypertext Hypermedia
• Hypertext: is a text which contains • Hypermedia can be considered as one of
links to other texts the multimedia applications.
• Or text with links to other text • is not constrained to be text-based. It
can include other media, e.g., graphics,
images, and especially the continuous
media - sound and video.

• E.gg WWW.

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 History of Multimedia
1. Newspaper: perhaps the first mass communication medium, uses text, graphics, and
images.
2. Motion pictures: conceived in the 1830s in order to observe motion too rapid for
perception by the human eye.
3. Wireless radio transmission: Gugliemo Marconi, at Pontecchio, Italy, in 1895.
4. Television: the new medium for the 20th century, established video as a commonly
available medium and has since changed the world of mass communications.
5. The connection between computers and ideas about multimedia covers what is only
a short period: In 1945 -- Vannevar Bush wrote a landmark article describing a
hypermedia system called Memex.

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 History of Multimedia
Reading Assignment

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 የተቀናጀ
Characteristics of a Multimedia System
• Multimedia systems must be computer controlled
• Multimedia systems are integrated(የተቀናጀ)
• The information they handle must be represented digitally
• The interface to the final presentation of media is usually interactive
Challenges for Multimedia Systems
• Real-time communications
• Delay < 0.4 sec in a video conference
• Sequencing (ቅዳም ተክተል)within the media (time/order frame in the video)
• Synchronization(ማመሳስል) (e.g., between video & audio)
• Robustness to transmission error(የማስተላለፊያ ስህተት ጥንካሬ)

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ተፈላጊ ህሪዎች
Desirable Features(ተፈላጊ ባህሪዎች ) for a Multimedia System
• Very High Processing Power
• For Large data processing and real time delivery of media needs Special hardware
• Multimedia Capable File System
• Special Hardware/Software needed
• Data Representations/File formats that support multimedia
• should be easy to handle yet allow for compression/decompression in real-time
• Efficient and High I/O
• Input and output to the file subsystem needs to be efficient and fast.
• Storage and Memory
• Large storage units (of the order of 50 -100 Gb or more) and large memory (50 -100 Mb
or more).
• Network Support
• Software Tools
• User friendly tools needed to handle media, design and develop applications, deliver
media.
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 Application
• World Wide Web
• Video conferencing
• Interactive TV
• Games
• Virtual reality (the creation of artificial environment that you can explore, e.g. 3-D images
etc)
• Electronic News papers/Magazines
• Groupware (enabling groups of people to collaborate on projects and share
information)
• Distributed lectures for higher education
• Tele-Medicine
• Digital Libraries
• Digital video editing and production systems
• Multimedia Database systems

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 Components of a Multimedia System
• Software components
Macromedia Flash, Macromedia
3Ds Max, Log Motion
Director and Macromedia Microsoft word, word perfect, notepad etc
Authorware.

Macromedia Fireworks, Adobe

Photoshop
Omni Pro, perceiver

Macromedia Freehand,
CorelDraw, Illustrator
sound forge

Adobe Premier, Deskshare, Video editing magic, Videoshop

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 Digital Audio
• Digital Audio tools deal with accessing and editing the actual sampled sounds
that make up audio:
• Adobe Audition (formerly Cool Edit Pro)
• A very powerful and popular digital audio toolkit; emulates a professional
audio studio --- multitrack productions and sound editing including digital
signal processing effects.

• Pro Tools
A high-end integrated audio production and editing environment | MIDI
creation and manipulation powerful audio mixing, recording, and editing
software.
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 Graphics and Image/Photo Editing
• Adobe Illustrator
• A powerful publishing tool from Adobe.
• Uses vector graphics; graphics can be exported to Web.
• Adobe Photoshop
• “Standard” image processing and manipulation tool.
• Allows layers of images, graphics, and text that can be separately
manipulated for maximum flexibility.

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 Video Editing
• Adobe Premiere
• An intuitive, simple video editing tool for nonlinear editing, i.e., putting
video clips into any order: Video and audio are arranged in \tracks".
• Provides a large number of video and audio tracks, superimpositions, and
virtual clips.
• A large library of built-in transitions, filters and motions for clips ) effective
multimedia productions with little effort.
• Final Cut Pro
• A video editing tool by Apple; Mac only.

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 Rendering(ማቅረብ) and Animation
• Autodesk 3ds Max
• Rendering tool that includes a number of very high-end professional tools for
character animation, game development, and visual effects production.
• Autodesk Maya
• End-to-end creative workflow with comprehensive tools for animation,
modeling, simulation, visual effects, rendering, match moving, and
compositing on a highly extensible production platform.

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 Multimedia Authoring
• Adobe Flash
• Allows users to create interactive movies by using the score metaphor, i.e., a
timeline arranged in parallel event sequences.
• Adobe Director
• Uses a movie metaphor to create interactive presentations
• Very powerful and includes a built-in scripting language, Lingo, that allows
the creation of complex interactive movies
• Authorware (used to be popular; but discontinued from 2003)
• A mature, well-supported authoring product based on the Iconic/Flow-
control metaphor

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 Components of a Multimedia System
Hardware Components
• 1) Memory and storage devices
• RAM
• Storage Devices-Floppy Disk/Hard Disk/CD/DVD:
• 2) Input and output devices
• interact with the system-keyboard, mouse, track ball, or touch screen, etc.
• InformationEntryDevices:OCR/GraphicalTablets/Digitizer/Microphones/
Digital Camera and Video Camera .
• Output Devices-Speaker/Projector/Plotter/printer.
• 3) Network devices
• Modem:
• Integrated Services Digital Network
• Cable modem
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 Advantages/Disadvantages of Multimedia 
• Advantages of Multimedia

-It is very user-friendly. It doesn’t take much energy out of the user, in the sense that you can
sit and watch the presentation, you can read the text and hear the audio.
-  It is multi sensorial. It uses a lot of the user’s senses while making use of multimedia, for
example hearing, seeing and talking.
-  It is integrated and interactive. All the different mediums are integrated through the
digitization process. Interactivity is heightened by the possibility of easy feedback.
-  It is flexible. Being digital, this media can easily be changed to fit different situations and
audiences.
-   It can be used for a wide variety of audiences, ranging from one person to a whole group.

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 Cont….
• Disadvantages of Multimedia

- Information overload. Because it is so easy to use, it can contain too much information at
once.
-   It takes time to compile. Even though it is flexible, it takes time to put the original draft
together.
-   It can be expensive. As mentioned in one of my previous posts, multimedia makes use of a
wide range of resources, which can cost you a large amount of money.
-  Too much makes it unpractical. Large files like video and audio has an effect of the time it
takes for your presentation to load. Adding too much can mean that you have to use a larger
computer to store the files.

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 n e
e r O
h apt
of C
End

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