Basic Life Support

BASIC LIFE SUPPORT

Basic Life Support

●Basic life support (BLS) is the level of medical

ca re which is used for the victims of life-
threatening illnesses or injuries until they can be
given full m edical care at a hospital.
●Basic life support consists of a number of life-sa
ving techniques
●BLS generally does not include the use of drugs
or invasive skills
 BACKGROUND
Basic Life Support

● BLS vital inte rvention be fore arrival of

emergency services can dou b le or
triple s the survival rate from sudde n
cardiac arrest

●Early and prompt resuscitation (within 1-

2 minutes) can result in m o re t h a n 60%
survival rate.
 OBJECTIVES
Basic Life Support

● How to assess the collapsed

victim
● How
to perform chest
compression and rescue breathing
 Assessment of collapsed victim
appropriate for BLS
Basic Life Support

❖ Loss of consciousness
❖ Unresponsiveness

❖No breathing
❖No pulse
 BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
Basic Life Support

C irc ulation

A irw ay

B
reathing (C A B )
Basic Life Support

CHAIN OF SURVIVAL
 Approach safely
Basic Life Support

Check
response Shout
for help Open
airway Check
breathing
Call 108
ambulance
30 chest
compressions
2 rescue breaths
 1. APPROACH SAFELY!
Basic Life Support

Approach safely
S cene Check
response
Rescuer
Shout for help
Open airway
V ic t im
Check breathing
Call 112
Bys t a n d e r
30 chest
s compressions
2 rescue breaths
Basic Life Support

Approach safely
Check
response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 977
30 chest
compressions
2 rescue breaths
 2. CHECK RESPONSE
Basic Life Support

•Shake shoulders gently

Ask “Are you all right?”
If he responds
• Leave as you find him.
• Find out what is wrong.
• Reassess regularly.
Basic Life Support

Approach safely
Check
response
Shout for help
Open airway
Check breathing
Call 977
30 chest
compressions
2 rescue breaths
Basic Life Support

Approach safely
Check
response Shout
for help Open
airway Check
breathing Call
977
30 chest
compressions
2 rescue breaths
 OPEN AIRWAY
Basic Life Support

● Head tilt and chin

lift
●No need for finger s
weep unless solid ma
terial can be seen in
t he airway
 AIRWAY OPENING BY
NECK EXTENSION
pport

● Neck extension
u
S
e
f
i
L
c
i
s
a
B

Campbell
Basic Life Support

Approach safely
Check
response Shout
for help Open
airway Check
breathing Call
977
30 chest
compressions
2 rescue breaths
Basic Life Support

●Look, listen and

feel for NORMAL
breathing

●Do not confuse

agonal breathing
with NORMAL
breathing
 AGONAL BREATHING
Basic Life Support

●Described as barely, heavy, noisy

or gasping breathing
● Recognise as a sign of cardiac
arrest
Basic Life Support

Approach safely
Check
response Shout
for help Open
airway Check
breathing
Call 108 ambulance
30 chest
compressions
2 rescue breaths
Basic Life Support

Approach safely
Check
response Shout
for help Open
airway Check
breathing
Call 108
ambulance
30 chest
compressions
2 rescue breaths
 PUSH HARD
PUSH FAST •
Basic Life Support

Place the heel of one hand in

the centre of the chest
• Place other hand on top
• Interlock fingers
• Compress the chest
– Rate 100 min-1
– Depth 4-5 cm
– Equal compression :
relaxation
•
When possible change CPR
operator every 2 min
Basic Life Support

Approach safely
Check
response Shout
for help Open
airway Check
breathing
Call 108 ambulance
30 chest
compressions
2 rescue breaths
Basic Life Support

● Pinch the nose

● Take a normal breath
● Place
lips over
mouth
● Blow until the chest
rises
● Take about 1 second
● Allow chest to fall
● Repeat
 Basic Life Support
30

CONTINUE CPR
2
Basic Life Support
 Approach safely
Basic Life Support

Check
response Shout
for help Open
airway Check
breathing
Call 108
ambulance
30 chest
compressions
2 rescue breaths
 When to Stop CPR?
Basic Life Support

● Victim revives
● Trained help arrives
● Too ex h a u s te d to c o n t i n u e
●C a rd i a c arre st o f lon g er
th a n 3 0 m i n u te s
 Injuries Related to CPR
Basic Life Support

● R i b f ra c t ure s
●L a ce ra t i o n related to the
tip of t h e sternum,liver,
l u n g , sple en
Basic Life Support