Uses of Remote Sensing in

hydrogeology
Presents by
(1)Mg Yadanar Shine
(2)Ma Nyein Su Zaya
(3)Mg Oak Kar Kyaw
Outlines
 Introduction

 Type of water resources

 Roles of GIS and Remote Sensing

 What is remote sensing

 Type of satellites

 Sensors and Platforms

 Summary And Conclusion

Introduction
 Water is essentially needed for living-things on the world

 Water lies under the earth’s surface as the available sources

 Water occurs in many types of geologic formations these known as aquifers are the

most importance

 Water will be found as underground water and surface water

Introduction
 Groundwater is an important source of water supply throughout the world

 It is used in irrigation, industries, municipalities, and rural homes continuous to

increase

 Water will fundamentally supply for human survival and wellbeing

Type of water resources

 There are two types of water resources

(1)Surface Water resources

(2)Groundwater resources
Surface Water
 Surface Water resources includes ponds, lakes, streams, rivers and inns

 Surface Water collects on the ground or in a stream, river, lake, reservoir, or ocean

 Surface Water is constantly evaporating out of water bodies, seeping into ground water

supplies, and being replenished by rain and snow

 A spring is where ground water comes to the surface and becomes surface water
Groundwater
 Groundwater is a precious and the most widely distributed resources of the earth and
unlike any other mineral resources
 Groundwater is located below the surface of the earth in spaces between rock and soil
 Groundwater is a critical source of drinking water and a key resources for agriculture,
industry and natural ecosystems
 It is the largest source of fresh water on the planet excluding the polar icecaps and
glaciers
 Groundwater is stored in and moves slowly through geologic formations of soil, sand
and rocks called aquifers
Roles of GIS and Remote Sensing

 The use of Geographic Information Systems(GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) data
methods are well suited for measuring, monitoring , evalution and managing water
availability to find a suitable approach for water management , which can provide
sufficient fresh water for lives on earth

 GIS has become a useful and important tool in the field of hydrology to study and
manageEarth’s water resources
Roles of GIS and Remote Sensing
 Satellite remote sensing provides on apportunity for better observation and more systematic
analysis of various geomorphic units, lineament features, following the integration with the
help of Geographical Information System to demarcate the groundwater potential zones
What is Remote Sensing (or Earth Observation) ?
 Science of obtaining information about objects or areas from a distance,
typically from aircraft or satellites

Source:
https://geospatialmedia.s3.amazonaws.com/wpcontent/uploads/2017/07/satellite-
remote-sensing.jpg
 Applications of Remote Sensing

 Forest-monitoring the health of crops, mapping soil moisture

 Hydrology-Assessing water resources from snow, rainfall and underground aquifers .

 Disaster-Monitoring of floods and landslides, monitoring volcanic activity,assessing

damage zones from natural disasters. Forecasting weather to warn about natural
disasters

 Geology - Extracting mineral deposits with hyperspectral remote sensing

 Classification of Remote Sensing
Classification based on region of
Classification based on Platform
electromagnetic spectrum
 Airborne remote sensing  Optical Remote Sensing
 (Airplane, Drone, etc.,)  Photographic remote sensing
 Space-borne remote sensing (Landsat,  Thermal remote sensings
MODIS , GEOEYE, etc..)
 Microwave remote sensing

Classification based on number of

Classification based on Energy Source bands
 Active remote sensing  Panchromatic remote sensing
 Passive remote sensing
 Multispectral remote sensing

 Hyper spectral remote sensing

What kinds of satellites are operated ?
 . Transferring information: Communication
Technology
Communication satellites, Broadcasting
satellites

 . Defining positions: Navigation technology

Global positioning satellites

 . Measuring objects: Remote sensing

technology
Earth observation satellites
Types of satellites
 Open data satellite

 Commercial satellite

 Weather satellite

 Geodesy satellite

 Ocean satellite
Open Data satellite

 Landsat

 Sentinel

 Terra
Commercial Satellites

 Worldview

 PlanetScope

 SPOT
 RADARSAT

 Quickbird

 RapidEye

 GeoEye
Weather Satellites

 Tropical Rainfall Measuring

Mission (TRMM)

 National Oceanic and

Atmospheric Administration
Satellite (NOAA)
Geodesy Satellites
 Global Navigation Satellite
System (GNSS)

 Shuttle Radar Topography

Mission (SRTM)
Geodesy Satellites

 Gravity Recovery and Climate

Experiment (Grace)

 Advanced Land Observation

Satellite (ALOS)
Satellites for Oceans

 SeaStar (Orbview-2)

 IceSAT
 Sensors and Platforms

 Sensor-A device that records Electromagnetic Energy

 Platform - Carrier bed used to carry a sensor

Two main type of Remote Sensing Sensors

 Active sensors provide their own energy source for illumination (Ex: Radar, Camera
with flash light)

 Passive sensors measure energy that is naturally available (Ex : camera without flash
light, depends on solar energy)
Two main type of Remote Sensing Sensors
 Resolution Types
 Spatial resolution specifies the pixel size of satellite images covering the earth
surface.

 Temporal resolution specifies the revisiting frequency of a satellite sensor for a

specific location.

 Spectral resolution species the number of spectral bands inwhich the sensor can
collect reflected radiance.

 Radiometric resolution_refers to how much information is in a pixel and is

expressed in units of bits.
 Summary And Conclusion
 Water is essentially needed for living-things on the world
 Water will be found as underground water and surface water
 Groundwater is an important source of water supply throughout the world
 It is used in irrigation, industries, municipalities, and rural homes continuous to increase

 There are two types of water resources (1)Surface Water resources (2)Groundwater
resources
 Remote Sensing is a science of obtaining information about objects or areas from a
distance, typically from aircraft or satellites
 Types of satellites (1) Open data satellite (2) Commercial satellite (3)Weather satellite (4)
Geodesy satellite (5) Ocean satellite
Thanks for your Attention