Cloud

Technology
Cloud Technology – Overview

 Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services—including servers, storage,

databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence—over the Internet
(“the cloud”)
 Firm pays only for cloud services you use, helping…
WHAT IS THE CLOUD?
WHEN DID THE CLOUD COME ABOUT?
 Cloud Technology – Benefits
 Eliminates Cost
 Capital expense of buying hardware and software and setting up, running on-site datacenters—the racks of
servers, 24/7 electricity for power and cooling, and IT experts for managing the infrastructure.
 Speed and Flexibility
 Vast amounts of computing resources can be provisioned in minutes giving businesses flexibility and taking
the pressure off capacity planning.
 Security
 Cloud providers offer a broad set of policies, technologies, and controls to protect your data, apps, and
infrastructure from potential threats.
 Ability to scale elastically
 Delivering the right amount of IT resources e.g. computing power, storage, bandwidth—right when they’re
needed, and from the right geographic location.
 Performance
 Cloud computing services run on a worldwide network of secure datacenters, which are regularly upgraded
to the latest generation of fast and efficient computing hardware.
 Reliability
 Data backup, disaster recovery, and business continuity easier and less expensive because data can be
mirrored at multiple redundant sites on the cloud provider’s network.
Cloud Technology – Role of IT

 As Cloud Computing is growing, the role of IT staff is consistently changing.

 The new roles of IT specialists are those of coordinator and broker.
 IT staff will need to possess skills. Some employees might need further training.

The shift in IT and analytics providers is toward the knowledge worker.

 Cloud Technology – Virtualisation

 Technology that makes cloud work.

 This includes some form of virtualized IT infrastructure—servers, operating system
software, networking, and other infrastructure using special software, so that it
can be pooled and divided irrespective of physical hardware boundaries.
 For example, a single hardware server can be divided into multiple virtual servers.
 Virtualisation enables cloud providers to make maximum use of their data center
resources.
 Companies have adopted the cloud delivery model for their on-
premises infrastructure so they can realize maximum utilization and cost
savings vs. traditional IT infrastructure and offer the same self-service and agility
to their end-users.
WHAT ARE THE ORIGINS OF THE CLOUD?

VIRTUALISATION
 Cloud Technology – Virtualisation

 Enables cloud providers to make maximum use of their data center resources.
 Companies have adopted the cloud delivery model for their on-
premises infrastructure so they can realize maximum utilization and cost savings vs.
traditional IT infrastructure and offer the same self-service and agility to their end-
users.
 E.g. use a computer or mobile device at home or at work, you almost certainly use
some form of cloud computing every day, whether it’s a cloud application like
Google Gmail or Salesforce, streaming media like Netflix, or cloud file storage like
Dropbox.
 According to a recent survey (IBM) 92% of organizations use cloud today and most
of them plan to use it more within the next year.
 Cloud Technology – Containers

 Lighter-weight, more agile way of handling virtualization.

 Faster resource provisioning and speedier availability of new applications. 
 Rather than spinning up an entire virtual machine containers help to run a single
application.
 Leverage features of the host operating system to isolate processes and control
the processes’ access to CPUs, memory and desk space.
 Provide flexibility and portability needed to handle the many software
environments of modern IT.  E.g. firm may deploy private cloud today – change to
public cloud tomorrow.
 Cloud Formations
 Owned and operated by a third-party cloud service providers deliver
their computing resources, like servers and storage, over the Internet.
Public Cloud. E.g.
Microsoft Azure  All hardware, software, and other supporting infrastructure is owned and
managed by the cloud provider.
 Services are accessed and account managed using a web browser.

 Cloud computing resources used exclusively by a single business or

Private Cloud organization.
 Can be physically located on the company’s on-site datacenter.
 Some companies also pay third-party service providers to host their
private cloud. Services and infrastructure are maintained on a private
network.
 Combine public and private clouds, bound by technology.
 Allows data and applications to be shared between them.
Hybrid Cloud
 Gives your business greater flexibility, more deployment options, and
helps optimize your existing infrastructure, security,. and compliance
CLOUD DEPLOYMENT MODELS - USAGE
Breakdown of cloud types used for all organizations
 Cloud Technology – Building Blocks

 Comprised of a front end and a back end.

 These two elements are connected through a network, usually the Internet.
 The front end is the vehicle by which the user interacts with the system;
 the back end is the cloud itself.
 The front end is composed of a client computer, or the computer network of an
enterprise, and the applications used to access the cloud.
 The back end provides the applications, computers, servers, and data storage that
creates the cloud of services.
Cloud Technology – Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM)

 Program on a host system that lets one computer support multiple, identical
execution environments.
 From the user’s point of view the system is a self-contained computer which is
isolated from other users.
 Every user is being served by the same machine.
 A virtual machine is one operating system (OS) that is managed by an underlying
control program, allowing it to appear to be multiple operating systems.
 In cloud computing, VMM allows users to monitor and thus manage aspects of
the process such as data access, data storage, encryption, addressing, topology,
and workload movement.
Cloud Technology – Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM)
Cloud Technology – Layers that cloud provides

The cloud concept is built on layers, each providing a distinct level of functionality. 
 Cloud Technology – Types (1/2)
 Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
 Basic category of cloud computing services.
 With IaaS, you rent IT infrastructure—servers and virtual machines (VMs), storage, networks, operating systems—
from a cloud provider on a pay-as-you-go basis.

 Platform as a service (PaaS)

 Supply an on-demand environment for developing, testing, delivering, and managing software applications.
 Designed to make it easier for developers to quickly create web or mobile apps, without worrying about setting up
or managing the underlying infrastructure of servers, storage, network, and databases needed for development.

 Software as a service (Saas)

 Method for delivering software applications over the Internet, on demand and typically on a subscription basis.
 With SaaS, cloud providers host and manage the software application and underlying infrastructure, and handle
any maintenance, like software upgrades and security patching.
 Users connect to the application over the Internet, usually with a web browser on their phone, tablet, or PC.
 Cloud Technology – Types (2/2)
 Serverless computing
 Overlapping with PaaS, serverless computing focuses on building app functionality without spending time
continually managing the servers and infrastructure required.
 Cloud provider handles the setup, capacity planning, and server management for you.
 Serverless architectures are highly scalable and event-driven, only using resources when a specific function or
trigger occurs.

 Metal as a service (MaaS)

 It lets you treat physical servers like virtual machines in the cloud.
 Rather than having to manage each server individually, MAAS turns your bare metal into an elastic cloud-like
resource.
 Perfect for high performance computing (HPC).
Cloud Technology – Services Management
Cloud Technology – Applications

 Anything that involves storing and processing huge volumes of data

at high speeds—and requires more storage and computing capacity
than most organizations can or want to purchase and deploy on-
premises.

 E.g. big data, internet of things (IOT), AI (machine learning).

 Cloud Technology – Focus on Business Outcomes

 Use of cloud technologies could unlock digital and analytics capabilities across

industries.

 Each cloud initiative needs to have specific business value attached to it and not just
be limited to IT efficiency.

 CIOs and CTOs will need support from management to implement an agile funding
models that explicitly tie new releases of funding to quantify value delivered from
the transformation.

 A new cloud initiative should have a specific goal, both as it relates to return on
investment and value delivered e.g. patient/member experience.

 Key driver of this value -

 more effectively innovate (e.g. new use cases in analytics, IoT, and automation),
 digitize (e.g. stakeholder journey transformation), and realize their strategic objectives.
WHO ARE THE DIFFERENT CLOUD VENDORS?
Cloud Technology – A new revolution

 Cloud computing can provide organizations with the means and

methods needed to ensure financial stability and high-quality
service.

 Must be global cooperation if the cloud computing process is to

attain optimal security and general operational standards.

 With cloud computing t is imperative for us all to be ready for the

revolution.