PLANETARY SYSTEM TIMELINE
ARISTOTLE
PLATO ( 428BC – 348)
RETROGADE MOTION
- actual or apparent motion of a
body in a direction opposite to
that of the (direct) motions of
most members of the solar
system or of other astronomical
systems with a preferred
direction of motion.
EUDOXUS (C395-390BC)
His model composed of 27 concentric
spheres with Earth as the center. The
Sun, the Moon, the planets, and the
fixed stars have spheres. Each sphere
is attached to a larger sphere through a
pole. The rotation of the spheres on
their poles once every 24 hours
accounts for the daily rotation of the
heavens.  and even Copernicus believes in it
(C384BC – C322BC)
CIRCULAR PLANETARY
MOTION
Aristotle believes that the objects in the
heavens are perfect and unchanging.
Since he believes that the only eternal
 motion is circular with a constant
speed, the motions of the planets must
be circular. This comes to be called "The
Principle of Uniform Circular Motion"
PTOLEMY
(C100AD – C 170AD)
PTOLEMAIC MODEL
The Ptolemaic model accounted for
the apparent motions of the planets
in a very direct way, by assuming
that each planet moved on a small
sphere or circle, called an epicycle,
that moved on a larger sphere or
circle, called a deferent. The stars, it
was assumed, moved on a celestial
sphere around the outside of the
planetary spheres.
ARISTARCHUS
(C310BC-C320BC)
HELIOCENTRIC PRINCIPLE
He was first proponent of the
concept called Heliocentric
principle. Helios which means
“Sun” and centric means
“center of.” This proposal
came in because he noticed
the motion of sun and moon
with respect to Earth.