SCOLIOSIS

Tbilisi State Medical University

Gvantsa Nakashidze
What is Scoliosis
Scoliosis is a condition in which a person's spine has a
sideways curve. The curve is usually "S"- or "C"-shaped
over three dimensions.

In some, the degree of curve is stable, while in others,

it increases over time. Mild scoliosis does not typically
cause problems, but more severe cases can affect
breathing and movement. Pain is usually present in
adults, and can worsen with age.
 The term ,,Scoliosis” is from Ancient Greek, which means "a
bending". Scoliosis occurs in about 3% of people. It most
commonly develops between the ages of ten and twenty.
Females typically are more severely affected than males with
a ratio of 4:1.

Scoliosis is a type of spinal deformity. Spinal curvature from

scoliosis may occur on the right or left side of the spine, or on
both sides in different sections. Both the thoracic (mid) and
lumbar (lower) spine may be affected by scoliosis.
 What are the common types of scoliosis?

The largest category of scoliosis is idiopathic scoliosis, a term

used to refer to cases that have no definite cause. Idiopathic
scoliosis is broken down by age group:

 Infant: 0 to 3 years

 Juvenile: 4 to 10 years

 Adolescent: 11 to 18 years

 Adult: 18+ years

Of these, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common

Scoliosis can also be caused by congenital, neurological, or

nonstructural.
Degrees of Scoliosis

o Mild Scoliosis (MS) - Curve is less than 25 degrees

o Moderate Scoliosis (MoS) - Spinal curve is 26-40 degrees

o Severe Scoliosis (SS) - Spinal curve is above 40 degrees

 What are the symptoms of scoliosis?

 uneven hips

 a rotating spine

 problems breathing

 back pain

Symptoms that are not commonly associated with idiopathic

scoliosis are back pain, leg pain, and changes in bowel and
bladder habits.
How is scoliosis diagnosed?

A physical exam of your spine is the first step your doctor

takes to see if you have scoliosis. Your doctor may also order
some imaging tests to get a closer look at your spine.

• X-ray: During this test, small amounts of radiation are

used to create a picture of your spine.
• MRI scan: This test uses radio and magnetic waves to get a
detailed picture of bones and the tissue surrounding them.
• CT scan: During this test, X-rays are taken at a variety of
angles to get a 3-D picture of the body.
• Bone scan: This test detects a radioactive solution injected
into your blood that concentrates in areas of increased
circulation, highlighting spinal abnormalities.
What are the treatment options for scoliosis?

Treatment methods are different depending on the degree of

scoliosis.

1. If the patient have Mild Scoliosis they prescribe

rehabilitation exercises.

2. If the patient have Moderate Scoliosis they prescribe

Individual corset to fix the spine.

3. If the patient have Severe Scoliosis In this case, doctors

perform an operation.
 Who are in the risk groups?

1. people with diseases of the muscles and nervous

2. people with a less mobile lifestyle

3. flexible people with congenital anomalies of the spine

4. People with lower limb diseases and deformities.

Thanks for your attention!