ST.

XAVIER’s COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY

Digha-Aashiyaana Road. Digha Ghat, Patna-800011, Bihar

TOPIC : Evaluation of land reforms in India

COURSE : INDIA’S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SINCE

INDEPENDENCE

Name : Ritika
Year & Semester : 3rd year, 5th sem.
Roll no. : 63
Under the guidance of : Bidya Nand Choudhary Department : BBE
 INDEX
S. NO TITLE PAGE
1 Land Reform 1
2 Objectives of Land Reform 2
3 Problem of Land Holding 3
4 Measures of Land Reform 4
5 1. Abolition of Intermediaries 5
6 2. Tenancy Reform 6
7 3. Reorganisation of Agriculture 9
8 Conclusion 10
9 References 11
10 Thank You 12
 1
LAND REFORM

• Land reform refers to efforts to

reform the ownership and
regulation of land in India.
 2
OBJECTIVE OF LAND REFORM

1. Remove impediments to increase in agri products.

2. Eliminate intermediaries and exploitation
 3
PROBLEMS OF LAND HOLDINGS :
• Presence of highly exploitative intermediaries
• Tenure was insecure
• Exorbitant high rent
• Scattered and small landholdings
• Excessive population burden on agriculture
• Extremely low productivity in agriculture
 4
MEASURES OF LAND REFORM:

1. Abolition of intermediaries
2. Tenancy reforms
3. Reorganisation of agriculture
 5
1. ABOLITION OF INTERMEDIARIES

• Legislature was passed to abolished the zamindars by all

states.
• West Bengal has adopted the legislation in 1954-55.
• This was the step taken by the state Nakshalwari is the district
of West Bengal.
• As a result of conferment the 62 lakh acres of land was allotted
to 36 lakh farmers all over the country.
 6
2. TENANCY REFORMS:
• Regulation of rent
• Security of tenure
• Ownership right of tenants
 7
LAND TENURE
• Land tenure refers to the relationship among people, as
individuals or groups, with respect to land.
• Types of land tenure:
1. Zamindari System : Corn Wallis in 1793 in West Bengal
2. Mahalwari System : William Bentick in Agra Oudh
3. Ryotwari System : Captain Read & Thomas Menro in 1792 in Madras
 8
TYPES OF TENANT
1. Occupancy Tenants : Those tenants whom permanent land was
given for agriculture.
2. Sub Tenants : This is the tenant of the tenant.
3. Tenants at Will : Tenants will be kept according to their
willingness.
 9
3. REORGANISATION OF AGRICULTURE:
• Ceiling on agricultural holdings
• Consolidation of holdings
• Cooperative farming
 10
CONCLUSION
Land reform has a great role in the rural agrarian
economy that is dominated by land and
agriculture. New and innovative land reform
measures should be adopted with new vigour to
eradicate rural poverty.
 11
REFERENCES

• BOOK: S. K. Mishra, V. K. Puri, Indian Economics, Himalaya

Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai-400004, 1983, 26th Edition
 12

THANK YOU