WEAVING AND Ge12- Arts and Humanities

CALIGRAPHY Prof. Antonio L. Cabagui

GROUP 1
TENDOY, JOBEL- BEED
SIMO, ANGEL MAE –BSED
CLEAVEN ASHLEY – BSED
BOLIBOLI, ROXANNE – BSED
DELOS SANTOS CASSEY -BEED
HISTORY OF WEAVING
Weaving: A method in which 2 sets of
fibers are interlaced using weft and warp
at right angles on a loom.
Fibers: materials such as cotton, hemp,
hair, roots, raffia, wool or fur that can be
used to create a rope or strand to weave
with.
Warp
is the set of lengthwise fibers that are held in
tension on a loom.
Weft is the set of fibers that go through the warp.
LOOMS
Loom: A tool used to
hold warp threads so
weft fibers can be
woven. Looms can be
made from anything that
can provide anchors for
warp threads, but
traditionally they are
made of wood.
OTHER EXAMPLE OF LOOMS:
Other Example of Looms:
THINGS THAT ARE
TRADITIONALLY WOVEN
• Clothing
• Rugs
• Baskets
• Tapestries
HISTORY OF WEAVING
• Woven fabrics have been dated as far back as 5000BC.
• Weaving is one of the oldest forms of arts and crafts, but
it didn’t begin as a hobby.
• Early civilizations needed it to provide clothing and
shelter in order to survive.
HISTORY OF WEAVING
• In early civilization, people
were nomads.
• They needed homes that they
knew would be temporary, but
were still secure.
• They used the resources they
found in nature to weave what
supplies they could.
• They also wove walls, doors,
rugs and hammocks.
CLOSE UP OF WEFT AND WARP
OF ROOF
EARLY WOVEN CLOTHING
• Once people began to settle and clothing
started being made for more than simply
survival purposes, it began being created to
• Show Power
• Frighten the Enemy
• Social Approval or Social Status
THE PALEOLITHIC AGE
• 2.6 million years ago, The Paleolithic Age describes a
time when we know man existed, but no written history
is documented.
• There is some evidence that people during this time
used methods of weaving with leaf fibers. Their work
was sturdy enough to last 2.6 million years.
• No evidence of looms
 EGYPT
3600BC
• Flax was the fiber mainly used.
• Flax is a plant that is very fibrous and can be
spun, dyed and knotted.
• Egyptians used it to create linen, very common
to the linens we have today.
• Ancient Egyptians were settled enough as a
society and created arts and crafts for leisure
and trade.
• Some even earned a living becoming masters of
weaving and artistry.
• Looms were used.
BIBLICAL TIMES
2000BC
-As Ancient Egypt began to fall, the Hebrews
began to take rise.
-Their fiber of choice was wool.
- Looms were used and required 2 people to
operate.
-Weavers during this time were not artisans.
-They were often children or slaves.
 THE ISLAMIC WORLD

700AD
- Looms were becoming widespread.
-Became more advanced with the addition of pedals to help operate the machine.
-It was a skilled trade instead of a slave trade.
-Reason for advancement:
-Islamic religion required “the faithful” to be covered from neck to ankle.
-This increased the demand for fabric.
-They needed the highly used machines to be easier to operate.
MEDIEVAL EUROPE – 800SAD
• “A weaver” was a skilled occupation
• It was a craft and provided trade that could
be bought and sold
• Tapestries were popular during this time.
Predominant fibers were
• Wool – For royalty or people of class
• Linen – For the middleclass
• Nettlecloth – For the lower class
 WEAVING IN THE PHILIPPINES
WEAVING COMMUNITIES IN LUZON
The Philippines is an archipelago of more than 7,000 islands and more than a hundred indigenous groups,
many of which practice weaving as part of their culture. For these weaving communities, weaving is culture,
a part of their identity and way of life. 
The Filipino people have a rich and vibrant tradition of producing textiles using a number of different
materials such as 
• Abaca
• Cotton
• Piña
• Silk

Each woven piece expresses the worldview, ideology, belief system, and creativity of the people that make it. 
Abaca
Cotton

Pina

Silk
ILOCOS- Binakul Cordillera- Kalinga
Weaving

Binakul weaving Pinilian weaving

Techniques techniques
Mindoro Island

Weave by Mangyan people

Weaving in Visayas
Panay Island, Western Visayas

Visayan weavers mostly make use of natural

fibers, including those extracted from the leaves of
the red Bisaya pineapple plant, piña. 
WEAVING COMMUNITIES IN
They produce their
MINDANAO ikat abaca cloth they
Eastern Mindanao: Agusan, Bukidnon, and Davao call dagmay,

Eastern Mindanao weavers,

• Agusan Manobo
• the Mandaya
• the Higaonon Manobo
• the Bagobo
• the Kulaman people
Western Mindanao: Zamboanga, Lanao,
Maguindanao

Malong -The Maranao and Maguindanao

both use silk along with cotton for
weaving and add color using aniline dyes.
Textiles produced by these two weaving
communities are sewn into the malong, a
large tubular garment worn by men and
women.
Maranao and Maguindanao Different Kind of Weaving.
Maranao –
Back-strap loom-The backstrap loom is a
very ancient type of weaving device. Although
this loom may pre-date history, it is still in use
today. In primitive societies it provides a weaving
device at very little cost.
 Maguindanao-
Pedal-frame loom-It was a frame loom,
equipped with foot pedals to lift the warp
threads, leaving the weaver's hands free
to pass and beat the weft thread
Timely Clearing After Snowfall ( 快雪時晴帖 )
Wang Xizhi ( 王羲之 , ca. 303–361), Jin Dynasty (265–420)
In this short letter written in running script, Wang Xizhi sends
greetings to a friend after a snowfall. The Ming dynasty
connoisseur Zhan Jingfeng ( 詹景鳳 , 1520–1602) pointed
out that the round, forceful, elegant nature of the brushwork
here has a leisurely spirit that influenced the running script of
Zhao Mengfu ( 趙孟頫 , 1254–1322), an influential
calligrapher and painter of the Yuan dynasty. Much of the
brushwork appears round and blunt, the dots and hooked
strokes not revealing the tip of the brush. The characters are
even and balanced, revealing a straightforward elegance and
introverted harmony. The Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796)
in the Qing dynasty especially prized this work, praising it as
“The one and only; a masterpiece for all time ( 天下無雙，古
今鮮對 ).” This work is generally considered to be an
excellent copy made in the Tang dynasty. None of Wang
Xizhi’s original handwriting has survived.
 What Do Calligraphers
Do?
•The job of a calligrapher is to write special
documents or invitations.

• Some calligraphers work for companies, but

most are freelance workers.

• Calligraphers get commissioned to create event

invitations, maps, memorial documents, logo
designs, cut stone inscriptions, quotes, poems,
testimonials, diplomas, birth and death
certificates, letters, and stationery.