SAP

ARCHITECTURE &

LANDSCAPE

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 Three Tier Architecture

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 Client Server Architecture

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 R/3

 R/3 is an integrated suite of applications designed to handle the

data processing for large corporations.

 Developed in Germany by the company named SAP (an acronym

for Systems Applications and Products for data processing).

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 Advantages

 System load is distributed and leads to better system performance

 The system is highly scalable

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 Contents

R/3 Basis System Overview

 Logical View
 Software View
 User Oriented View

Basic Concepts
 Transactions
 Dialog Steps

Logical Unit of Work (LUW)

 Database LUW
 SAP LUW

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 Contents

Work Process
 Structure of Work Process
– Screen Processor
– ABAP Processor

 Types of Work Processes

– Dialog, Update, Background, Enqueue, Spool

 Database Interface
– Open SQL
– Native SQL

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 Views of R/3 System

 User Oriented View

 Logical View

 Software Oriented View

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 User Oriented View

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 Logical View

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 Presentation Components

The presentation components rare responsible for the

interaction between the R/3 System and the user, and for desktop
integration (such as word processing and spreadsheets).

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 Kernel & Basis Services

 Running Applications

 User and Process administration

 Database Access

 Communication

 System Monitoring and Administration

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 ABAP Workbench

 Development Environment

 Create, edit, test, and organize application developments

 Fully integrated in the R/3 Basis system

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 Software Oriented View

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 Presentation Layer

SAP GUI (Graphical User Interface)

– Send the user’s input to the application server and

receive data for display

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 Application Layer

 One or more application servers and a message server

 Application server contains a set of services used to run the R/3

System

 Message Server routes messages between application servers

 Application Groups and its load balancing within them

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 Structure of Application Server

 Work Processes
– Component that run an application
 Dispatcher
– Link between the work processes and the users logged on to
the application server
 Gateway
– Interface for the R/3 communication with other application
servers in the same R/3 System, with other R/3 Systems, with
R/2 Systems, or with non-SAP systems
 Shared Memory
− All of the work processes on the application server use a
common main memory area called shared memory to save
context or to buffer constant data locally.

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 Dispatching Dialog Steps

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 Database Layer

 DBMS

 Database

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 Basic Architectural Concepts

 Dialog Steps

 Transactions

 Logical Unit of Work ( LUW)

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 Dialog Step

The program logic in an application program that occur

between two screens

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 Dialog Step

 Sequence of steps which ends with COMMIT or ROLL BACK

 Allows the user to make changes in DB

 DB not updated until transaction is completed

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 Logical Unit of Work

 Database LUW is an inseparable sequence of database operations

 SAP LUW bundles a set of logically-associated database

operations

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 Types of Processor

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 Screen Processor

 User interaction is controlled by screens

 Executes the screen flow logic via the dispatcher

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 ABAP Processor

 Executes the processing logic of the application program.

 Communicates with the database interface.

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 Components of Work Process

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 Types of Work Process

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 Types of Work Process
 Dialog Work Process:
– Requests from an active user to execute dialog steps.

 Background Work Process:

– Programs that can be executed without user interaction.

 Spool Work Process:

– Formats data for Printing.

 Enqueue Work Process:

– Administers a lock table in the shared memory area.

 Update Work Process:

– Execute database update requests.
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 Database Interface

 Establishing and terminating connections between the work

process and the database.

 Access to R/3 Repository objects (ABAP programs, screens)

 Controlling transactions (commit and rollback handling)

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 Database Interface

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 System Landscape

 The system landscape contains all the SAP Systems that is

installed.

 Set up multiple clients independently in a single SAP System.

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 System Landscape

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 THANK YOU

02-Sep-09 Kaavian Systems