wood

PRESENTED BY:
Sara Feroz CN-20001
Shahjahan CN-20021
Mustafa Saeed CN-20022
Muhammad Ausaf Siddiqui CN-20031
PRESENTED TO:
Miss Laila-tul-qadr
 wood is  the building material used earliest
by humans. Despite its complex chemical
Wood nature, wood has excellent properties which
lend themselves to human use
Properties of wood
AMENABLE TO FABRICATION
INTO AN INFINITE VARIETY
READILY AND
EASILY MACHINABLE OF SIZES AND SHAPES USING
ECONOMICALLY AVAILABLE
SIMPLE ON-SITE BUILDING
TECHNIQUES

EXCEPTIONALLY STRONG A GOOD HEAT AND IT IS A RENEWABLE AND

RELATIVE TO ITS WEIGHT ELECTRICAL INSULATOR BIODEGRADABLE 
Wood and the environment
Trees are nature’s only renewable resource for building materials. Trees use energy from the sun
and carbon dioxide to create cellulose while cleansing the atmosphere and giving off oxygen. Wood
is a significant “storehouse” for carbon, and it does all this with little or no input from people
 Specific gravity

Moisture content and shrinkage

Physical
Properties Temperature effect

Of Wood
Durability

Chemical effects
 Specific gravity
specific gravity (SG) and the major strength
properties of wood are directly related. SG for
the major native structural species ranges from
roughly 0.30 to 0.90
Moisture content
and shrinkage
y, wood’s reaction to moisture provides more problems
than any other factor in its use. Wood is hygroscopic;
that is, it picks up or gives off moisture to equalize with
the relative humidity and temperature in the
atmosphere. As it does so, it changes in strength;
Temperature effect

Although wood is an excellent heat

insulator, its strength and other properties
are affected adversely by exposure for
extended periods to temperatures above
about 100˚F.
Durability
Although design texts classify various species as nondurable,
moderately resistant to decay, or resistant to decay, it is best to note
that only the heartwood of a species may be resistant to decay and of
the readily available species, only a few are effectively resistant in their
natural state 
Chemical effect
Wood is relatively chemically inert. Although,
obviously, wood will deteriorate when in contact
with some acids and bases, some species have
proven very useful for food containers Wood
structures have also found widespread use as
storage facilities for salt and fertilizer chemicals
 Timber for
Architecture
Timber wood
Timber has been used for many
purposes since ancient times,
There is a misconception among
us regarding timber that every
type of wood is a timber but
wood includes all type of wood
whether it is burning wood,
structural wood or furniture
wood and that wood which is
suitable for construction
purpose as a structural material
is ‘timber’
Classification of timber

•                     

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

Converted Timber 
wood which has been cut, sawn, hewn, split, shaped or
fashioned from round timber or poles into pieces intended for
any purpose other than as fuel
Rough Timber
Rough sawn timber is usually used for pieces such as
internal frames where it will be concealed by a neat
outer layer. It is also used for beams beneath flooring
or in attics where it will not be visible
Standing Timber
Standing Timber means all timber produced
on the Real Estate Assets, in a stumpage
condition, bark in, derived from
reforestation located inside the Plots.
Seasoning of
timber
The process of drying of timber
is known as seasoning of timber.
Since when we cut a tree it
nearly contains about 40–50%
of water in the form of moisture
or sap. So, before the use of
timber in any construction
purpose this water has to be
removed otherwise it may
expand or contract according to
season
Methods of seasoning
Natural Seasoning

Lectrical Seasoning

Kiln Seasoning

Artificial Seasoning 

1:Oiling 

2:Hemical Seasoning
 Natural
Seasoning

In this method the

seasoning is carried
out naturally with the
help of natural agent,
that is, air. Hence,
sometimes it is also
referred as ‘air
seasoning
Lectrical
Seasoning

In this method the

timber is seasoned
with the help of high
frequency electric
current. But it is setup
and maintenance cost
is so high. So, it is not
used usually for
commercial purpose.
Kiln
Seasoning
In this method the drying of
timber is carried out inside an
airtight chamber. A perfectly
saturated air is circulated
inside the chamber which is
heated to a temperature of
about 35 –40c
Artificial Seasoning 
This type of seasoning is done artificially with the help
of several methods which are
1:Oiling

In this method the timer

is immersed in e=water
and ten boil for about 4–
5 hours. After that it is
allowed to dry
2:Hemical
Seasoning 
In this method the timer
is immersed in a salt
solution hence it is
known as ‘salt
seasoning’
Defects in Timber
• Due to conversion
• Due to fungi
• Due to natural forces
• Due of seasoning
Uses of timber

USED FOR DOOR AND USED FOR MAKING USED IN ROOFING USED FOR TEMPORARY USED FOR MAKING
WINDOWS FRAME. RAILWAY COACHES MATERIALS AND BRIDGES AND ROAD FURNITURES.
WAGON. LINTELS. CONSTRUCTION.

USED IN SCAFFOLDING USED FOR MAKING

AND CENTERING OF AN HOUSES IN SOME
ARCH. AREAS.
                    

Thankyou :)