MATERNAL AND CHILD

HEALTH SERVICES
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH SERVICES

Maternal and Child Health (MCH )refers to

the promotive, preventive, curative and
rehabilitative health care to mothers and
children.
 EVOLUTION OF MCH SERVICES IN INDIA

• Indigenous village ‘Dais’

• 1885-’Lady Dufferine fund ‘ was founded
by Queen Victoria – Zenana hospitals
• 1931 -Indian Red cross Society started
maternity services.
• During the first five year plan more than
200 MCH centers were started.
 IMPORTANCE OF MATERNAL AND CHILD
HEALTH SERVICES

• Women at reproductive age and children below

15 years of age - 65% of India’s population
• Children below 15 years of age -35% of Indian
population .
• Child bearing mothers and children - risk group.
• children is tomorrows investment of future.
• preserving the health of the mother and child.
 AIMS OF MCH SERVICES

• Child survival.
• Promoting safe motherhood.
• Checking malnutrition in children and
mothers.
• Protecting mothers and children from
infectious diseases.
 AIMS OF MCH SERVICES

• Early diagnosis and treatment.

• Ensuring growth and development of
children and adolescents.
• Improving family planning services.
 TARGET OF MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH SERVICES

• Maternal and child mortality rate – Below 2

• Infant mortality rate -Below 60, rate of 1-4
• Death rate of 1-4 year old age group –
Below10
• Size of family - 2-3 members
 TARGET OF MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH SERVICES

• Birth weight of child - Minimum 2500gms

• Perinatal mortality rate - 30-35
• Weight of minimum 90% of total children -
According to weight chart
 INDICATORS OF MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH

• Maternal mortality rate

• Infant mortality rate
• Neonatal mortality rate
• 1-4 years child mortality rate
• Child survival rate
ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF MCH HEALTH SERVICES

• Complete health check –up and care

of the child and mother.
• Studying health problems.
• Providing health education to
parents for taking care of children.
• Training to professionals and
assistant workers.
 RECENT TRENDS IN MCH CARE

• 1.Integration of care
• 2.Risk approach
• 3.Manpower changes
• 4.Primary Health Care
• 5. Reproductive and Child
Health
ANTENATAL CARE
 Aims of antenatal care
• Protecting and promoting the health of
pregnant mother.
• Providing maximum possible care to pregnant
mother.
• Identifying high risk mothers and treating them.
• Ensuring safe delivery and birth of healthy
child.
• Preparing the pregnant mother physically
and mentally for the delivery.
 Aims of antenatal care
CONT…

• Reducing the maternal mortality

rate and infant mortaiity rate.
• Educating about taking care of the
newborn baby and herseif.
• Informing the mother about the
familyplanning and medical
termination of pregnancy.
 ANTENATAL CARE
• History taking
• The Prenatal Examination
• High risk pregnancies
• Prenatal Advice
• Immunization
• Mentally, Preparing the Mother for
Pregnancy and Motivating her for Family
Planning.
 Antenatal Visit
• Once a month for lst month.
• Twice a month for next 2
months.
• Once a week for next following
period till delivery if everything
is normal
 Functions of Community Health Nurse in Antenatal Clinic

• Selection of place for clinic.

• Fixing clinic days.
• Ensuring presence of specialists and helping them.
• Contacting pregnant mothers and motivating
them for consultations at clinics.
• Preparing antenatal cards.
• Taking history and conducting general
examinations. (Testing Hb. and urine,taking
weight etc.)
 Functions of Community Health Nurse in Antenatal Clinic

• ldentifying the high-risk group and counselling them

• Assisting the specialist in obstetnc examination and conducting
the examination in her absence, referring the patient to
specialist in case of complications.
• Educating about food, child care or motherhood, family planning
and vaccination.
• Visiting homes.
• Guiding female health workers in prenatal clinics and
supervising them.
• Maintaining the records.
• Informing the pregnant mother about days and timings of
antenatal clinic.
INTRANATAL
CARE
 INTRANATAL CARE

Objectives
• Thorough asepsis.
• Delivery with minimum injury to infant and
mother.
• Readiness to deal with complications (prolonged
labour, APH convulsion, malpresentation,
prolapse of cord etc.)
• Care of the baby at delivery.
 Responsibilities of Community Health Nurse

• Maintenance of delivery room for institutional

delivery.
• Preparing for emergencies.
• Maintaining highest Standards asepsis
during delivery.
• Providing appropriate care during all stages of
delivery.
 Responsibilities of Community Health Nurse Cont……

• Preparing for neonatal care.

• Providing mental support to mother during
delivery.
• Keeping delivery kit ready for home
delivery.
• Acquiring services of specialists and when
required or referring the high risk mother
from rural areas to referral units.
POSTNATAL CARE
 POSTNATAL CARE

Aims
• Taking care of mother and reestablishing the
optimum health ,as early as possible.
• Protecting the mother from complications during
postnatal period.
• Encouraging the breast feeding at the earliest
and taking care of the breasts.
• Providing health education to mother and family.
• Providing family planning services.
 POSTNATAL CARE
Puerperal Care
• Checking of Vital Signs
• Measuring Fundal Height
• Check Lochia
• Perineal Care
 POSTNATAL CARE
HEALTH EDUCATION

• Care of Breast
• Care of Bladder and Bowel
• Ambulation
• Postnatal Advise
• Diet
• Postnatal exercises
• Breast feeding
• Family planning
THANK
YOU
CHILD HEALTH SERVICES
 Causes of the child and infant
death
• Premature birth .
• Diarrhea
• Acute respiratory infections .
• Malnutrition
• Insufficient maternal or neonatal care
• Communicable diseases.
 Objectives
• Decreasing child death and IMR.
• Complete protection of child.
• Nutritious diet to children.
• Overall growth of children.
• Preserve and promote health of under
5children
• Increasing the health level of children .
 Responsibilities of Community Nurse

• Assessment of Growth and Development

• Immediate Care of Newborn
• Care of Nutritional Status
• Prevention and Treatment of Common
Accidents
• Educational Functions
• Other Functions
CHILD CLINICS
UNDER FIVE CLINIC
 Role of Community Health Nurse
• Selection of place and days of clinic.
• Arranging necessary items at the clinic.
• Arranging entertainment facilities .
• Providing immunization services .
• Giving warm welcome to mothers and
children.
• Registering the children and filling
growth chart and immunization
cards.
• Recording the general
examination ,nutrition level and
weight of children.
• Assessing the growth and
development of child.
• Examining skin,head,eyes,ears and
mouth and measuring the vital signs in
case of illness.
• Prevention and treatment of general
diseases and injuries and further referral
of the critical patients.
• Providing health education to mothers.
 Child Guidance Clinic
Role of Community Health Nurse in child
guidence clinic
• Setting up the clinics.
• Registration of children.
• Assisting in the reatment of children.
• Assisting the psychiatrist.
• Getting the co-operation of parents.
• Getting co-operation of children and teachers.
• Providing proper enterainment and Sports
facilities to children.
• Educating the children /parents about family
life.
• Conducting and managing the clinics.
NATIONAL PROGRAMMES FOR
MATERNAL HEALTH
NATIONAL PROGRAMMES FOR MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH

• Reproductive and Child Health Programme

• National Family Welfare Programmes
• National Rural Health Mission
• All India Hospital Postpartum Programme
• Integrated child development services
• Child survival and safe motherhood
programme