• Recall – Back to Basics

Writing an Exposition or Discussion on a

Familiar Issue to Include Key Structural
Elements and Language Features
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•NATSD
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•STAND
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•USSIES
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•ISSUES
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• IUMRGAAEENTTV
SESYA
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•ARGUMENTATIVE
ESSAY
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•EYK UUSARTTLC
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•KEY
STRUCTUAL
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•ATSCF DAN
ECIDNEEV
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•FACTS AND
EVIDENCE
WHAT’S ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY?
- An argumentative essay uses evidences and facts
to support the claim it is making. Its purposes is to
convince the reader to agree with the argument being
made.

A good argumentative essay uses facts and evidence to

support the argument, rather than just the writer’s
thoughts or opinions.
Moreover, it tries to change the reader’s mind by
convincing the reader to agree with the writer’s point of
view.
E.g.
When people smoke “weed” or marijuana in colloquial
term they tend to release hormones called “Dopamine”
and have a relaxation or euphoria effect. In the other
cases users experience acute psychosis, anxiety, and loss
of the sense of personal identity or even schizophrenia.
The first legalization of drugs in United States approved
last 2012 and 2016 by different states with 5.2% of
users people between 15 and 64 yrs. drug and a 0.6% of
the population was estimated to suffer from the problem
of drug use.
So can marijuana be legalized here in the Philippines?
 HOW TO BEGIN
HOW TO MAKE YOUR OWN
ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY

a) Selecting Your Topic

Think of topics you are interested in. Select one
that you are able to verify with credible academic
sources which most of the time your teachers make
academic sources a requirement for argumentative
essays.
b) Writing for Your Audience
Think of your intended audience for your
argument. How much information will you readers have
about your topic? If you are choosing controversial
issue to argue with, you’ll need to consider how others
might disagree with you. Considering the objections of
your audience to your arguments will help you write a
better argumentative essay.
c) Using Prewriting Techniques
Which prewriting techniques will help you get
started? It is a good idea to use strategies like
freewriting and brainstrorming to get your thoughts
going. If sources are needed for your argument paper,
getting some ideas down initially will help you have a
good place to start for preliminary research.
 Prewriting Technique
* LISTING –
* CLUSTERING –
* FREEWRITING –
* LOOPING –
* SIX JOURNALISTS’ QUESTIONS-
• Listing – is a strategy writers use to brainstorm and
write ideas about their chosen topic as they come.
- Listing is a brainstorming technique many people
find useful. It means doing just what its name suggest
– listing possible topics and then sublists of things
you could say about each topic.
- to add emphasis to a point, show they are
knowledgeable or to offer a variety of ideas in the
hope that the reader will be familiar with one or
several of them.
• Clustering – also called idea mapping, a strategy
that allows you to explore the relationships
between ideas by putting the subject in the center.
As you think of other ideas, write them on the
page surrounding the central idea.
- Clustering allows a writer to begin without clear
ideas.
- is a type of prewriting that allows a writer to
explore many ideas as soon as they occur to them.
Activity 1: Fact or Bluff
Argumentative essays make use of
evidence to support claims.
Good claims are supported by opinions
alone.
Argumentative essay presents the
issues or case
 Argumentative essay is both
persuasive and argumentative
Statistics can be used as evidence to
support claims.
ACTIVITY 2: REASON OUT and SUPPORT
ME!
Read a sample argument essay entitled “ Aggressive
Driving Should Be Avoided”

Based on the sample argumentative text that have read,

what are the three reasons why aggressive driving
should be avoided? Complete the diagram below by
writing the reasons in the boxes and answer the
questions that follow:
 AGGRESSIVE DRIVING SHOULD BE AVOIDED
Aggressive driving is a phenomenon, which has only recently got the public
worried. The National Highway Traffic Safety Council (NHTSC)
defines aggressive driving as the “operation of a motor vehicle in a
manner that
endangers or is likely to endanger persons or property”.
Actions such as running red lights , improper passing, overtaking on the left,
improper lane change, failing to yield, improper turns, running stop signs, tail
gaiting, careless driving, and speeding are examples of aggressive driving.
Such actions are dangerous to other road users. Aggressive driving should be
avoided because it causes crashes, injuries and fatalities. The first reason why
aggressive driving should be avoided is it causes crashes. According to NHTSC
between 78 percent (excessive speed) and100 percent (improper passing) of
the cases of aggressive driving resulted
in traffic crashes and 96 percent of the drivers cited for “following too
closely” or tail gaiting caused crashes as a result of their aggressive
stop signs, tail gaiting, careless driving, and speeding are examples of
aggressive driving. Such actions are dangerous to other road users. Aggressive
driving should be avoided because it causes crashes, injuries and fatalities.
The first reason why aggressive driving should be avoided is it causes crashes.
According to NHTSC between 78 percent (excessive speed) and100 percent
(improper passing) of the cases of aggressive driving resulted
in traffic crashes and 96 percent of the drivers cited for “following too
closely” or tail gaiting caused crashes as a result of their aggressive
driving. Moreover” “ overtaking on the left” topped other categories of
aggressive driving in
contributing to traffic crashes. Another reason why aggressive driving should
be avoided is it causes injuries. NHTSC states that the percentages of the
injuries caused by aggressive driving are, in almost all categories of aggressive
driving, above 100 percent.
Aggressive driving also causes fatalities. “Overtaking on the left”
appears to be the most important contributing factor in traffic fatalities as
it relates to aggressive driving. “Improper lane change”, “running stop sign”,
and
and “running red light” rank second through four
in terms of their
contribution to traffic fatalities. The above
evidence shows that aggressive driving causes
crash injuries and fatalities. Hence, aggressive
driving should be avoided. Since the opening on
the North-South Highway, the number of
kilometers of roads in the country has increased
by one percent while the number of vehicle miles
driven has increased by 35 percent. More cars and
more drivers are also on the road leading to more.
 REASON REASON REASON
#1 #2 #3

1. What is the issue presented in the text? What is the

writer’s stand on the issue?
2. Why should aggressive driving be avoided?
3. How did the writer support his/her reason? Did the
writer effectively express his/her opinions and stand
on the issue “aggressive driving”? Why or Why not?
ACTIVITY 3: In My Own Point-Of-View!

Read the essay entitled “Think Before You

Click: Staying Safe on Social Media. Then,
answer the questions and accomplish the
diagram that follow.
Processing Questions:
1. What is the text all about? What is the writer’s
stand on the issue?

2. According to the writer, why do we need to

‘think before we click’?

3. Do you have your own points-of-view about

the issue? Make your own stand and discuss
your reasons by accomplishing the diagram
that follow
My Stand on the Issue
Presented

My Reasons
ACTIVITY 4: IT’S YOUR TURN!