IO Lecture

“AFP Vision 2028: A World-class Armed Forces, Source of National Pride”
Introduction to
Information Operations (IO)
“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”
LESSON OBJECTIVE
• Provide an overview of the AFP’s

Information Operations (IO)
• Increase awareness on the importance
IO

SEQUENCE OF PRESENTATION
• Background
• The Information Environment (IE)
• Information Operations (IO)
• Information-Related Capabilities (IRC)
• IO Objectives and Measures

REFERENCES
• AFPM 3-14 Information Operations 2019
(Revised)
• DND STRATCOM Handbook
• AFP CMO Manual
• US Joint Publication 3-13 (Information
Operations)
• SME Lectures/Presentations on IO
(local/international)
BACKGROUND
• Introduced to the PA by USARPAC in 2002 during the 1st PA/USARPAC
IO SMEE
• IO was officially introduced to the DND/AFP
– Creation of DND-AFP IO Fusion Cell (DO 53) on 02 April 2003
– Creation of Standing Committee on IO (DO 114) on 24 June 2003
• Published AFPM 3-03 on 2010
• AFP Published OD 02-2010 to IPSP Bayanihan
– IO was introduced
• Issued FRAG-O 01-2013
– IO was introduced as a LOO
• IO Division in OJ3 established in 2014
BACKGROUND
STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS
PUBLIC INFORMATION PUBLIC GOVERNMENT

DIPLOMACY OPERATIONS AFFAIRS AFFAIRS
IO supports the DND STRATCOM

with its other components: Public Diplomacy, Public Affairs, and Government Affairs
Reference: DND STRATCOM handbook
“AFP Vision 2028: A World-class Armed Forces, Source of National Pride” 7
BACKGROUND
Information War in the Real World (International Perspective)
TARGETED
INFORMATION
STRATEGIC STRATEGIC
(GLOBAL) COMMUNICATIONS
OPERATIONAL PUBLIC
(REGIONAL) DIPLOMACY
TACTICAL INFORMATION
(NATIONAL) OPERATIONS
Reference: DND STRATCOM handbook

BACKGROUND
Information War in the Real World (National Perspective)
STRATEGIC, OPERATIONAL AND TACTICAL ALIGNMENT OF IO
STRATEGIC GHQ DND

MALACANANG
STRATCOM (PCOO, NSA, etc.)
OPERATIONAL UC
AFP
IO (STRATCOM)
- LETHAL AND
- NON LETHAL TACTICAL
- IE: PHYSICAL, DIV/BDE/BN
COGNITIVE,
INFORMATIONAL

INFORMATION
ENVIRONMENT (IE)

INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT (IE)

• INFORMATION - Consists of circumstance, data or the information itself
and the means in which it is conveyed.
• In concepts of communication…
– Bit  Byte  Data  Information  Theory  Knowledge  Truth
• As a medium
– Info is a means or pathway by which communication
Information Flow
takes place
– Focus is on the mechanics of info (i.e., systems and
networks) Duality
• As a message
– Info is an object that contains meaning Information Content
– Focus is the content of the information

• … a must to understand in IO
• … the aggregate of individuals, organizations or systems that
collect, process or disseminate or act on an information
• … co-exists with the physical and OE
• … where decision making occurs – where humans and automated
systems observe, orient, decide, and act upon information
• … resides within each of the four domains (societal organizations,
media, communication systems, and populace)

Today’s global info / communications environment means that messages / actions delivered
to one audience will reach other audiences.
Information
Physical Information
Environment
Dimension Dimension
(Data Centric)
(Brick & Mortar Centric) Neutral Friendly
• Assets (brick & mortar) Means Means • Information
– Factories Adversary – Content
– Networks – Flow
– Quality
– Equipment M
• Associated infrastructure e • Automation
a
n
s
Cognitive • Opinion / Knowledge
– Public
Dimension – Private
(Human Centric) – Leadership
• Assumptions
UNCLASSIFIED
The Operating Environment
13
UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED
Physical
Navigation
U/I Comm
Beacon Radio SATCOM
Node
Cell Phone Tower
*
Coastal Evacuation Route
. Repeater Antennas
Major Road
Network Commercial
! Rural Area
Rail Road Tracks Radio Station Fiber Optic Cable
(Small Farms)
HQ
Market Church Gov’t C2
International
Red Cross High Voltage Power Line Facility
Print Shop
Internet
Cafe Weather
Learning Center Temperature: 40-65 degrees
Rain: > .43” per current month
TV Broadcast
Wind: 6-10 MPH from the west
Facility
How is this information synchronized Nov 12, 2009 MR-1:38 AM MS-1:56 PM
Lunar Phase: last quarter
TRIBAL BOUNDARY with the IOWG?
---------- Mountaineers
---------- Farmers
14
---------- Urbanites UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED
Information
U/I Comm Navigation

Node Beacon Radio SATCOM
Cell Phone Tower
*
Coastal Evacuation Route
. Repeater Antennas
Major Road
Network Commercial
! Rural Area
Rail Road Tracks Radio Station Fiber Optic Cable
(Small Farms)
HQ
Market Church Gov’t C2
International
Red Cross High Voltage Power Line Facility
Print Shop
Internet
Cafe
Learning Center
TV Broadcast
Facility
How do we use this domain for Intel
Loss/Gain?
15
Cognitive
Financier
* Provincial
.
Governor
Courier
Tribal
Local Militant
Leader Mayor
Businessman Fighters
How are we integrating Militia Leader

Police Chief
KLE into the
targeting process? Religious
Leaders
Port
Laborers
Town Elders
16
The Material Part

Essential characteristics include those
typically important to maneuver
operations: geography, weather,
Physical Dimension populace, & civil infrastructure.
Information & Processes

Characteristics: info and knowledge
management, command & control, information
quality, distribution, & interaction.
Informational Dimension
Between the Ears

Characteristics: perceptions, beliefs,
awareness, & understanding.
Cognitive Dimension
UNCLASSIFIED

• The information environment is shared…
-- opposing military forces
-- third parties
• All organizations operate in the IE
• Organizations use information to accomplish their

objectives
Info Needs and Info Position

• Information Needs = (Quality) x (Interaction) x (Reach)
• Information Position is an organization's information
state at any given point in time Quality
• Every organization has

unique information needs
Info Needs
• Every organization Info Position
requires a steady flow of

Reach
timely, accurate, and
relevant information Interaction
Information Dimension
Information Advantage
• A favorable information situation relative to an opponent
A B
“A” has a relative
Info Advantage over “B”
Positive Info Situation Negative Info Situation

Information Needs Information Position
• Determined by comparing the differences in each

organization's information needs and position
• The use of information and the ability to operate in the
information environment are both relative factors
• Information position changes with mission,
capabilities, and time.
• All organizations seek to improve their
information position.
• Opponents seek to gain a relative information
advantage.
• An advantage is gained by affecting:
• Opponent's use of information
• Information content & flow in the AO
• Examples:
– One side can collect critical info better
– One side can use the information
infrastructure better
– One side has better media access
– One side communicates to the populace
better

Information Superiority (IS)
FRIENDLY Relative ENEMY

Info Advantage
Positive Info Situation Negative Info Situation
More timely,
Physical Physical
IS turns an info
IS
accurate
advantage into decisions
an operational Information Info
Advantage Information
advantage Actions
Cognitive IS Cognitive executed
unchallenged
A B
Information Superiority (IS)
• IS can provide an operational advantage in either cognitive

(perceptions/decisions) or physical (behavior/actions)…
• IS is usually a temporary condition in the battle space due to
the constant rapid change in the information environment.
• Effects of both lethal and non-lethal events can change the
information environment instantaneously.



Understanding the Information
intricacies of INFORMATION Superiority
is a pre-requisite in INFORMATION OPERATIONS
conducting a successful
INFORMATION OPERATIONS. Information
Advantage
NEEDS and POSITION
Information
Environment
DOMAIN and DIMENSION
Information
FLOW and CONTENT

INFORMATION
OPERATIONS (IO)

INFORMATION OPERATIONS (IO)

… the systematic process of
integration, synchronization, and
coordination of information
activities
… to achieve synergistic (optimum
combined outcome of) lethal and
non-lethal effects
… in order to affect the decision-
making process of a defined target
… while protecting our own
4/2/19 “AFP Core Values:
AFP-PNP-NBI Inter-Agency Plan in Honor,
SupportService, Patriotism”
to NTF ELCAC
Focus of IO
WILL UNDERSTANDING
Influence an Deny, degrade,
adversary’s will DECISION disrupt, and
and undermine MAKERS manipulate the
cohesion Information available
CAPABILITY
Affect those capabilities
that enable a decision maker
to understand a situation
and apply his will
4/2/19 “AFP Core Values:

AFP-PNP-NBI Inter-Agency Plan in Honor,
SupportService, Patriotism”
to NTF ELCAC
Focus of IO
THE DECISION MAKERS
• A decision-maker’s effectiveness is a function of will,
understanding and capability.
• decision-maker must have the
- will to act - the power of the mind to decide and do
- an understanding of the situation to act - information
available to decision-makers
- possess the capability to act - command and control,
communications, cyber infrastructure and propaganda
facilities
Purpose of IO
The
information The Decision
the TA gathers the TA makes
and processes determines
determines the COA we
the decision TARGET AUDIENCE take
it makes
Why not influence the target audience then?

Purpose of IO: To look into …

Decision-making
• The most important component of the Information
Environment.
• It forms the basis for how humans think, perceive,

visualize, and decide.
• Information factors such as leadership biases,

behavioral awareness, personal motivations,
morale, unit cohesion, emotion, etc. reside in this
component.
Purpose of IO: To look into …

Effects
• Any result of another action or circumstance.
• The physical and/or behavioral state of a system that results

from an action, a set of actions, or another effect.
• A change to a condition, behavior, or degree of freedom.
• Outcome & Impact of the operations conducted.

Purpose of IO
To AFFECT desired targets may mean using the following
FUNCTIONS with their respective desired effects:
Inform Attack Protect
 Expose  Destroy  Detect
 Convince  Degrade  Respond
 Influence  Disrupt  Restore
 Deny
 Deceive
 Exploit
IO uses IRCs to achieve optimum, combined, and synergistic effects

RANGE OF IO RELATED CAPABILITIES

Military Capabilities – ranges of military forces, abilities and
activities which can be utilized to achieve a specified
warfighting objective, mission or end-state
Non-Military Capabilities – ranges of institutional abilities and

activities of gov’t agencies, non-gov’t agencies, and special
governmental commission/council which can be coordinated
with in support of achieving a specified military mission
purpose, desired effect and end-state

RANGE OF IO RELATED CAPABILITIES

IO supports a wide range of military and
non-military roles:
• Conventional Operations
• Internal Security Operations (ISO)
• Counterterrorism (CT)
• Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster
Relief (HA/DR)
• Maritime Security
• Peace Security Operations (UNPSO)
• Other roles supporting civil authority
INFORMATION-RELATED
CAPABILITIES (IRC)

EXISTING IRCs
IRC DESCRIPTION STATUS
plays a vital role in the planning and conduct of IO. IO is
intelligence intensive and requires the availability of detailed
Intelligence and timely intelligence prior to and throughout all phases of Has various
(Intel) operation. Intelligence enables the conduct of IO by manuals
providing relevant and timely information needed to
continuously understand and assess a dynamic IE.
One of the most essential IO supporting capabilities. It
contributes to the success of information operations (IO) by
Electronic providing offensive and defensive tactics and techniques in a No interim
Warfare (EW) variety of combinations to shape, disrupt, and exploit manual
adversarial use of the Electro Magnetic Spectrum (EMS)
while protecting the spectrum used by the AFP forces.

EXISTING IRCs
One of the latest capabilities developed in support of
military operations, which stems from the increasing use
of networked computers and supporting information
Cyber Operations technology infrastructure systems by military and civilian Has interim manual
(CO) organizations. In order to attack, deceive, degrade,
disrupt, deny, exploit, and defend electronic information
and infrastructure, cyberspace operations are used along
with electronic warfare.
Currently embedded under the function of CMO, it is
tasked to provide the AFP with an imagery capability in
Combat Camera support of operational and planning requirements across
(COMCAM) the range of military operations. COMPHO is responsible No interim manual
for rapid development and dissemination of products
that support strategic and operational IO objectives.

EXISTING IRCs
There are two main aspects to using physical attack for Has various
Physical Attack creating effects in the information environment:
Attacking C2 systems; and, Sending a message. manuals
Actions to deliberately mislead the adversary’s military
Military decision-makers as to friendly military capabilities,
Deception intentions, and operations; thereby, causing the No interim manual
(MILDEC) adversary to take specific actions that will contribute to
the accomplishment of the friendly mission.

EXISTING IRCs
Vital in IO. It is the key to information denial. It gives the No interim
OPSEC commander the capability to identify indicators that can be
manual
observed by the adversary’s intelligence systems.
Defense Support The lead and proponent for DSPD is the DND STRATCOM.
to Public DSPD consists of activities and measures taken by DND and its
AFP components to support and facilitate GPH public
diplomacy diplomacy efforts, not solely in the area of IO. IO capabilities
(DSPD) are integrated under the direction of the DND (STRATCOM).

EXISTING IRCs
Planned operations to convey selected information to adversarial Has interim
ISA target audiences and their organizational support base. manual
Activities performed and or supported by the military that
CA enhances good relationship between military forces and civil No interim manual
CMO authorities in areas where military forces are present or operating
A function which includes public information, and community
Has interim
PA relations activities that is directed towards public and local foreign
manual
audiences.
Focused only on the key leader. While this remains important,
recent operations have emphasized that engagement at all levels
Has interim
SE/KLE and all times can have an impact on behaviours, attitudes and manual
perceptions. Engagements should be consistent, culturally sensitive,
credible, adaptive, balanced and pragmatic.

IO and CMO
Information Operations (IO) is the systematic process of
integration, synchronization, and coordination of information
activities, to achieve synergistic (optimum combined outcome
of) lethal and non-lethal effects, in order to affect the decision-
IO & making process of a defined target while protecting our own.
CMO
Definition
CMO is defined as planned activities undertaken
independently or in coordination with civilian entities to gain
popular support in favor of the AFP, weaken the adversary’s
will to fight, and influence threat groups to abandon armed
struggle in support of the accomplishment of the AFP mission.

IO and CMO
IO and CMO are 2 separate distinct functions but have inter-related activities
CMO IO
Target Influences groups for a desired Affects “Decision Maker”
Audience behavior favorable or supportive Its activities are aimed at affecting the will and
of military operations. understanding of decision-makers and affecting those
capabilities that directly enable the application of their will
or aid their understanding.
Scope Focuses only on influencing the
Human Domain Focuses on Affecting the decision maker, decision making
process and his capabilities to impose his will.
“Winning
ISO Centric,the Hearts
PKO, HADRand Minds” Full spectrum operations (ISO – TDO)
Intent - Influence Target Audiences for

a desired behavior Attainment of synergistic (optimum combined outcome of)
- Limited to attainment of non- lethal and non-lethal effects, in order to affect the decision
lethal effects making-process of a defined target
Capabilities PA, ISA, CA, OPSEC, MILDEC, Compho, Physical Attack,
employed Limited to PA, ISA, CA Intelligence, Cyber Opns, Legal, Electronic Warfare etc…
IO and CMO
TARGET EFFECT DIMENSION PRIMARY CAPABILITIES
• Physical Attack
• EW
• Lethal and • Cognitive
• Adversarial Human non-lethal • Information • Cyber Operations
decision-makers (data) • OPSEC
IO (Human Domain) (Influence, • Physical • COMCAM
• Automated disrupt, (people, • Intelligence
Comparing decision-making corrupt, or processes, • KLE/SE
• MILDEC
IO & CMO usurp) systems)
• CMO (ISA, PA, CA)
etc.,
Human
CMO (friendly, neutral Influence Cognitive PA, CA, ISA
and adversary)

IO
IO is decision-making impact –
utilizing the effects of all the IRCs,
focused on an individual (DM)
Integration, Synchronization, Coordination
{Staff Integration Function}
CMO is behavior modification,

focused on groups.
CMO
{Operational Function}
Classification of IRCs with

Corresponding Functional Staffs Responsible
STAFF RESPONSIBILE
CLASSIFICATION IRC (2) (3) (6) (7)
INTEL OPNS CEIS CMO
Core Operations Security (OPSEC) Y X
Capability Military Deception (MILDEC) Y X Y
Psychological Operations (PSYOPS) X
Electronic Warfare (EW) Y X
Cyber Operations (CO) Y X Y
Physical Attack X
Secondary Counter-Intelligence (CI) X
Capability Public Affairs (PA) X
Civil Affairs (CA); KLE; SE X
Combat Photography (COMPHO) Y Y X
Information Assurance (IA) Y X
Defense Support to Public Diplomacy (DSPD) X Y

IMPERATIVES IN SELECTING THE RIGHT IRC

• Ensure collaborative Planning and Execution of military and non-military
Capabilities
• Selection of capabilities will depend on the Kinds of Operations to be conducted,
Commander’s Mission Intent, Purpose End-State, & Desired Effect that can best
support them
• INTEL & OPSEC Requirements must be always included in all IO Support Plans
• IO DOES N0T OWN ANY of the capabilities available, it only coordinates,
integrates, synchronizes, negotiates, and de-conflicts the different IO capabilities
and information effects
• Ensure the use of Synch Matrix as a tool in monitoring the synergy of selected
capabilities in achieving desired IO effects
INFORMATION OPERATIONS (IO)

… is like an Orchestra
MILDEC
CYBER FMO
OPSEC
PA
KLE/SHE
EW ISA
CA INTEL
IO OFFICER
- Integrates
- Synchronizes
- De-conflicts

IO OBJECTIVES SETTING
AND MEASURES

OPERATIONS PROCESS
• IO assist Commanders drive
the operations process
through understanding,
visualizing, describing,
directing, leading, and
assessing operations by
analyzing the Information
Environment

Doctrinal Linkages

IO Officer
Staff Roles and Responsibilities
• Lead IOWG G2
• Analyze the Information Environment • Incorporate IO into IPB
• Identify opportunities to employ IRC’s • Use Open Source Intelligence
• Assess Risk • Provide Priority Intelligence
• Provide input to the synch matrix Requirements
• Identify IRC support gaps
G3
• Coordinate w/other forces to augment unit IRC • Allocates reconnaissance &
capabilities
surveillance assets
• Provide Info in support of OPSEC
• Synchronizes operations
• Provide Info in support of MILDEC
• Assess effectiveness of IRC’s Other Staff …
54
UNCLASSIFIED
IO Objective Development
Helps staffs decide which effects and information-related capabilities they need in
order to achieve the commander’s intent in shaping the IE
• Effect – describes the specific desired • Action – the desired target

outcome. behavior/effect must be measurable,
• Target – the specific target audience observable, and specific
could be a demographic of the • Purpose – explains and justifies the
population, an individual, a defined benefit for engaging the target. It
area, or a piece of equipment with directly links to the commander’s intent
associated capability (purpose, method, end state)
EFFECT TARGET ACTION PURPOSE
INFLUENCE THE SPRC Secretary TO SURRENDER/ SUBSCRIBE IN ORDER TO INDUCE SURRENDER TO

TO LOCAL PEACE TALK THE FRONT ELEMENTS
The specified A detailed description The behavior the target The planned rationale for the operational
effect of the target audience audience needs to benefit the target’s behavior will
described in demonstrate demonstrate by performing the action –
doctrine directly linked to the commander’s mission
and/or intent

Effects Target Action Purpose
Disrupt UGMOs/ WAC To deny CTG In order to prevent the
Adversary recruitment activities expansion of their armed
groups
Influence LCEs/ Heads of To declare the CTG as In order to delegitimize the
Friendly organizations Persona Non-Grata CTG and weaken its
terroristic activities
Influence NGOs (local To stop financial/ In order to weaken the CTG
Neutrals and abroad) logistical support to support system
CTG
• There are NO IO Lines – only IO Objectives

• All IRCs – should have corresponding tasks and action aligned to the objective

IO MOE Development
MOE measure the results of the overall mission and execution of IO objectives
• Activity – specifies a desired direction of change (increase or decrease). Increasing

or decreasing describes how the specific subject (noun) is desired to change.
• Descriptor – restatement of the target mentioned in the IO objective
• Subject – related directly to the effected activity – what the IO Cell is trying to
influence the target to do
• Metric – the percentage goal of how much the specific activity will change to prove
effectiveness
• Baseline – is the historical measure from which the current metric is determined to
show statistical or acceptable significance

IO MOE Development
ACTIVITY DESCRIPTOR SUBJECT METRIC BASELINE
INCREASE FREQUENCY CONTACT TO THE ABOUT BY 50% COMPARED TO THE PREVIOUS

TROOPS/ LOCAL LEADERS SURRENDERING QUARTER CONTACT MONITRED
The direction A restatement of the TARGET Noun related Threshold of The historical measures from
of change mentioned in the OBJECTIVE directly to the effectiveness which the current METRIC is
STATEMENT as an adjectival phrase effect ACTION determined to show statistical
or acceptable significance

IO MOP Development
Developed after the staff identifies the desired effect and develops a method to assess the
effectiveness of pursuing the desired effect – a criterion used to assess friendly actions
tied to measuring task accomplishment
• Quantity – number of broadcasts or deliveries of a message or product

• Medium – can describe any type of print, broadcast, electronic, physical, or
personal method to disseminate a message or product
• Delivery – states how and where IRCs delivered the medium or product
to the audience
• Target – provides a detailed description of the selected audience as
described in the IO effect.
IO MOP Development
QUANTITY MEDIUM DELIVERY TARGET
2 PER WEEK SURRENDER THRU SOCIAL MEDIA/ RADIO BROADCAST/ TO THE SECRETARY OF SPRC
MESSAGES SMS MESSAGING IN THE PROVINCE
The A description of the The method of delivery A detailed description of the

number or product format used used to distribute the target audience as described in
amount of to reach and affect the MEDIUM & where it is the IO OBJECTIVE
IRC activity target distributed
or outputs

Relationship Cycle
• IO cannot generate effects if
the IRCs do not execute tasks
successfully
• Task completion affects
execution as well as
assessment
• IRCs report accomplishment
of their respective tasks
• MOP are not measures of
success – they gauge task
completion
Relationship of End State, Objectives, Effects & Task

End state
Set of conditions to meet conflict
termination criteria. Assessment
Objective
Prescribe friendly
goals.
Effects
Related to the objectives, desired
effects describe conditions
needed to achieve objectives.
Planning
Tasks
Friendly actions taken to create
desired effects or preclude
undesired effects.
63
IO Integration/Sync Matrix
COA #1 Obj To attack OBJ 1 to defeat the enemy
To (DENY) the (ENEMY) foreknowledge of main effort attack, to (ALLOW)
IO Objective
freedom of movement to OBJ.
Elements EW ISA/PsyOps OPSEC PA
Jam enemy for real ME Deny Critical Info Inform TA of Massive
What (Task) Support MD
movement Release Opns
Prevent detection and
Ensure lack of To cause enemy force T cause enemy to be low
Why (Purpose) location of true critical
interference mispositioning morale
assets
Who Applicable element Applicable element Applicable element PAO/Spokesman
Where Where Applicable Where Applicable Where Applicable Area of Opns
Before and during the
When When Critical When Critical When Critical
Operations
Increased EA by
Counteraction Counter Deception Dedicate more assets Counter Deception
Enemy
MOE’s EP not degraded Enemy Movement Follow Deception Disorganized Defense

IO Planning/Integration Function
Example: TASK: Seize Objective 1 to defeat enemy
Prior to Operation During Operation After Operation
ENDS: Deceive the enemy ENDS: Defeat the enemy ENDS: Sustain the Gains of Opns
IO Objectives: To (DENY) the IO Objectives: To (DENY) the IO Objectives: To (DENY) enemy

(ENEMY) prior knowledge of (ENEMY) prior knowledge of Resurgence and (ALLOW)
main effort attack, to (ALLOW) main effort attack, to LGUs to initiate normalcy
freedom of movement to OBJ. (ALLOW) freedom of programs.
movement to OBJ.
IRCs: IRCs:
- Mil Deception IRCs: - ISA
- Info Support Opns - EW - CA
- Public Affairs - Mil Deception - PA
- Cvil Affairs - Physical Atk/Destruction - BTA
- OPSEC - Info Support Opns - OPSEC
- CSP - Public Affairs - Interagency Coord
- CNO/ Cyber - ISA - OPSEC - Security Opns

IO MOP and MOE

Operational Objective: To attack OBJ 1 to MOP:
defeat the enemy • Inf Bn conducts 45 joint night patrols with CAFGU
IO Objective: To deny mass base support to • Inf Bn conducts 38 joint daylight patrols with local
the enemy in OBJ 1 police forces
Task: Provide presence in OBJ 1 • Inf Bn, along with CMO Bn, Female Engagement
Teams conduct multiple face to face KLEs with
MOE: village leaders and businessmen in the village
• Increase in armed clashes between villagers market
and enemy fighters (Local) • CMO Bn posts 75 posters and hand out 300
• Village elders demand enemy fighters to leaflets warning local villagers of dangers in
leave (Local) harboring enemy fighters and promoting
• Increased use of TIPs systems with actionable Rewards/TIPs line
information (Local) • CMO Bn broadcasts 5 messages exposing enemy
• Enemy fighters move to outlying areas criminal acts and warning local villagers of the d
surrounding village (Enemy) angers of harboring enemy fighters
• Increased IED reporting from local village • CE Bn completes projects: water pumps, police
elders and villagers (Local) mosque, hospital, school
IRC’s IOWG MDMP
+ +
=
IO OBJECTIVES
67
CONCLUSION
IO is not about ownership of individual capabilities but rather the use
of those capabilities as force multipliers to create a desired effect
Synchronizing words, deeds, and images to communicate with an

intended audience
Commander’s weapon in influencing the adversaries, enemies and

friendlies to accomplish the mission
68
END

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“AFP Vision 2028: A World-class Armed Forces, Source of National Pride”

• Provide an overview of the AFP’s

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

PUBLIC INFORMATION PUBLIC GOVERNMENT

IO supports the DND STRATCOM

Reference: DND STRATCOM handbook

STRATEGIC GHQ DND

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT (IE)

INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT (IE)

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

to one audience will reach other audiences.

U/I Comm Navigation

How are we integrating Militia Leader

The Material Part

Information & Processes

Between the Ears

INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT (IE)

• All organizations operate in the IE

• Organizations use information to accomplish their

Info Needs and Info Position

• Every organization has

requires a steady flow of

Positive Info Situation Negative Info Situation

• Determined by comparing the differences in each

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

Information Superiority (IS)

FRIENDLY Relative ENEMY

Positive Info Situation Negative Info Situation

Information Superiority (IS)

• IS can provide an operational advantage in either cognitive

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT (IE)

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

INFORMATION OPERATIONS (IO)

4/2/19 “AFP Core Values:

Why not influence the target audience then?

Purpose of IO: To look into …

• It forms the basis for how humans think, perceive,

• Information factors such as leadership biases,

Purpose of IO: To look into …

• The physical and/or behavioral state of a system that results

• A change to a condition, behavior, or degree of freedom.

• Outcome & Impact of the operations conducted.

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

IO uses IRCs to achieve optimum, combined, and synergistic effects

RANGE OF IO RELATED CAPABILITIES

Non-Military Capabilities – ranges of institutional abilities and

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

RANGE OF IO RELATED CAPABILITIES

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

Intent - Influence Target Audiences for

“AFP Core Values: Honor, Service, Patriotism”

Integration, Synchronization, Coordination