Written text as a

connected discourse
2nd Sem - RWS- Lesson 1
Maria Gertrudez B. Magsakay
 LC: Describes a written text as a connected discourse.
(RWS11/12 IIIa-1)

Objectives:
Define and understand reading as a process.
Understand written text as a connected discourse.
Identify the four (4)most common features of connected
discourse.
Reading :
Cognitive process of decoding symbols to derive meaning from a text.
 It is always an interaction between text and reader.
Reading strategies: (EAPP)
1. Previewing – topics, subtitles
2. Skimming and scanning
3. Using context clues: synonym, antonym
4. Examples – specific details
5. Explanation and definition
6. Situation (context)
Using Connotation and Denotation

Denotation = basic, precise literal meaning of the word.

Ex: Father/daddy
Denotation= a male parent
Connotation = association- feeling of love and respect
Connotation = positive, negative ot neutral feelings, attitudes and ideas or
associations with a word. These shades of meaning are affected by social
overtones, emotional meanings, or cultural implications.
 Connected discourse/speech forms are the spontaneous
pronunciation changes in adjacent words or sounds spoken at a
natural speed (Weinstein,2001)
COMMON FEATURES OF CONNECTED DISCOURSE:
1. ASSIMILATION = This is when the sound at the end of one word
changes to make it easier to say the next word.
Ex: could have sounds like = “coulda”
ten boys sounds like = “temboys”
that cat sounds like = “thak cat”
2. CATENATION = This is when the last consonant of the first word is
joined to the first vowel of the next word.

Ex: an apple sounds like “ a napple”

Get up = “getup”
Full on = fullon
Beat it = “bea tit”
Start up = “star rup”
3. ELISION = means that you lose a sound in the middle of a consonant
cluster, sometimes from the middle of the word or from the end of a
word.

Ex: chocolate sounds like = “chaklut”

Sandwich = “sandwich”
Fish and chips = “fishnchips”
Next day = “nex day”
INTRUSION = This is when an extra sound intrudes. There are three (3)
sounds that often do this /r/ /j/ and /w/

Ex:
Go on sounds like = “gowon”
I agree = “aiyagree”
Please do it = “please do wit”
1. “thak girl”
Full form : that girl REMEMBER: ALTHOUGH
Feature: assimilation WRITTEN CONNECTED
DISCOURSE DOES OFTEN
2. “Goog concert” APPEAR IN STORIES, NOVELS,
Full form : good concert AND OTHER FORMS OF FICTION,
KEEP IN MIND THAT IT IS NOT
Feature: Elision
APPROPRIATE TO USE IT IN
3. “hi sown” FORMAL WRITING.
Full form : his own
Feature: catenation
 References:
• Reading & Writing Skills 1stEd. MT A.Tiongson, MR C. Rodriguez;
• RWS L S..Jose, R.R Larioque,PhD; DepEd CG 2013