LESSON 7:The Human

Person in the society

LET’S PONDER
Describe yourself in relation to the following. Complete the following
statements.
In my family, I am the _______________.
My family has made me _________________.
In my school, I consider myself_____________.
My school has helped me become__________.
In my community, I am a____________________.
My community has enabled me to___________________.
LET’S PONDER
•How has your family defined your identity as a person?
•In what way has your school and community
influenced your growth?
•In what way do you see yourself making a significant
contribution to society?
Learning Objectives:
1. recognize how individuals form societies and how individuals
are transformed by societies;
The human person exists to relate with others.
The person by nature is a social being.
A variety of relationships help us to shape as a person.
 FOR EXAMPLE:

INFANT CHILD TEENAGER ADULT

This drove human to form society

Our freedom give us the opportunity to pursue various
activities to achieve our goals and attain well-being or
happiness.
As we live our lives and expand our experiences, we also
encounter other people who are acting in similar ways.
The pursuit of our goals is made easier by the fact that we do
not need to do our activities alone but we have other people
by our side
SOCIETY
 Society
It is an organized group of people whose members interact
frequently and have a common territory and culture.
It also refers to companionship or friendly association with
others, an alliance, a community or a union.
Philosophers consider society the product of deliberate
actions by individuals who come together in pursuit of a
common goal.
 Society
As individual persons, member of society are able to
transform themselves and attain development through
their interaction with society.
The survival of human being is essentially rooted in
society and human relations.
Society and its various aspects provide support that
ensures the development of the human person.
 Society
It is an organized group of people whose members interact
frequently and have a common territory and culture.
It also refers to companionship or friendly association with
others, an alliance, a community or a union.
Philosophers consider society the product of deliberate
actions by individuals who come together in pursuit of a
common goal.
 Society
Society provide opportunities to further growth of an
individual.
Emergence of specific traits and characteristics unique to a
certain society.
 GROUP ACTIVITY
 List down the six important elements in defining society
o Group of People
o Living in a definite Territory
o Has Government
o Sharing same Culture
o Interdependent
o Interrelated
Processing questions: Will the society exist if
one element is absent? Justify your answer
CAN YOU IMAGINED A SOCIETY
WITHOUT ANY LAWS? EXPLAIN
 The Social Contract Theory
To fully understand the true character of
society, they imagined humans as living in a so-
called “natural state”- removed from
modernity and civilization.
 The Social Contract Theory
A. Thomas Hobbes
-persons in their natural state are
governed by their desires and these often
lead to conflict with their fellowmen.
Society is the means by which people
seek to control their natural tendencies
and impose order.
 The Social Contract Theory
A. Thomas Hobbes
“Social Contract” an agreement where individuals
sacrifice an amount of their freedom and submit to a
higher authority.
Society is able to function and meet the needs of the
many, ensuring the survival of humanity.
 NATURAL SOCIETY
STATE

THOMAS THE MEANS BY ESTABLISHED

GOVERNED SOCIETIES TO ENTER INTO
HOBBES BY DESIRES “SOCIAL CONTRACT”

SOCIAL CONTRACT IS AN
CONFLICT AGREEMENT WHERE INDIVIDUALS
WITH SACRIFICE AN AMOUNT OF THEIR
FELLOWMEN FREEDOM AND SUBMIT TO A
HIGHER AUTHORITY
 What is social contract according to
Thomas Hobbes?
 How Thomas Hobbes described
humans in natural state?
 The Social Contract Theory
John Locke “consent of the governed”
Considered person in their natural state as more
cooperative and reasonable.
Locke’s social contract is a covenant among
individuals to cooperate and share the burden
of upholding the welfare of the society.
 SOCIAL CONTRACT IS A COVENANT
NATURAL AMONG INDIVIDUALS TO COOPERATE
STATE AND SHARE THE BURDEN OF
UPHOLDING THE WELFARE OF
SOCIETY

JOHN
COOPERATIVE
LOCKE AND THE AUTHORITY ESTABLISHED TO
REASONABLE RUN SOCIETY SHOULD REFLECT
THE IDEALS OF THE PEOPLE.

SOCIETY IS FORMED THROUGH

THE CONSENT OF AN IF AUTHORITY WILL FAIL
INDIVIDUALS AUTHORITY WILL BE DISCARDED
AND REPLACED
“ CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED”
WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF THE LEADER OF A
CERTAIN SOCIETY WILL FAIL THEIR
RESPONSIBILITIES? EXPLAIN
 The Social Contract Theory
Jean Jacques Rousseau’s “general will”
Rousseau believed that even if the people are
the ones who organized society and established
an authority, in extreme cases, the government
still able to impose its will on the people.
 “GENERAL
WILL”

JEAN
HE BELIEVED THAT EVEN THE PEOPLE WHO
JACQUES
ORGANIZED SOCIETY AND ESTABLISHED AN AUTHORITY
ROUSSEAU

THE GOVERNMENT IS ABLE TO IMPOSE ITS WILL ON

THE PEOPLE IN EXTREME CASES
“MOST BENEFICIAL IN SOCIETY”
 NATURAL STATE

“ORIGINAL POSITION”
JOHN
RAWLS
“VEIL OF IGNORANCE” OR NO KNOWLEDGE OF
ONE’S OWN CHARACTERISTICS SUCH AS GENDER,
RACE , OR SOCIAL STATUS.

HUMAN SEEK A JUST AND FAIR SOCIETY TO

SEEK SELF-INTEREST
 DAVID GAUTHIER on self-interest
Described people’s interest as a significant factor in
building and maintaining societies.
-people tend to cooperate to meet their self-interest.
What are the factors or influences that
drove human beings to establish societies?
Reflect on the groups that you interact with
regularly. How these groups uphold the
common good?
 WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT
FORMS OF SOCIETY?
1. Hunting and gathering society
Earliest and simplest form of society.
Small size
Nomadic
Members are treated equally
 WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT
FORMS OF SOCIETY?
2. Pastoral society
Domestication of animals
Larger populations than hunting and gathering societies
Remain longer in one place
Produce surplus food and resources results to trade with other societies.
Handicrafts
Specialized tasks in the community
 WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT
FORMS OF SOCIETY?
3. Horticultural society
- Engage in the small scale cultivation of plants, fruits, and vegetable
- Semi-nomadic
- Roles and responsibilities are clearly defined according to gender.
- Surplus of goods
- Inequalities among its members.
 WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT
FORMS OF SOCIETY?
4. Agrarian or agricultural society
Large scale and long term cultivation of crops and domestication of animals
Has improved technology, farming methods, and tools to aid farming.
Increased production
Larger population
Structured system
Conflict among neighboring societies over resources and land.
 WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT
FORMS OF SOCIETY?
5. Industrial society
Based on the use of specialized machinery in the production of goods and services.
New industrial methods
Innovations in transportation and communication
Improved trade and commerce
Better life condition of many people
Factories and public education.
Greater inequalities in wealth, power, and influence
Capitalists are more influential
Social relations are not based on clan or family.