1899 MALOLOS CONSTITUTION

TOPIC

• Historical Background of Philippine

Democratic Politics
• 5.1 The evolution of Philippine
politics, government, and governance
 Objective

describe the
• The students be able to:

different stages in the evolution

of the Philippine politics and
governance
•
 MALOLOS CONSTITUTION

Important Filipino document ever produced by the people's

representatives.
anchored in democratic traditions that ultimately had their roots
on American soil.
created a Filipino State whose government was "popular,
representative and responsible"
three distinct branches: the executive, the legislative and the
udicial.
specifically provided for safeguards against abuses and individual
rights not only of the Filipinos, but also the aliens.
• The legislative powers were exercised by the Assembly of
Representatives composed of delegates elected according to law.
To make the function of Congress constitutions
sit as a law-making body when Congress was not in session
The Assembly elected the President of the Republic.
The Cabinet, composed of the Secretaries of
different departments of the government.
administration of justice was vested in the Supreme Court
inferior courts to be established according to law.
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was elected by the
Assembly with the concurrence of the President and the Cabinet.
The Malolos Constitution is unique for three reasons:

• because of the provisions making the Assembly or the legislative

branch superior to either the executive or the judicial branch
because it provided for a Permanent Commission to sit as a
legislative body when the Assembly was not in session
because it established a unicameral legislature
Calderon feared the predominance of the ignorant military
elements which were solidly behind Aguinaldo
• Calderon made provision for the creation of a Permanent
• Commission, composed of Assembly delegates, which would sit
• as a legislative body when the Assembly was not in session.
• • By this method, the executive could not usurp the powers that
• could make him powerful enough to institute an "oligarchy of
• ignoramuses."
•  
•  
•  
•  
• 
SECOND PHILIPPINES COMMISSION

• CAPTURE OF AGUINALDO AND DISPERSAL OF REVOLUTIONARY ARMY

• CIVIL GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHMENT-took over the function of
military government.
• WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT – CHAIRMAN OF THE COMMISION
• START OF THE AMERICAN DOMINATION
• SUPPRESSED NATIONALISM
• DEPORTATION
• SEDITION LAW
Basic rights emphasis on this commission
Taft as the executive head
Wide legislation
US PHILIPPINE BILL 1902( COOPER ACT

• Philippine Organic Act (1902)

• 1. PHILIPPINE ORGANIC ACT (1902)  Philippine Bill of 1902; Cooper Act  Henry A.
Cooper – nagsulat ng Philippine Organic Act o Cooper Act  Ito ang nag-provide ng
paggawa ng binobotong Asamblea ng Pilipinas kapag natamo ang mga sumusunod
na kondisyon: 1. Pagtapos at paglimbag ng census 2. Dalawang taon ng tuloy-tuloy
na kapayapaan and pagkilala sa awtoridad ng Estados Unidos pagkatapos
mailimbag ang census  Mga probisyong kabilang sa Philippine Organic Act:  Isang
bill para sa mga Karapatan ng mga Pilipino  Pag-appoint ng dalawang Pilipinong
Resident Commissioners na magrerepresenta sa Pilipinas sa Kongreso ng Estados
Unidos  Pag-disestablish ng Roman Catholic Church  Konserbasyon ng mga Likas
na Yaman ng Pilipinas  Pagtatag ng Philippine Assembly na ang mga Pilipino ang
boboto dalawang taong pagkatapos ng paglimbag ng
• 2. census at kapag nairestore na ang kapayapaan sa buong bansa
• The first organic act ever made
• It approved and ratified all political changes by US PRES.
• Establishment of a more humane policy and laws
• This lead to the establishment of phil. Assembly 1907
 JONES LAW( US-PHIL AUTONOMY ACT 1916

• Authored by William Atkinson Jones

• Replaced the cooper act
• Formal commitment of America to give phil. Freedom
• The phil. Commision change to phil.senate
• Establishment of uniform tax nationwide
• Freedom of religion
• Phil. Allowed to proposed a tariff law bet. Ame. With an approval
of the US.
TYDINGS MACDUFFIE LAW

• Led the promulgation of the 1935 consti. for the commonwealth

cons. And the Philippine republic which was drafted by the
Filipinos an approved by the americans anf finally consented by
the Filipino electorate.
 The 1943 constitution

• Under Japanese regime

• Disfaction of the some high officials
 1973 Marcos constitution

• Authoritarian rule of marcos

• Martial law
 1986 freedom constitution

• Ruled following the Edsa revolution

• The making of the new constitution
 1987 constitution

• Recent phil. Constitution

• A detailed definition of the constitution in it’s function, and
democracy objectives.