*N ommilimmillnimmomminummiumillimummilimminomiumnimmomminsimmommil

. 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
.***;\

•
*,*-',, -
** '
*,f.,

5 og191
IIEROE 1
IMM•111,

••••••101.111

.!.••11
.
••••=sel

111•11411111
11•11•11

1•1111.

11.1111MM1
10•011r.•
110111
1111•110=IM
01•11•11=1=11

01111•1•11•1

1111111 •••••11•1MI

1•0111.
,

01•1•11 11•111•1•111•1•1•1

.111:111

11••••••••Mit IIIM•11111

••••••1111=

.1•••••••• ••••=mXimi
11•••• 1111.1•

••••••••11

lill•••=11
•=1.

.1•••••116

•=1•11.1110

...•••••=1.
Nr
11••••••1.

MOMINMEIN

101•111•1111=11

I121

11••=1

011111111
1111•1

010•1•11M11

111111

Col. Franklin R. Dennison Col. Thomas A. Roberts Lt. Col. Otis B. Duncan
Yik

=in

*VIP trelttr 1
,117

Stories From The Lips of

Black Fighters 11=!111

MION•11,

IIM•••••••
le•r":21, DEDICATVD III•mmm•
.010•1•13111
Mamma

IMNIMI vr
•MiMiNer.
1...•=1/MO 101•1•-•

To the Brave Whose Lives Have Made 116Mamimiol

111.=••••••

111•,

Our Flag Immortal

*.*, •
r
 Winning Glory for the Flag
By Z. Withers

Kind reader follow me:
The stories carefully compiled
here for you, we hope will convey
to your mind afaint knowledge of
what our men suffered in winning
glory and honor for the Flag.
These stories are taken from the
lips of men who actually saw serv-
iee in the trenches. It is something
to know of their trials and strug-
gles to sustain the ideals of this
Republic.
They have fought, bled and died
for us and the world that the prin-
ciples of the Just and Free shall
rule the world.
The thought and spirit that act-
uated these heroes we should instill
into the minds of our children in
order that the nation shall remain
forever the "Land of the free and
the home of the brave."
"Lest we forget" the Negro's
.
part in the great war on the West-
ern Front or, perhaps, if you have
read but little of the truth of his
wonderful courage—preserve this
small volume and read the stories
from his lips.
Every thought is Patriotism,
every act is bravery and courage.
He not only gave the Allied armies
pep and ginger as an untiring
worker„ but the wonderful cheer-
fulness displayed by him under the
hardest ordeals—inspired those
who fought by his side.
Again, we might say, their deeds
of heroism and bravery add addi-
tional lustre and brightness to our
noble Flag.

Bayonet Fighters at Guard Position.

CONTENTS

The Eighth Regiment In France. Artillery Action.

Ailette Dam, "Hells Half Acre." Taking Machine Gun Nests.
Near Chateau Thierry. The "Black Devils" of Illinois.
The Fatal Mess Call. Hindenburg Cave.
By Sergi. E. A. Means
September Twenty-eight.
Poisonous Gas.
Why We Are Permitted To Rejoice.
The Human Side of the Fighter.
Capturing Hindenburg Cave.
By Sergi. Mathew Jenkins Welcoming the Fighter Home.
 The Fatal Mess Call
This Story Brings Us Into Intimate Contact With Some
of the Most Heartrending Scenes of the Battlefield.
Let Us Hope for aLeague of Nations and
On the last of September we
were ordered to the front to check
asupposed German drive. We ar-
rived there safely, although under
heavy shell-fire. The holes in
which we had taken our position
were not in the trenches, and we
had to remove the dead Frenchmen
that had been killed by indirect ma-
chine-gun fire to find cover for our-
Continued---Ailette Dam, "Hell's Half Acre."
is not acoward's job in the middle
of a fight, when there are six to
one against you and you have to
stop and repair your gun, but this
was done and another box of am-
munition substituted; the one we
were using contained bad stuff.
The entire crew came to the gun
and worked like demons and we
gave those Huns h--I. The rapid
firing gun that supported us was
ordered to "burn the gun up" in
order to draw the fire to him so
should luck favor us we would
have achance to catch aflash Irmn
a Hun gun, which we did a few
minutes later.
I saw the flash, turned the gun
in that direction, took sight, and
opened hell-fire on him. Fro
right to left we swept adeadly ac-
curate fire, until silence indicated
the result to us. Gun number, sev-
en had opened fire on, us, his range
was a little too, high to .effect us.
One of the •Germans tried to, ad-
vance to our position; be was
stopped by an .infantryman. An-
other attempt, was made, to reach
us, with my gun in the right posi-
tion, another rattle of the gun, an-
other Hun was gone. • At this mo-
ment a rocket went up; from this
flare I could see another gun and
before he could change his range I
had mine elevated just six inches
above the railroad track. With
this advantage again I opened fire
and the crew fought until the last
man was killed. This , ended the
Germans' seven guns which were a
constant menace to our position.
Please remember this was one
American Machine Gun and crew
against seven German.
Next morning we received or-
ders to go "Over the Top" at 9
A. M. All prepared, and with a
yell the advance began. We went
over in genuine Yankee fashion.
There was no resistance—we•found
seven German guns and crews ly-
ing about the field.
By Private Tony Smith, Co. A, 370th R. I.
the End of War.
selves. We held this line for 24
hours and were relieved.
In our reserve position we were
placed between 4 batteries of ar-
tillery where we remained until the
second of October.—that night we
were moved 10 kilometers north to
a large dugout—our mess-wagon
Private Tony Smith..
was left .behind. On the third we
were - ordered to - otir .former posi-
tion for 'mess. - .•
The band of Fate -is everywhere.
'About this time the 'Germans be-
gan throwing a.1xix barrage : We
got no supper.
The, barrage :creeped slowly to
the ruins and shell-scarred build-
ings about us. The noise of
'shell screamed thrOugh the air in
their hissing sound carrying the
(51-
nen of death!
A flash of light! 'A stillness like
-death!. A terrible nOise and the
earth rocks about us. The Ger-
•man: devil had ' carried its mission!
- :Behold! Around us lay the
-dead *and dying! Deafened!
Helpless; my ears are without
hearing! 0 God! My conirades!
Like successive waves of light-
ning when the storm and thunder
sweep the skies—again and again
came these Messengers of death
and 'destruction.
The entire command was struck
down as wind and :storni . bear to
earth the tiniest plant!
Crawling on my hands and
knees in the darkness each moment
my heart quivering like a leaf ;I
had gone but a short distance be-
fore I reached a battery of heavy
artillery manned by Frenchmen.
At that moment a German shot
struck the muzzle of this gun, and
again there was death and desola-
tion—one gunner was killed and
the powder magazine was explod-
ed. Ikept feeling my way and at
length reached the dugout. Per-
plexed, confused, half-crazed, yet,
determined and dogged in the de-
termination to do my duty as a
soldier, Imade the best report that
I could to the captain.
My first words were, "Captain,
the company has been annihilat-
ed." Staring at me with eyes of
living fire, his jaws set—he stood
motionless for asecond or two.
"Who is dead?" came sharp and
quick from his lips.
"I can't estimate them, sir." I
replied.
"Go quickly and take a check
of the dead and wounded!" was the
command.
"Recovering from the shock as
best I could, Ihurried back to the
command. Before me' was the
most grewsome sight that hu-
man eyes ,ever beheld. • The - dead
and dying were everywhere. •Fall-
en trees, buildings of every kind
—complete desolation marked the
scene. •
"Halt!" commanded the senti-
nel.
"Who is there?"
"Soldier American" Ireplied.
"What do you want?" he in-
quired.
was sent here to check the
dead and wounded comrade."
"Every lbody in here is dead.
There is no use to check these."
"May I search for the wound-
ed?" •
.I inquired.
"Yes, if you wish," he answered.
Before me, ,O. God! rigid in death
was •Simon Monnd, my dearest
friend. I:could restrain tears no
.longer, the. task of counting the
unfortunate- dead-0 God, it was
_a terrible • task. Mangled and
bleeding lying before me with their
ghastly wounds. Heaven forbid
this scene again."
"Thirty-two of my comrades are
!dead and siXty-nine. wounded.
 Why We Are Permitted To Rejoice
The Victory Loan Must Be Used to Pay the Debt of
Bringing Our Fighters Home.. Read
Carefully Below.
Negro Band of the 814th Infantry Leaving the Celtic After Her Arrival.
Every one of our readers is ex-
ultant over the return of the no-
ble Negro troops from the fight-
ing front in far-off France and
rejoicing over their victorious
achievements, than which there is
not a brighter page in America's
part in the Great War. It is ad-
mitted by all that the dash and
daring and superb fighting quali-
ties of the heroes of the "Old
Eighth" and the "Buffaloes," the
remnants of which commands have
but recently returned to us and
been greeted with greater acclaim
than any other of the returning
heroes that the people have had an
opportunity to honor.
No wonder the white race gave
vent to their joy and wildly
cheered our heroic boys. No won-
der their multitude of friends and
their kin wept for very gladness
and gave them such a' loving, tu-
multuous welcome that the whole
city of Chicago fairly rocked be-
cause of the mighty demonstra-
tion. No wonder everybody, with-
out respect to race, color or creed,
idolizes our brave boys—our heroes
—the men who never swerved from
the path of duty, even though it
lay through rivers of blood and
the Valley of Death.
History will award to these in-
trepid warriors of the "Old
Eighth" and the "Buffaloes" the
full meed of praise that is theirs
and the honor that to them belongs
for helping to bring to avictorious
conclusion the greatest war of all
history, with triumph crowning the
American arms.
In your moment of thanksgiving
have any of your stopped to give
thought to what it was that ended
the war and brought your loved
ones and your dear friends back
home?
It was the money that Uncle
Sam borrowed on the strength of
it being paid back through the Vic-
tory Liberty Loan. The proceeds
from the Fourth Liberty Loan was
all used up as long ago as last De-
cember and the only way the Gov-
ernment could get funds to pay its
war bills and furnish money to
bring the boys home was by bor-
rowing it. Already Uncle Sam is
in debt more than four billions of
dollars, which must be repaid by
the Victory Loan dollars, and he
expects you who have benefited by
this vast expenditure of the Na-
tion's wealth to do his or her part
in loaning him the money with
which he may pay back the billions
he borrowed.
It now develops that the thing
that caused Germany to sign the
armistice and confess defeat was
the gigantic preparations being
made by America to continue the
war at least another year. The
Kaiser and his fellow criminals saw
their finish and the annihilation of
the German nation if they con-
tinued the war; they at last real-
ized that America with her millions
of men and vast stores of ammuni-
tion of every kind would wipe the
German army off the face of the
earth, so to speak, so they threw
up their hands an d yelled,
"Enough!"
The billions of dollars that went
for these preparations in reality
won the war without the shedding
of adrop of blood after November
11, 1918, and saved the lives of
100,000 of America's bravest
fighters, among whom are many of
the boys we have just welcomed
home.
Support the Victory Liberty
Loan!
 E -
g n'3„, 9
gP-n
13,17,'113ei LVD- W%
r
fig
c E >, 7, 12
z
n 0 0.3 t-
04_ cr, -s

•
4-1 •-• g g
L_ L_

c _9. c
c -
o.to; 174 32 •- •).•
-o
ta, 3 'Uo LS c
t
...1 • -.4 •-•
r3,8 tr3 2Egt ,B ;.,3
• A' .•
c)112,0
,„ '-,',,''''
a, 'C a7c a. a.
EE cti
T
..
* il cc
.. '1:-1---=
tL\,
C-r•-•15 -ral' ' *,, At '

• t ,,-, . 1.-- >,...-, - .' Xek,

S') ••••,

Ix
-C-) S-LP .0". •
0 2% 2 5-)-•,., S' , Y1,
If 1I' a
k
••• z
c••,c
gq,lo,- .. e -0,-24 •-
1.1
9- a 72
2 ..,....--4---7 -.

U.. - - ..' -51 •=-,--' * .V..'- ra,,

• , 4 0
••••• t
.s
, ,
L1 ,
N
' q "
)C"' S' • <1
41'5 -1 ay
W
4, r. 0
Is
c "" 9"F-'• ',- "j"
c.2t.q1,1-:2 reto 2 : ,35
:
,EP w,•-•`- z a P.P.

A-
,1 IS

al
‘1- 1.--
'
.,L, z Z
uo 40 - -
6 „,, *
71
2\

I'P ,. §) ;1 ,,,. ▪e '1, —,

N-•"C LOD

's, ,, ,rn 2 )
-763L)a t: )••••
,_, 1,
44 ,..:. '\ t.,
•••:-
1 \174
.s.N. '
g0\-- P1,
° /<
• )CL
i111341
617S °
4-4

vo.r0f1 E.-"?.-..
,
74
1 ol z ci)V
4 1
:z C
, Z 1 ii >. 12 • ten '-
`,5 °Ck
tD•xo4 o 6" E
'

ti..1

0 ' :a 1" 5 4,0 ) -9' 1,..1 i--

. 4 ••---- 2^ 2 < 1
‘'• C% ''''
' '8 .• I , t 4 < ii
ta .< •..). .c ‘; fr
u)

G 0 1- 0 L)
11 :: 1
:6 1
f.ao, c, Z 2,3 '•":.

0 • •-- 43'..,Q
CI zj.,_ EL_ Z t :
13 A trIllt-' S
• , >•• 11

&a, = 8"' I <2 I

- M Z ' t':- EL -I t•j
L
- -
:___4'614/0 :
11 0310 7 a
7 .---
▪ *-- •
.-- "
--*--- t .71 -k.7- '- i -111. ,
z 't, 1,1 n • a. U cF
122 I a_ • (
4,Z'
c a• c7i
zr) 5 Cl'e h' , r) E I
s (I)
0- •
Ibi- L
I g 2
1 ,
ICI.Z%"•i,§' - 4
S
-/
ict IX

CC •.• ?-
Z " EI"`" •

0 <
.
40.
2'*

CI)

°
v).4‘,211 I

0
Oirk.' ".‘.1.•),
2 ...„
,%.;_y•.c:=)=,k‘..)..
.
-.-.-....-.1%. 1 T.)
t, 72.5
••)). • L'.
'•-• ..,.,,.

-"
• g l,
r -.'. 2,
.1 .,- Ci,
2 (3

7 -'` i .k s-gM
Cr) .;,.. .0
.
2 '.,,:-' o,. -
• g -s 0. cc3:,
q
-

c4O, i 9
. ,9 r, •,;,,.<

efn
>, L-
1 ;_-• EL 17)gcE
i '- Z :z`5X= , 212 < Erlz.•
0.4
E : .< D 5 -,,,,... El cr
:g
< 1 "•• (
f)
Oj ! i.
i --1 ,7cia AI L) ' I X '

.1 :Z ." L'
'' '
s„3 .
5
(/) oi E
'.a. C.P .... -
I
c). `o
c..
0

A r t.3z_a
g 2 c t.)
.i <
CC i
I Q I 0,1' Ll •kt.
•-•
' i c co Y •
i I
i g, (:) • ''s f- LI 1.------.7 1 I p= Fi
i z i l
.----

1
1,, 0, v)
o
\
\-\\1,z..\\.\%1\2,%`:..,,,\.,,\ •'. , 0 .0 4
.,. , I 0 1
. et Ck o
0,
. ct '
0 i

Y 2 -4§, 0 N. x
- 0-4

41
4 ,3
/ _ k c
y ...,
5 CI-M
3 SOUTHEASTERN

0 45 < 22

>.. t \.\•%\•\.1\\..\\\ Li :_ 9
2 EASTERN

. .... 2
• \..\.%\ z
k i -------. itt. ‘, g• •-...
•
.d't.N -----•-•-•---. qt.'5)
IF:G9, r 1 •‹c * - -.1
--7----- -•a -i

p,
# c)
a
...
I-
#\
/
Nig

.
# ___
.c,LE,-
r,:),

4 *0

q
•_...:,......., .„,.

CD

-._
\A ,E
•7)
•••
••••••.„ /
- 0

/ x.. \ E, 45'
/ G

/
0L,-
-

Icy onCOM,S

L.. 0_4_
 atmoararmas.n: n
100 000 SOO 400 000 1000 :700 ?00

1f=
-
Capitals °Lem:lades :0 Becufaary Csoltalsgi
itallroads:-- Submarine -TdlegraphLne

The provinces of 111165'0,1re shown thus r-111,01114

The district names shown thus/ seams serif- in the rest of
E`urolle are mediteval kingdonts and prosinee5,p0pUlarly Wed.
bUtill most oeses,are not no legal division&

T),
rb.
0
-

CZ, -

45,210 Square Milei.

e
sio (Abdul; CeX'1'16°
 North C
(Nordk

bona -05

Foe

of Ri

giber-

im

Get

di

sof
PRINCIPAL DIVISIONS OF EUROPE, WITH AREA
AS. EN 00,0. W. Of .g. II.
ANDORRA, republic, 175 ITALY. kingdom, 110,646
AUSTRIA, empire, 115,903 LIECHTENSTEIN, principality, 65
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, empire, 240,942 LUXEMBURG, grand duchy, 993
'LIELGIU51, kingdom. 11,373 MONACO. principality, 8
BOSNIA ANu HERZEGOVINA, MONTENEGRO, principality, 3,630
governed by Austria-HuKary, 23,262 NORWAY, kingdom, 124,445
BRITISH ISLES, PORTUGAL, kingdom, with AS,...
BULGARIA AND EASTERN Ru- and Madeira Islands, 36,038
MELIA, principality, tributary to 120,979 RUMANIA, kingdom. 48,307
- Turkey, 37.860 RUSSIA IN EUROPE. empire,
CRETE, under European control, 3,326 including Caucasus. 2,136,962
DENMARK, kingdom, 15,289 BAN MARINO, republic. 32
ENGLAND, kingdom, 50,867 SCOTLAND, kingdom, 29,785
&ISOM FRANCE, republic, 204,092 SERVIA, kingdom, . 19,050
GERMAN EMPIRE, 208.830 SPAIN. kingdom, 197,670
GREECE. kingdom, 25,014 SWEDEN. kingdom, 172,876
SWITZERLAND, republic, 15,976
.1 1(ormo <ALS sitnew HOLLAND ( NETHERLANDS), king-
OS b dom, 12,648 TURK KY IN EUROPE, empin, 62,744
Cyclkitp HUNGARY, kingdom, . 125.039 WALES, principality, 7,442
421 4 xi t'""' ICELAND, Danish, 39,756
P cfi
ow.,
s

v IRELAND, British, 32,583 EUROPE, continent,

25 ° .‘-W l\-sys."4."6
0 . 30' 315.a.setis r -

40 ° 45 ° Q 50*
 en
0 UI g
t;

› .1
0•E. -a ll
CO g-0 -0 0
2
g.T.1
"8 •
n
0 1.

-;
E -a 41
71
NN0v,0

(-1 E 4, 1
4
.*
r.T.1 o

° IS
0 g
trr.r3 E -
11

(.7 *

—0-gE
0 g.„ UI
14: LA'
08Y,„.
0
.
ri ;0c i
s
.s 14
E-1 .
bu

<
g
E

cn E

°. °

—0;4.44
EVE1.=
14

0
O r

726 rs

c4 8E.-t
4)
0 0 0
06 769
g o

Z •

g
a cd

r,„
< g 101

es
a 0 0
0 U.0 E
es
o -a c

b;
g 0 0
0 E
ez
: UI

Ts
o L
. a o 0
E UI
=14
o tom
-a

*
id

°
E
4)4 a
...
E° es
cd
us.
al...a 4)

-a

oT.
0 etS
u E
0

U. In o In
o
o=

0 u
,
4) ..
t g

'1:1 4 ;'
0
.4

E.=
a) bpi:
 Assistant engineer, coast artillery 51.00 Coppersmiths 66.50
Shipfitters 66.50
Regimental supply sergeant, engineers, cavalry,
field artillery and infantry 51.00 Electricians 61.00
Blacksmiths 61.00
field artillery and infantry 51.00 Plumbers and fitters 55.50
Sergeant major, senior grade, coast artillery 51.00 Sailmakers' mates 52.00
Quartermaster sergeant, quartermaster corps 51.00
Ordnance sergeant, post noncommissioned staff 51.00 Water tenders 52.00
Sergeant, first class, medical department 56.00 Painters 52.00
Engineer, junior grade, engineer corps 71.00
Engineer, coast artillery 71.00 'torekeepers 52.00
Hospital sergeant, medical department 71.00
Band leader, engineers, cavalry, artillery and in-
fantry 81.00 PETTY OFFICERS, SECOND CLASS.
Master engineer, senior grade, engineer corps 81.00
Master hospital sergeant, medical department 81.00 Masters at arms $46.50
Quartermaster sergeant, senior grade, quarter- Boatswains' mates 46.50
master corps 81.00 Gunners' mates 46.50
Master electrician, coast artillery 81.00 Quartermasters 52.00
Master signal electrician, signal corps 81.00 Machinists' mates 52.00
The pay of soldiers serving beyond the limits of the Electricians 52.00
states of the union, with the exception of Porto Rico, Shiptitters 52.00
Hawaii and the Panama Canal Zone, is increased 20 Oilers 48.70
per cent. On this basis the pay of enlisted men on Painters 46.50
foreign service is: Storekeepers 46.50
Private, private second class, bugler $33.00 Yeomen 46.50
Private first class 36.00 Pharmacists' mates 46.50
Corporal, artillery, cavalry, infantry; saddler;
mechanic, infantry, cavalry, field artillery, med- PETTY OFFICERS, THIRD CLASS
ical department; farrier, wagoner 40.20
Corporal, engineers, ordnance, signal corps, quar- Masters at arms $41.00
termaster corps, medical department; mechanic, Coxswains 41.00
coast artillery; chief mechanic, field artillery, Gunners' mates 41.00
musician, third class, in infantry, cavalry, en- Quartermasters 41.00
gineers, artillery 40.80 Electricians 41.00
Carpenters' mates 41.00
Sergeant, artillery, cavalry, infantry; stable ser- Painters 41.00
geant, field artillery, cavalry, infantry; supply
Storekeepers 41.00
sergeant, artillery, cavalry, infantry; mess ser-
Yeomen 41.00
geant, artillery, cavalry, infantry; cook, horse-
Pharmacists' mates 41.00
shoer, radio sergeant, fireman, band corporal,
musician, second class, cavalry, artillery, infan-
try, engineers; musician, third class, military RATING WITH SEAMEN.
academy 44.00
Sergeant, engineers, ordnance, signal corps, Seaman gunners $34.60
quartermaster corps, medical department; Seamen 32.40
stable sergeant, engineers; supply sergeant, Firemen, 1st class 46.50
engineers; mess sergeant, engineers; color ser- Musicians, 1st class 43.20
geant; electrician sergeant, second class; band Hospital apprentices 32.40
sergeant; musician, first class, infantry, caval-
ry, artillery, engineers; musician, second class, RATING WITH SEAMEN, SECOND CLASS.
NEWTON D. BAKER military academy 51.20 Seamen 835.90
Battalion sergeant major, field artillery, infan- Firemen 42.00
SECRETARY OF WAR Shipwrights ............................35.50
try; squadron sergeant major; sergeant major,
junior grade; master gunner; sergeant bugler; Musicians 41.00
assistant band leader 56.00 Bug!ers 41.00
Regimental sergeant major; regimental supply Hospital apprentices 35.90
sergeant; sergeant-major, senior grade; quar-
termaster sergeant; ordnance sergeant; bat- RATING WITH SEAMEN, THIRD CLASS
talion sergeant major, engineers; electrician
sergeant, first class; sergeant, first class, quar- Apprentice seamen $32.50
termaster's corps, engineers, signal corps; as Firemen 32.20

U. S. Army Pay sistant engineer; musician first class, military

academy 60.00
Landsmen 32.60

Sergeant, first class, medical department; ser-

66.00 COMMISSARY BRANCH.
Commissioned Officers geant, field musician, military academy
Sergeant, field musician, military academy 66.00 Chief stewards $83.00
Per year.
General $10,000 Hospital sergeant; master engineer, junior grade; Commissary stewards 66.50
Lieutenant-general 9,000 engineer 84.00 Ship's cooks, 1st class 66.50
Major-general 8,000 Ship's cooks, 2c1 class . ......... .. 59.00
Quartermaster sergeant, senior grade, quarter-
Brigadier-general 6,000 Snip s cooks, 3cf class 41.00
master corps; band leadei; master signal elec-
Colonel 4,000 trician; master electrician; master engineer; Ship's cooks, 4th class 35.50
Lieutenant-colonel 3,500 senior grade; master hospital sergeant; band Bakers, 1st class 55.50
Major 3,000 sergeant and assistant leader, military acad- Bakers, 2d class 46.50
Captain 2,400 emy 96.00 Landsmen 32.60
First lieutenant 2,000 Monthly pay is increased with successive enlistments. Stewaxds to commanders in chief 72.00
Second lieutenant 1,700 Cooks to commanders in chief 61.00
Enlisted men are provided with necessary clothing and
Stewards to commandants 72.00
equipment free. Officers are given fixed allowances
Cooks to commandants 61.00
Noncommissioned Officers and Men for quarters, heat and light.
Cabin stewards 61.00
Certain men because of special qualifications and Cabin cooks 55.50
Per mo. service draw monthly pay beyond the regular enlist- Wardroom stewards 61.00
Bugler, engineers, cavalry, artillery and infantry $30.00 ment rate, as follows: Wardroom cooks 55.00
Private, engineers, ordnance, signal corps, quar-
termaster corps, medical department, cavalry, Mess sergeant 86 Expert first class gun- Steerage stewards 46.50
artillery and infantry 30.00 Casemate electrician 9 ner F. A $5 Steerage cooks 41.00
Private, first class, engineers, ordnance, signal Observer, first class .. 9 Expert rifleman 5 Warrant officers' stewards 46.50
corps, quartermaster corps, medical depart- Plotter 9 Nurse (first class pri- Warrant officers' cooks 41.00
Coxwain 9 vate) 3 Mess attendants, 1st class 41.00
ment, cavalry, artillery and infantry 33.00
Chief planter _ 7 Sharpshooter 3 Mess attendants, 2d class 35.50
Wagoner, engineers, field artillery and infantry 36.00
Chief loader 7 First class gunner 3 Mess attendants, 3d class 34.00
Mechanic, medical department, cavalry, artillery
and infantry 36.00 Observer, second class 7 Second class gunner 2
Farrier, medical department 36.00 Gun commander 7 Marksman 2
Saddler, engineers, medical department, cavalry, Gun pointer 7 Dispensary assistant 2
field artillery and infantry 36.00 Surgical assistant 5 Certificate of merit 2
Corporal, cavalry, artillery and infantry 36.00
Musician, third class, engineers, cavalry, artil-
lery and infantry 36.00
Corporal, engineers, ordnance, signal corps, quar-
termaster corps and medical department 36.00

U. S. Navy Pay
Chief mechanic, field artillery 36.00
Horseshoer, engineers, signal corps, medical de-
partment, cavalry, field artillery and infantry 38.00
Cook, engineers, signal corps, quartermaster NAVY PAY TABLE.
corps, medical department, cavalry, artillery Per year.
and infantry 38.00 Admirals $10,000
Musician, second class, engineers, cavalry, artil- Vice-Admirals 9,000
lery and infantry 38.00 Rear-admirals 8,000
Captains 4,000
Band corporal, engineers, cavalry, artillery and
infantry 38.00 Commanders 3,500
Lieutenant-commanders 3,000
Fireman, coast artillery 38.00 Lieutenants 2,400
Radio sergeant, coast artillery 38.00 Lieutenants, junior grade 2,000
Sergeant, cavalry, artillery and infantry 38.00 Ensigns 1,700
Stable sergeant, cavalry, field artillery and in-
fantry 38.00 Additional pay for length of service and sea service
Supply sergeant, cavalry, artillery and infantry 38.00 and also certain allowances.
Mess sergeant, cavalry, artillery and infantry 38.00 CHIEF PETTY OFFICERS.
Musician, first class, engineers, cavalry, artillery Per month.
and infantry 44.00 Chief master at arms $77.50
Sergeant, engineers, ordnance, signal corps, quar- Chief boatswains' mates 61.00
termaster corps and medical department 44.00 Chief gunners' mates 61.00
Stable sergeant, engineers 44.00 Chief turret captains 72.00
Supply sergeant, engineers 44.00 Chief quartermasters ................- 61.00
Mess sergeant, engineers 44.00 Chief machinists' mates 83.00
Electrician sergeant, coast artillery 44.00 Chief electricians 72.00
Band sergeant, engineers, cavalry, artillery and Chief carpenters' mates 61.00
infantry 44.00 Chief water tenders 61.00
Color sergeant, engineers, cavalry, field artillery Chief printers 72.00
and infantry 44.00 Chief storekeepers 61.00
Chief yeomen • 72.00
Sergeant bugler, engineers, cavalry, artillery and
infantry 48.00 Chief pharmacists' mates 72.00
Bandmasters 63.20
Master gunner, coast artillery 48.00 All chief petty officers with a permanent appoint-
Sergeant major, junior grade, coast artillery 48.00 ment receive $77 a month and allowances.
Assistant band leader, engineers, cavalry, artil-
lery and infantry 48.00 PETTY OFFICERS, FIRST CLASS
Squadron sergeant major, cavalry 48.00 Masters at arms $52.00
Battalion sergeant major, field artillery and in- Boatswains' mates 52.00
fantry 48.00 Gunners' mates 52.00
First sergeant, band, engineers, cavalry, artil- Turret captains 61.00
lery and infantry 51.00 Quartemasters
Boilermakers
52.00 JOSEPHUS DANIELS,
Electrician sergeant, first class, coast artillery 51.00 77.50
Machinists' mates 66.50 SECRETARY OF THE NAVY.
 PRONUNCIATIONS
lielgiunt
Aersehot—Air-shot"
Olost—Altgawst
Andenne—Alin-den'
Antwerp—Ahnt-werp
Arlon—Ahe-long
Reaumont—Bo-mong'
Rinche—Ban'-Jhe
Blankenberghe—Blan-ken-
behrt-yell
Bouvigne-13(xi-veen'-ye
PAlleud—Brain-luh-
teat' .
nraine le Conte—Brala-
lub-Cont'
Druges—Breezh
Charleroi—Shar-lah-rwah ,
Cortemarek—Kort-mark
Conrtral—Koor-tray'
Diest—Deest
Dinant—Dee-nalmg ,
Dyle—Deel
Dixmude—Dee-meehd
Eghezee—Egg-a-zayl
Enghlen—Ahn-yang ,
Furnes—Peern
Gembloux—Chon-bloce
Cenappe—Zheli -naPP'
Gheel—Gall
Grammont—Gram-mong'
Ilae
Ilannue—Ilahm
lIasselt—Hah-selt ,
Herenthals—Ilele-eia-tals
Ileyst—Hiest
Huy—Wee
Jodoigne—Zho-dawn'-ye
Jougres—Zhoug'-r
Knocke—K'noc-keh
La Belle Alliance—Law-
Lacken—LaW-ken
La Roche—I-all Rosh
Liege—Lee-ayzh!
T.lerre—Laa-airl
Ligny—Leen-See'
Limbulh—Lam-bour'
Lipramont—Leep'-rah-
moan*
Lokeren—Lo'-ker-yen
Lombartzeyde—Lom-bart ,
aide
Louvaln—Lou-ven ,
Malines—Mall-leen'
Marienbourg—Mah-ree'-
om-boor
.\11dtlelkkerke—M141die-
Lerk
Mons—Mongs
Mont St. Jean—Mong Sang
Zhong
Namur—Nah-muhe
Neem inden—Nair'-v in-den
Neufehateau—Nuf-shah to'
Nieuport—Nen port
Xis elles—Nee-vel ,
Nonove—No-nor'
'Ostend—Os-tend ,
Ottignes—Ot-teen'-ye
. Pas de Calais—Pah-dc
Oudenard—Ood-mard
l'ervyse—Pair-reez
Itamillies—Rah-mee-yay'
Ramseapelle—Raluns-keh-
Renalx—Reh-nay'
Roulers—Rou-lay'
Sambre—Sahtn-br
Seraing—Seli-rang ,
Soignies—Swahn-yee'
St. Proud—Sang Prong'
Berry an Ilae—Bair-ree'-o- Camposamplero—Kahm-po-
hak sulim-pyttie-o
Besancon—lIch-zahng-song , Caprino—Kali-nree'-no
Ilethunc—Ilay-toon , Casarsa—Kalt-zar'-sab
Blamont—Inali-mong' Castel franeo—K ah-stel ,
Bordeati—Itor-do' frahn'-ko
Cavallino—Kah-vah-lee'-no
Lloulogne—Iloo-lonet-ye
Boinbonrg—Lloor-boor' Chloggia—Kee-od'-ja
Bourges—lloorzh Chlusa—Kee-oo'-sa
Brest—lirest Cit tadelia—Chit-ta-der-
lab
Bretenil—Bre-toy'
ClvIdale—Chee-vee-dah ,-
Calais—Kah-lay' la y
Chalons our Marne—Shah- Cod roipo--Koh-d roh-eer-po
long'-seer—Alara ,
Conegliano—Koh-nay-lee-
Cambral—Kong-bray' ait'-uo
Chambley—Shahm-blay' Como—Koh'-mo
Chantilly—Shang-tee-yee' Cremona—Kray-moh'.nah
Chaumont—Sho-mong , Dolee—Dohl'-ehay
Cherbourg—Sher-boor' Faleade—Fahl-kah"-day
CompeIgne—Nong-pee-enn' Pelt re—Fel'-tray
Conde—Kong-day' Faedis—Fah'-ay-dees
Creey—Kray-see Garda—G aIte-dah
Denain—Deh-neh , Gemoa—Jay-moh r-nab
Dieppe—Dee-elm' Gonars—Goh-nars'
Douai—Doo-ay' Glorizia (Aunt. Goritz —
Dunkerque—Dallm-keerk Cot it'-sya
Epernay—Ay-pair-nay' Istria—Ees •-tree-lib
Eldnal—Ay-pee-nal' Lago ill Garda—Lah'-go'
dee (3 ahr-tiall
Etain—Ay' tang
Laguna—Lah-goo ,-nah
F.tappes—Ay'-t app
Latisana—Lah-tee-sainnah
Fontaine—Fong-ten'
Lisciaza—lish-yale-za
Pumay—Fee-may'
Longa rone—Lon'-ga-roh .-
Givet—Zhee-vay'
nay
Oravelines—Grahr-leen ,
1.ozzo—Loht'-so
Mantago--Mall-nee-ah' -go
Hazebrouck—Ahz-bruk!
31antova—Malm-toll'-vah
La Bassee—Lah-Bah-say'
Marano--Mah-ralil-noh
Inon—Lohng
Marostica—Mah-rolls'-tee-
Lens—Laling ha
Lianeourt —Lee-ong'-coor Mestre—Mess'-tray
Lille—Leel Milano (Milan) —Mee-lah ,-
Longwy—Long-ree' nob
Imneville—Leen-veel , MIrano--Mec-rale-noh
Lys—Lees Mog.gia di Sotto—Mod'-ja•
Malplannet—Mahl-plah- (lee Soht'-to
kay , Mogliano—Mohl-yah'-noh
Marne—Mara Montebelluna—Mohn'-tay
Marseilles—Mar-say'-yeh belloo'-nah
Manbert—Mo-bale Montebello—Mohn'-tay -bel'
Manbenge—Mo-berz Motta—Moht ,-tab
Matibenge—MO-berz Mulna—Moo-ee'-nah
Oderzo—Oh-dale-so
Meaux—M.o
Ospitale—Obss-pee-tah' -
Meurthe et Moselle—Murt-
ay-Mo-sel' lay
Padoca—Pah'-doh -vah
Meuse-1\1cm
Palmanova—Patil -mah -
Mezieres—May-shee-air ,
noh , vah
Monttlidler—Mong-tee'-
Paluza—Painloot'-sa
dyay
Pavia—Pah-vee'-ah
Mont fa ueon—Mon g•fo•
hong' Pesehlera—Pess-kee -ay'-
rah
Montmedy—Mong-mek
Piacenza—Pee-all-ehen ,-.4a
Montretilli—Mong-troy'
Piave—Pee-ale-way
Nancy—Nairn-see'
Pieve ill Cadore—Pee-ay'-
Nanteuil—Nong-toy'
vay dee Kah'-doh-ray
Neuilly—Noy-yee , Plove—Pee-oh'vay
Nord—Nor Ponjana—Poh-ee-yah' -nah
Norvelles—No-vel , Pontebba—Pohn-teb'-bah
Noyon—Nn. Polite ill plave—Pohn'-tay
Oise—Waltz dee Pee-ah"-say
Orleans—Or-lay-ong' POIlt0II—Pohn-tohn'
Oye—Waah Pordenone—Pohr-day-noh ,-
nay
Bah-lay' Porti di Chloggia—Pohr t-
to-dee Kee-od'la
Peronne—Pair-run"
Porto di Malamoceo--
Relms—Renh
Polie-to dee Mah-lah-
Rouhaix—Roo-bay'
mohk'-ho
TOnen—Roo-ong'
Portogruaro--Pohe-to-
Sedan—Seli-dong , gLoo-ah'-ro
Senlis—Song'-lee Pradamano--Prah-dah-
Soissons—Su ah-song , mah'-noh
Somme—Sum Reggio Emllia—Red'-jo-
ay-meel'-ya
St. A rmar.d—San-Tar-
mong' RI
golato--R ee-go-lahr-toh

Tamise—Tali-meez , St. Die—S'ang-Dee-ay' Rocca—RohLka

St. Mihiel—Sang-Meal Roma (Rome) —Roh'-mah

Termonde—Tair-mond
Terveuren—Ter-voo'-ren
1211elt—Teelt
Thottrout—Too-roo ,
Thula—Twang
Tirlemont—Teer-lehrmong'
Tongres—Tong-r
Tournay—Toor-nay ,
Vervlers—Vair-vee-ay
Yllvordc—Veel-vore
Virton—Veer-tong'
Vise—Yee-my'
Waremme—Wah-rem'
Wavre- -"abv-r
Ypres—Eep-r
Irser—Ee-say ,
Zeebrugge—Zay'-bruggeh
France
Alre—Air
Alsne—Ain
Amiens—Ah-mee-ang"
Ardennes—Ahr-den ,
Ardres—Ahrd-r
A rgonne—A hr-gon'
St. Omer—San-to-mair' Love redo—Roh-ray-ray'-
doh
St. Pol—Sang-pohl
Rovigo--Roh-cee.goh
St. Quentin—Sang-kong-
tang' Saelle--Sah-eitee r-lay
St. Remy—Sang-Ruh-me' Salena—Sah-lay'-nah
Santa Giustina—Sahor-ta-
Toulon—Too-long'
justee'-nah
Valeneiennes—Val-long-
San Lorenzo—Sahn Lo-
s'yenn ,
ren'-soli
Varennes—Vah-ren'
San Pletro—Sahn-pee-ay'-
Verdun—Vair-dung' troh
Vervins—Ver-vang'
Santo Daniele—Saina"-to
Vitry—Vee-tree' Dahn-yay'-lay
Vosges—Vohzs Sappada—Sah-nah'-dab
Woecre—Woh'-vr
Serrawalle--Sa le-ah.vah'•
Zaydocoote—Zald'-koht lay
Sile—Seer-lay
Sondrio—Sohn"-dee-oh
Italy Sore rzene—Soh-vair-zay-
nay
Agordo—Ah'-gor-do Spilimbergo—Spee-leem-
bair'-goh
Alleghe—Ali-leg'-gay
Tagli mento—Tahl-ya-
Ampezzo--Ahm-Pet'-so
Anzignano--Ahn-seemyah'
no
Tareento--Tahr-ehent-toh
Arsiero—Ahr-syair'-o Thiene—Tee-ay' nay
Aslago--Ah-sec-ale-go Taimezzo—Tahl-met'-so

Arieuxe—Ahr-yuh , Asolo--Ahf-so-lo Trey iso—Tray-vee'-solt

Armentierres—Ahr-mahn- Auronzo--Owralin'-so. Trieste (Aust.)—Tree-essi-

tee-a ir' tay
Aviano—Ah-ree-all'-no
Arras—Arrah , Bassano—Bali-saht-no Udine—Oo'-dee-nay
Aud ru I
co—O-dree-ko Vaidagno—Vaid-dahn'-yoh

Ilariedue—Bar'-leh-duke'
Pa val-13a1W-ai
Beau f
Beawcals—Bo-Tay ,
Belfort—Bel-for'
Bergues—Bairg
Berlamont—Bair-leh-tnong'
Ilergamo—Bair'-ga-mo ✓alstagna—Valli-stahn"-
yah
Bologna—Eo-lohn'-ya
Venezia—Ven-ay'-zee-ah
Ttorea—Bor'-ea
Verona—Ver-oh'nah
Brenta—Dren' ta
Vieenza—Tee-chen'-sah
reseia—Bray r-sha
Villa f,anea—Vee-lah-
Butrio--Boo'-tree-o
Ca moot ormido—Kahm-po-
Vittori—Tee-tohl-ree-oh
for'-zu ee-do

'
 THE CONFESSION THAT GERMANY STARTED THE WAR
The deceived German people, hoodwinked
for nearly four years into the belief that
England started the war, are now being
gradually permitted to learn that this is a
slight error which can be corrected by
merely substituting the word Germany for
England. When that is done, perhaps the
official German step will be to ask England
what her peace terms are. At any rate, the
first step has been taken. No less an auth-
ority than Prince Lichnowsky, Imperial
German Ambassador to Great Britain in
1914, has given the whole case away and
fastened the blood-guiltiness for the war ir-
revocably upon Germany, which did not
merely permit Austria to start it, but insist-
ed upon war when Austria shrank back.
Even the German press now admit that
Britain is cleared of blame for the world-
conflict, and the German press supposedly
take the hint in such matters from the auth-
orities higher up. Ex-Foreign Minister von
Jagow, too, agrees with Lichnowsky in ac-
quitting Great Britain.
We have the secret memorandum which
Prince Lichnowsky wrote to justify himself
in the eyes of his intimate friends. This
memorandum, to the discomfiture of the
Government, finally became public, and it
proves beyond a shadow of a doubt that
Germany, headed by the Kaiser, was the
"sole and only begetter" of the present
world-conflagration. First of all he con-
firms the fact, so often denied by Germany,
that the famous Potsdam conference really
took place on July 5, 1914. At this confer-
ence, Germany and Austria decided upon
war, which they would inaugurate upon any
convenient pretext, and as a result Prince
GERMANS TREAT U. S. PRISONERS IN CRUEL MANNER
American prisoners of war are being
shamefully treated in German prison camps
if all have had the experience of an Ameri-
can interviewed by a French soldier, also a
prisoner in Germany, just before he escaped.
The Frenchman's story, as told to Ameri-
can officers, follows:
"A short time before Ileft Hameln, Han-
iS IT ERLAND,
"*.
:9021:11PAerrfenan
11-
t-.
Red Cross Etisstners
Supply Warehouses •-•
A U
WHERE GERMANY IS KEEPING CAPTURED AMERICANS
The black squares show 27 of the German prison-camps.
Prussia. The Red Cross reported 231 Americans in these camps at the beginning of June.
American prisoners are thought to be on the way to camps.
supplies enough to maintain T2,000 prisoners six months.
Lichnowsky received his instructions with
regard to his attitude in England. He says:
"I learned that at the decisive conversa-
tion at Potsdam on July 5 the inquiry ad-
dressed to us by Vienna found absolute
assent among all the personages in author-
ity; indeed, they added that there would
be no harm if a war with Russia were to
result. So, at any rate, it is stated in the
Austrian protocol, which Count Mensdorff
[Austrian Ambassador] received in London.
Soon afterward Herr von Jagow was in
Vienna, to discuss everything with Count
Berchtold [Austrian Foreign Minister].
"I then receiired instructions that I was
to induce the English press to take up a
friendly attitude if Austria gave the 'death-
blow' to the great Servian movement, and
as far as possible I was by my influence
to prevent public opinion from opposing
Here are the most salient features of the
Prince's revelations. He says:
"My London mission was wrecked not
by the perfidy of the British, but by the
perfidy of our own policy. ......I had to
support in London a policy which I knew
to be fallacious. I was paid out for it, for
it was a sin against the Holy Ghost.
We pressed for war. We deliberately de-
stroyed the possibility of a peaceful settle-
ment. Sir Edward Grey, through-
out the whole of the negotiations, never
took open sides with Russia or France in
order that he might not supply any pretext
for a conflict. The pretext was supplied
later by a dead Archduke."
Under a heading entitled "The Question
of Guilt," Prince Lichnowsky says:
"As appears from all official publications,
over, Iwas able to have a few minutes' in-
terview with an American soldier who was
taken prisoner several months ago on the
French front. Being unwounded, he was
assigned directly to a prison camp. Weak-
ened by excessive work he was forced to go
in the salt mines and being unable to stay
longer, he was sent to Hameln.
The chief camp is said to be at Tuchel, in West
Two hundred more
Our Red Cross has stored at Berne, or in transit,
without the facts being controverted by our
own White Book, which, owing to its pov-
erty and gaps, constitutes a grave self-ac-
cusation:
"1. We encouraged Count Berchtold
[the Austrian Foreign Minister] to attack
Servia, altho no German interest was in-
volved, and the danger of aworld-war must
have been known to us—whether we knew
the text of the ultimatum is a question of
complete indifference;
"2. In the days between July 23 and July
30, 1914, when Mr. Sazonoff [the Russian
Foreign Minister] emphatically declared
that Russia could not tolerate an attack
upon Servia, we rejected the British pro-
posals of mediation, altho Servia, under
Russia and British pressure, had accepted
almost the whole ultimatum, and altho an
agreement about the two points in ques-
tion could easily have been reached, and
Count Berchtold [the Austrian Foreign
Minister] was even ready to satisfy himself
with the Servian reply,
"3. On July 30, when Count Berchtold
wanted to give way, we, without Austria
having been attacked, replied to Russia's
mere mobilization by sending an ultimatum
to St. Petersburg, and on July 31 we de-
clared war on the Russians, altho the Czar
had pledged his word that as long as nego-
tiations continued not a man should march
—so that we deliberately destroyed the pos-
sibility of a peaceful settlement.
"In view of these indisputable facts, it is
not surprizing that the whole civilized
world outside Germany attributes to us the
sole guilt for the world-war."
GREAT LOSS IN WEIGHT
"I do not remember the name of the man
or the number of his regiment, but he had
been among the first Americans in the
trenches and his home was in New York.
He told me that during the three months
he was in the Harz mines he had lost thirty-
three pounds. He was a man who was sol-
idly built and it could be easily seen that he
had been vigorous and healthy, but when
I saw ihim he was incredibly thin and so
weak that he could hardly cross a room
without stopping repeatedly, leaning on
pieces of furniture or supporting himself on
boxes piled there.
"Englishmen also are badly treated in
the mines. I found out that three of seven
who were sent back to Hameln died. Pack-
age service does not exist in the mines and
the prisoners receive practically nothing.
Their only nourishment is from thin soup
made of barley or cabbage, sometimes salt-
ed codfish eggs and 'those of other fish
which it is impossible to eat.
BEATEN WITH BAYONETS
"There are few potatoes and very little
bread. It is impossible for a man to work
without becoming sick or weakened ,to the
point of falling down.
"The men are struck with rifle butts and
the flat side of bayonets and are placed in
dark cells on bread and water. These cells
are known to the mine prisoners as 'hot
chambers,' as they are heated by steam to a
high temperature. After the men are held
in these cells they are turned out in the
snow, where they are required to stand at
'attention' for a certain length of time.
Needless to say, deaths are frequent.
"This American had been punished sev-
eral times in this way, and he told me all
that I am relating to you. I am able to
confirm his story because other Englishmen
and Frenchmen I saw at Hameln did not
have the strength even to hold a cigarette."
 DEPTH BOMB
The "Depth Bombs," about which we hear detonation produces 40,000 cubic feet of gas. "The destructiveness of the bomb against
a good deal in the newspaper accounts of Now, when a mine or bomb, or torpedo war- the submarine will depend upon two things;
naval fights with submarines, are simply head is detonated, the expanding gases seek first, the depth at which it is detonated, and,
charges of high explosive so arranged as to the line of least resistance. In the case of a secondly, the distance from the bomb to the
explode when they have sunk in the water to torpedoed ship this line leads into the hollow submarine. Manifestly then, it is advisable
a certain depth. These can be made in any interior of the ship, the incompressible water to detonate the bomb below the submarine, as
size desired, but the average type in use car- forming an abutment in all other directions; the shock transmitted will be proportionately
ries about 250 to 350 pounds of trinitrotoluol, but when a mine or depth bomb is detonated greater than if it were above it, other things
which is about the charge of the modern tor- the line of least resistance is upward; and the being equal. As to the distance at which an
pedo. Their effectiveness consists'in the fact gases quickly cut their way to the surface, explosion would be absolutely destructive,
that they do not have to hit the submarine to carrying a fountain-like mass of water to a rupturing the plating and sinking the subma-
destroy it. We read: great height into the air. If the explosion rine, Mr. Hudson Maxim writes us that if 500
."Its destructiveness is based upon the
takes place at a considerable depth, however, pounds of trinitrotoluol were exploded deep
fundamental fact that water is incompressible,
the resistance to the upper escape of the gases under water within 125 feet of a deeply sub-
and that the shock of detonating a mass of
high explosive under water is felt immediate- is greater and the shock transmitted through merged submarine, it would completely de-
ly in all directions-the effect diminishing, of the water in all directions is proportionately stroy it. Smaller charges would, of course,
course, with the distance from the bomb. • increased. Failing to blow up the surface of have to be detonated proportionally closer to
It was stated by Hudson Maxim that four the ocean, the bomb must blow in the sub- the submarine to secure destructive action."
cubic feet of trinitrotoluol at the moment of marine.
GREATEST BATTLES OF THE 18TH
AND 19TH CENTURIES
18th Century
Name Date Men Engaged
Blenheim 1704 116,000
Ramifies 1706 122.000
Oudenard 1708 170,000
Malplaquet 1709 200,000
Dettingen 1743 97,000
Fontenoy 1745 90,000
Prague 1757 124,000
Kollin 1757 87,000
Leuthen 1757 111,000
Br flan 1757 110,000
Zornderf 1758 84,700
Hochkirch 1758 132,000
Zullchau 1759 113,000
Torgau 1760 106,000
Castiglione 1796 90,000
19th Century
Hohenlinden 1800 106,000
Austerlitz 1806 148,000
Eylau 1807 133,500
Hellsburg 1807 169,000
Friedland 1807 142,000
Eckmeihl 1809 145,000
Aspern 1809 170,000
Wagram 1809 370,000
Talavera 1809 109.000
Borodino 1812 263,000
13aptzen 1813 300,000
Vittoria 1813 143,000
Leipsic 1813 440,000
Le Rethiere 1814 120,000
Laon 1811 112,000
Ligny 1816 169,000
Waterloo 1816 170,000
Magenta 1859 108,000
Solferin0 1869 296,000
Civil War
Shiloh 1862 98,000
Seven Pines 1862 90,000
Gaines Mills 1862 90,000
Malvern Hill 1862 150,000
Second Manassas 1862 127,000
Antietam 1862 128,000
Fredericksburg 1862 190,000
Chickamauga 1863 128.000
Chancellorsviile 1863 192,000
Gettysburg 1863 163,000
Chattanooga 1863 99,000
Stone River 1863 80,712
Spottsylvania. 1864 150,000
Cold Harbor 1864 168,000
Wilderness 1864 179,000

Koenigratz 1866 117,000

1
Worth 1870 136,000
Vionville 1870 168,000
Gravetette 1870 320,000
Plevna 1877 115,000

ABOUT THE ARMY

An army corps is 60,000 men
An infantry division is 19,000 men
An infantry brigade is 7, men
A regiment of infantry is 3,000 men
A battalion is 1,000 meee
A company is 250 men
A platoon is 60m
A corporal's squad is 11 men
A field battery has 195 men
A firing •squad is 20 men
A supply train has 283en
A machine gun battalion has 296 menn
An engineers' regiment has 1,098m
An ambulance company has 66 men
A field hospital has 55men
A medicine attachment has 13 men
A Depth Bomb need not actually hit a submarine to destroy it. A major general heads the field army and
NEW WEAPONS AND METHODS OF THE WORLD WAR also each army corps.
Nation Which In- Poison Gas Germany
A brigadier general heads each infantry
vented or Introduced Anti-Gas Masks Allies brigade.
Airplane United State Tear Shells Germany
Submarine United States Goggles Allies A colonel heads each regiment
Tanks Great Britain Star Shells Germany
Zeppelin Germany Flesh-Burning Gas Shells Germany A lieutenant colonel is next in rank be-
Allies
Anti-Aircraft Guns
Giant Land Guns
Great Britain and France
Germany
Smoke Screens on Land and Sea
Liquid Fire Germany low a colonel.
High Powered Explosives General Bacteria Germany
Germany
A major heads abattalion.
Trenches and Dugouts General Poisoned Wells and Candy
Anti-Submarine Steel Nets Allies Destruction of Land Fertility Germany A captain heads a company.
Anti-Submarine Depth Bombs Allies Terrorism and Frightfulness Germany
Hand Grenades Germany Slavery Germany A lieutenant heads a platoon.
Steel Darts France
Anti-Zeppelin Inflammatory Shells Allies
Propaganda Sowing Treachery Among Opponents. Germany
World-Wide Spies and Plotting Germany
A sergeant is next below a lieutenant.
Bathed Wire Entanglements e enerai Starvation fIermanv A corporal is asquad officer.
 10 11 12

T i
_
la 10 20 22 22 23 1...10.1• C.. kens 0....... 25 , ‘.....

J---
28 •29 .0
I I

7 7,1galgt.3
1.
*Tarnopol
WFS'1-C It

Partfuld

BULGARIA, ,
0
. 0. 0

Su y o
/ ROUMANIA, SERVIA ...4 ,
:

...)... ...y.,-. MONTENEGRO.

0 IC haii
.thigh.,
) Xolom.
0 KI
SCALE Or M.

10 20 CO 80 IS) 100 420 140

p., ...LIvac ,•
, I ,Bas..1
...a 0

°OldcioP
ohdlistal
.
t s i II .. alea0
11111111
•• •
, .
AI
11 11*1 1
A U S
Plan, Stlattl.* /••••-.-./,....,:-;;‘"•-'''''' 4: .
1
T I .
...OM l tu t
tl.
: . I
loS • 1
BUDAPEST ... 3 31,,nnver
1.
if . nAungo
• ..F6Ta-h
•
H /
i‘lt ).:, •-•
N
tP
-,"_. .
/ s•-•••••
Taws o5e. Deka.'

A R .NARY. Nem....
kola.
U
i•.. .,,,,,,z4
.
2I.p%,S
le
.,
*
._-. ......j .... ),

4 .rad oC keu
De. B.' I, • .....
13 C ',..1.aln , a • ‘•',
allitiliW ,,,
igi o 4.1%1,014010 ..., .',. Times,
Ai Kama, o
4 TWeitt4, ,' Matra •• 4,:„.n
7 .'
a 1 to's "... VT A. RAS ISIO
: P.a. . ..1
GO. l
!
.alblua
.
i
o ' •. 't I, „ill ".
•if Tarh u 1
,•''
‘....
• l'...
( k.,,ea ..... Mel" 0 T., o laul. slit1 *9
1
Sere a. a 6.
,„ . ........ ,odd
Baegedin
,I' ,
.... • • .- lonant• t...,,I.
S I EBENB rtG EN
Arad I. 1,60.0, 0 6. i . LIE
.4
• Z
0-.
4 Alnra• Nagy Sandar,y Z•. ......_

\Iiii
5.....ar
Alm., _
• eo , *kn.'
Jr,,,,••
j,M ' Taw avow
1A,.. ••• ,..".,
I -- Bruca IlcumenustoCt IM° . LC111022
0 4 radalla
.••••
s co t; t
4
reaConrar
1 A.... 41, „am' ...... CS44 . I ,
Bel 1.e ,,
..
.ft g. Bane ,
. V $ ,f .
'.• `'' ' ... ... ''' -•k A .4, Pc,„ko m ..,4„, A
,•
44.,„ !!,),•40,: ,, ;d -
i.•;•;,•, 'j.„..f- '
4•:, ' x..1:1'.,,..
-.,, ‘ - , I Lake 1 ....•-,,
,it,••,...
: ,

Iron , -sarat .. ., "

•=.-.
, a.I1 la I 4 .'........:'
e... , sP,tX

Z. • ., A
T .R . sx.,3.4.
\ d't..i. -q.- .;•- ' ,,s, ' • 1V\%5
- ..„,0 4,1.1.0..6... ..,
"b•••••thc ''''''''
',',''"'• S vent o •t uko * •' _I P\ ...t . •....,.., , .......,,,,, _...- F.0.
V 3 o ' Wank,' . Kukla.

zr.,tg........,,,,....,„,!..... tt
,
:zk,„,..
/suer . ,... *". ..• ar4 Mt. Kusisa, •,.... 1 . X .. .1 ot•'•ikstaaaaL
0 TtiItha. ..,-...... .....
'...!

i
'At . '
'mos •"..,,, 44.14a...°4.•,0.
k 11;3
.' % lk-
,,
Va,,,Ieo..iK::: 4•
IrJA '',.".", h o .

a
„ .„, irsoacIfyl TIrck OW' •;
,,,,,IO 0 ,,, 00111c.
• ,
-1.1rue
le Mon collt • PA.Kflaid
c.....1..a. vu resinVo ,, I•orl'Id.' Billba: I • ,. .. Aaadagh •
nob. Coast1104 Ponel.'07:1' ''''''''. (Pilnaall 000 .04..0 .
liukuru nad prgOvlohtea I. Nodu , v...
0 SW,. a,. • 141 ,611ADI. '.. '''("..."*. Pekes)" 9
-
..,'1 '
.7,...a, 2..o4teshl. . ',A'" j i. Cja:i::: 'iv _I I
V..
.."."'
42'.Cr.-4
.

OSCelirlik as
n.. 11-
1,,,_, - _ VERCIOOPO, , vtr 0.probloot
IN 84,18IIKUP I • m 0 a ,r• ,ttu .
i k illoglol • ''' " •
s.% criu•nr rp
'tr..1..4 '
• ‘ ' -= -- iS' ai-• , ., . "..- Z,NTAP,EA M.P , K. '"" ..... ,., ..r....•O a,PCP k ai • P• ft!: .,0,1` 01 k"."P*00 • - MO.
n
cztul
•Ti:4 ......k
, ' I

.Zarlk• ,, 8.4 " '..,.'

Kurtmo
SwornIk , ..I -_ 0 A1Vk•• j* , ,,OreEnn.
>; 1
/
40 I
- ,fs..,,
,,ratala. 'lint.,
I
\'"'!''' C'"'il. Out ••• DO,Vitil --.---.:=
.., ,.... °T....
_*--„.. ...K.,...,,. • . C* V, E!
'"Ar 1,1, e .. . - re 1.1'''
___.,ni,_„4 ,
'
tr) .,,...E....i.a. rala.,,.. 11 :IN.'''. K4'...• *----4 -- UKI X -I,,
, , 2•000•
°°. 1•'••" " s.,takrrva,\F..,
1,?vo,......r,..P.Korata,,, Yr, Pi_a{ta ° ° , S. browse, •
s .
• .., en B.° ''''' k V:ku..41,u '''''"' 0 ' ,,k,. Ke*goe.1.,1 P. ,,,
• „ ,5Or Kwartd,
'Th* '..7.
n[l.
m Nbalta Radevalt I g -r***L• o 2. till, ,T7.•
,'&''4,__
=- aBel...
. • q..'',...'fg, o pon.111•• .- sir 2, ---.'• t /
3•7 '
Takel 0 '..d. 0,,,....- .n .,._,,j1,....... E.W...."
Wolk larocu; .** ...'4"1:1:Zrats .." ,
...an._ .41avkavItaa A...,,1 9,. 0 • ,''''L, 6-*.' t. ;1114-
. .....r.,:r• . .1...rolo lea N '' ...,..
k
A
- '70" RUMOR'S .. '1 10' Kau, .• ' \‘
.. a.10.10. 0.2.4
--, ..- - ,..... ,...,„ . ',,,„,,...
.

Ilonenas . Kra ulevatz • . - •'' Dal 0. ...octr...... -

Jek.ata RE 111d1tt
c, ,,.. v.,...., kao
LI.opyok
•( • . ,,,,„.. e A ...ION
'
,
''''" 'I
. 00 .°8 `o
..)....e. • Allata•
Ao
all.Xot, g l
oiCaupLa7•
..,..,

kis
,...!•••1••• VIsIto =aka ',I e. t•• I
' - .., .,,,, ...d41, tlo li.,.: .Di . o1kkaaloplar illuata.2.1.1
.. s...0 6.4* T„
--tif.%,,.• ,taa i
,..... • 1. 0.00., 1_ Ta.:fiditttitItt0
1koll
q e -- 4 ...WU.

rrotri
. r
'It.. r''''''''
'' 1... ,
......., ', •,,, 9%,
4.)r,.•
1 '',(,, • 11414 02, * Sole1:4 ,
.. -."0`"
r,, ll '
> 1.nojts *ii•th•al,, Sniek M _ f: 'irlelsil, rposuo

"1.4-- ---r ,..r -. 5: ..„,,p,yp-k,..„„0,,, IASSE

0."'" 114.4 0. / P. • 'S't.,
OIko'',10Ao h..X. 1, Tnks., °r"*"" + 8.4* KkashaVali I
, • 1.• 1 4 .. 1 . , TIM/
totals =__
- -• 0„
- --r•* . 1 Stodechua "i•,,
,, ,,, 1 . ruChav%t; ..... Al•• ,^
0.?
. : •T
emend •-•'''
. ,r1Itandr 1;1.47 .• sist.v. , 'w t.,17.2-
,4. .'
,„,,.,,".
e it T.01.. „,Misit.nr ... , ..e
sline i
rix.....
•PIevea ,.". _.‘,_ Pd" Ib% ° a0.1t.10. - ° AIWA 1 ,, e, .,,, A !Chnd. At. * , • ',M,WI
-
' 'etre A
l6s:'
sr s:/
17_..._,. 7
,,,° "la.*
s 1.0,, .. Pre • .
,.9.? . g.,.,•,,,,o
,,,, ,,,,,, .... ,.T, ald•TrstOnik• ....r .•••./
,,, :4;:r
ul .
v
vi.., ----T-BP7.A P:
A4,1-i
I a ll
:,
B W ',.k., ' b ° Play. Upoliza
t' i
kSllondr
Y04" 1/:d
ol d iploMut:.::..
ii
..
• .,..1,,,T. ..,
0 , rIff.za -.-%...
k o
-4.-•,- -. 1""'?
7 t‘ ic \,,.•., K°1 "
.`",./ . . .11 _ ,,,,,, .,-,!--„,-;-„? .
LK.,
14 s:::
i- 1
T::-:-/
? ":1
:', 71 :::,
Q1.. ---g
.:11 hdiu-"ta ^,. ,...‘"?*1li*,"4
00:":„?,,,-°;;r27 t: Amilir
-- .7 ans :
t-g"um
Ni oh
g . -.. r7 „. 121 ‘vA74,......
4
!004° ache oV -
/Taw. WI.,
••"°. .
° K..hurn11 Int. k 1 cri,Arcif:11 mtit °
. \ 0 P.I. t.... t6 " 1 ,7 '°. mva....t ,1.1.,co,...m.,1 . v. 'Woo you.,
ZUMMEOF
e •Sat•O Se filf, ta .58l,54.
1 •.•'' Ralsar -•• . .2 0 .,,,,,, D. '.
._ _,-__
P'•"
'•••0 _..,,,,.` lo Ift.D;.1 Sat .1°3 StInKl, 0. a.• "-.• - ,, ,, ,./.
'M..: N I •
-pl a va _ ...„. 1,,6,,..a. e ',...k.loVoe •V.4. • o.1 Ionata -,,,,,,, ... ....e. • 0' •'T°I. '
,-.....- ,,, .t .i.4
'',.
vas o ' 1.,..13,,iti,, ....y.. Drk....• 101.6 ,,,, ',.. ' _l*S1.-i
,..-,-...-• ... Mkails 7 k- rovItza .
e.eppb
. "''N •a Kedlg : * ''''''Ai'Lt."" ...rg:P" t r'
, " Z. Vi
llis
tle• °" "L u-4,1:
4 1:•tf.,.,k7,7,k.....•:./
A1
L idi

s
T LI Orli... ''Berovlse
.1. „..1.. i•.,.?.j. ,
,
..--j'Ertufg‘L'irt. ...., '''' "` ,..V..2:,•"'Z' - ..F
, .., ' ...7i,01
, 471„;. 2:‹
. .; ' •...,A,,,,,, . ...CIPS , ES0.04 _-",-- -
'ow. ., .,,. P plahtIntio.,,,,,t,
sk 1.1
raer.2,..0.1 \ '' ,SOFIA - ao...all
L
' N.
,.,_1.,.';.-If"'
, -.
a .14tChal ret,P°
. .:. u"°" °.
vin .)
t
Rau .,•I
...a. • , v,,, A,
. P•Ullskey e,Tijao lassie- ..... Modish Tan SatIOVf-±. ,F.,--
-=
- =-0,-
-- -= . :==
3 litatn10, ' Ur 11. T . ...f, ..t r t 1. 1;,. t .PERallt 9 V4 * '
klISJF
E1
g
•.'"I'd"hi‘"c Talk.] Nmard Tents. ra •srl i Sorel. , Oaf ef Be -',..._ - - -
.. * . • o .1.001.1
* ' ... A ' \Di,ana P.."I 10* 5,0,2•,..
''' 044
0 • 2 e • . . I uk. 4 " • '-*--ITE
" rld
"f-Sn-e' r‘tk.k.* 4 etrabeht ..* .....inr7- )...:
V .°' ' ..\,
X. falir
o
. .0111.
, .....6. ,, -, R _
Rm •tp. „ 'ma ') 74
• Btra•M * IfeolCdIA M Klt Hann
Soul. ''.. .0..
• ')
. °atoned . ° * r•
013aza0J1k ..,r• .. ,,,..,
o Toloan 4.. ,
.4.1 Rans.br
,. ........
Atal, a.m. I -,.... ''....10.• •
.._

°Kurt; ( • S.1 .̀4.1 'w t .."( ° nee N ''

• 1211111,118,01 a. HAD.LIE * si r. 0.... ,,,,,„f °souk _,=._
Imait•s- ___Tr, -
, 0
Du --- obitanals 'nen. p ifner 4%•••••Iya j K•imuo 1:nnu • r . 14V- ,us-•7 -. „,.. i.T,... ...ISM'. K.R.

LS _alit
g'
Sawa*
efaataola
-
,.-- ranv •
10 .) ta•
IlIaltatga
Su c
,
u ,, ,),,,,,,, ,stcol.• •• •03.4 ,' ,1^t _,.:-.„
,,
1
v k amm.,._..
011ezaf.` . •• o =_-_ tt._=_..-__
- , _
li4ii.
OW Of Dli• =
.
'• ° • '
"' 'r''''
re,, u • if:: p..4
zT _......., .o.,..
- .
r, ,,,,,,
x
-_-=.
.-.:•',-=„..,„ *
.....none•• ik-KI SO
,,,141,1".•=0W.-41-
/ IRAS.
Cult MA&
h• /11.11t14. - '-°'so XlVjala
CAPERODON 0 KbastiA % ‘. T .
...* ".". Ifell, Ta. ..• "...
Rad ias,7,- . __ 'VIP'', X • ot
• qa - "" • '
0 . ,.1 ‘
.' _ j. 0' 1. de ° A'• I Hat,. T.. . - Tka •-,.._..,__.,__

E•
0 81'N° ,,
X "t*\•'•
,srprrA ,..'..,
2,4,

h CAPE P• •
• - •
"a
' 1
trim)
..
• ,• '
1
•
• 1
•9:.
. '‘',
04.

. 4.11an,2,1••-•
••.,
Dettrclet: * I Mi4.52 7:
.
.
e ...ala =a ".•!It ,..0.1
.
Lula burp. , .
'-• Any . Ile . - • Irkere ea.,. ..f i. -.
_
.
• Kabala ,• feu 0 . a ow a 1 ,riigua-h/erea,t e 1..C.,,
F.4`4,„ Di _ _ ‘ 1.4 KatEau ,.. d... ..., - ' si.W., .•
d
.."....r. -,-• .,........; ..1
,,...., -
4 r l • s N
v.. DAN..
tk. 1../../.0•. I.

...lea. ..
.. i. .
erlaIsla
r jc I B
. c '''''1 9°*"''

-•%..r.sige
Vert:A
kte,,;,......:0„,,,, •,‘ 1 6„,,., -- .7,. x.,... / i _ _
110 ,

I
• ..• u ... 1, ,Ijak a. la 990,9, -• ......---• • .4,-5 -- -no.-
- . 0 - '7 kutarl
- EY 10. S ",e '.. "'" ,,,, T1.11029: 9014111 009 L. G' ;''•9"•?..IV p l ." 0--
= 9...,
, .
''.;!tr•1011,0419
ir". -- , ‘
-1.1i.“,... Tarilt,.1,.. ,... r • 'Arch...Lk,
194 r19.9999t - Nadlk
ekuk,..I.' Ia
, 1","..›..1... • I'117%'•101 ' •
Pr.8. ••14 , ° .all ...; *.i. S&L'', r ,,,,..,,, •''
• / -P , T.I.rs.
.
--
e F
,.... 0 .
lc • Tautok Sta,.;., ••48.4,1:. ".. T r'
'" - G Iof 7•••••••
. • in • it. 30 0 /
. 0......V.;.., L. .
Takata ,i- Mr ...amt.. i lats...
o ... '?,...,..
G . .
cc.2.3 r.1. R, :If 0 I:
_ G.I1 4' ....----"° 1•••• , , J
Seszneis,„ 'IL on ' iii • ?4"
1,01
f,.. e s' HAS03
, ...e.
Is a
,-.....,..`',..,
• . . .0 I
Aston.. . ....
0.1.410: ,,..3..tatv . fivirner/oOe
I Ill •IeNue* CATE NATI SAM •THRAKI ISLd
.ca 4:s IWO.
lean
P i a
7----- -' P•kal \--EL, ,. relight*. Riede. ,IT.. ......

"K la _,--- , 0. Uterine.' a ta.Q. 'Nadu &Iv,.

• laia• la .•
Serfldje XPITI. 1..,- ..• • 1148002 ISL.
1, 0 9 OA
, "" 0'.
tarp.
•
LIteak ° ii. *fre41.1 AMOS Mt.
WA-
aI:G*44s l• S 40
,,; ... . •uli.
V ,76,7; . , $ a G 7L. 114 .4y_•_. 5..
,a e•-•• GAPI$7.04conaa n..e ii.i.,
.0 dlii . / s 1 ....Pimar.un, ....^
,7= .4....
FAx0 41,0 oak, \t•rilr.rj,r, ./u.. o
....p .41••••• an liale.1
7« , LEMNOS ISL.
Merome. le41 ,,gt,a,,, Idly-Sudan. 0 •
'S'
fit. '
..t.eltrn,,'.p.T..... ' an
cot kt.._._._......
1, 'T. "204.
0 a... of .: ,, e ./,. '.'s,s, . Slkla • ' ''''

'J.
0 ii.i.4"La !flesh.
4. CORFU .... NuIeso i TrIk •
I Paratm;.o\W• i 1. I•
LA'. NIP
AR4HI PE LAGO
• '

. We
STRAT.10. C999
X .0 coil° , A I A.
'V
Ch.,0
C.pe 8 ...I'
ll. ° " 4" 'Ward tha • .
.1.• * i ° Lela.. A.
rear., * (.10.jef s..,1(...
NEttaaoia k ‘.......
1
PIIX 7. .,. Tueolla t e
a M ITS E .•:.
I'
ANT. Ms, T,,,-
.4,,,
,.„ V Its IPERISTCR1 R i..A. 80

r. Tr
gEGE'AISr .....?... 1
I rr C00 Soto.41.04
..
N 0
low:
a.,
&Meat Lo-
M
Sat. la
V
.. 4
.• .° •
, 8ARTA M. p........c.. -.7,... P..
(../
z.
E C
4.•
E
49 S E AP-uI
P c
4,
. .. Cad. I.

S E A .7., SIITIIISI

- a
U.0.4 KMi08 ISL.
lapotlas L.
I
PHA/. I

,,,,,,,,,,....4

'
foisk:iii.iiiiett • y....14 aa Cp...
,,, ATHENS 1....../.2 EN Ere. atemowlek. 28 29

8 8 I0 it
 Army Enlisted Mena' (Bronze)Collar
DISTINGUISHING MARKS Army Enlisted Mena' (Bronze) Collar
Service Devices, (New, Oct., 1917)
Service Devices, (New, Oct., 1917)

U. S. U. S. Regulars. National
Regular regimental
Army number
Guard
Army
National
Army
ARMY-NAITY Collar Arrangement
U. S. regiment, right;
Service company, left
Infantry,
company
letter
Cavalry,
company
letter

A HANDIFREFERENCE GUIDE
Maris of Rank, Arms of Service and Specialty worn, on'
fiat., collar, shoulder straps and deeves in the U. S. Army, Ordnance Medical Machine Gun Anti:
Navy and Marines, showing 280 devices, practically all Dept. Dept. Battalion Aircraft
Anny-Navy'marks of the Line at time of this is.km.
Information on Army. Navy, Marines uniforms, Duties
Coast Engineers, Signal Quarter , of the Arms of the Service, U. S. Army Officers' Commands,
Artillery Co. Co. letter Corps Master Corp,' U. S. Navy Officers' Commands. Relative Rank of Army
and Navy Officer. etc.
New Army Collar Devices and Aviator; Inaignia.
SeondEliiar{IR5vi,edtoIan-.i;ioig
IT. S. Head- Div. Amm. Intelligence
Guard quarters & Supply Police
flo., etc. Trains

Field
Artillery, Recruiting Trench
UNITED STATES ARMY and C.A. C. Service Mortar

Officers' Shoulder Loop (Silver) Insignia Devices (Bronze )ofth e Arms ofth e Serv i
ce
Worn on Army Officers' coa ts an dshi rt co ll ars; also on Pr i
vates 'Serv i
ce Caps. See the dut i
es o fthe Arms o fth e
These insignia are silver, except Major's and Second Lieutenant's, which are gold. Service on back page. All in sign i
a,et c.. here i n re l
ate to Army-Navy Line service uniforms only. No medals or
war service colored ribbon badges are slio wn herein.

General Lieutenant Brigadier Colonel

(new insignia) General General General

Regular National Guard National U. S. General Adjutant i

Army Army Army Reserve Staff General's Dept. General's pept

Major Captain First Lieutenant Second Lieutenan

(gold) (2 silver bars) (1 silver bar) (I gold bar; new)

The President of the United States is Commander.in-Chief of the Army and Navy.
Judge Advocate's Si gna lCorps Engineer Field Coast Cavalry
U. S. ARMY OFFICERS COMMANDS OF THE LINE.—A General commands an army; Lieutenant
General, army corps of two divisions; Major General, army division of 27,152 men; Brigadier General, brigade of Dept. (including Aviators) Corps Artillery Artillery Corps
two regiments; Infantry Colonel. with Lieutenant Colonel in second command, regiment of 3,755 men, comprising 3,078
infantry (divided into three battalions of 1,025 men each) balance being machine gun company, supply companyr
headquarters company, etc.; Major, battalion 1025 men. There are 12 companies to aregiment, 4to a battalion.
Company numbers 256 men in command of Captain, reserve Captain, 2First Lieutenants, 2 Second Lieutenants.
4 platoons (59 men each) to acompany, Lieutenants or Sergeants in command. A squad, 7men and 1corporal
commanding, is the smallest unit. Other Service Commands are similar to Infantry. Generals are known as General
Officers; Colonels, Lieutenant Colonels and Majors, Field Officers; Captains and Lieutenants. Company Officers.
On Nov 8, 1917, the U. S. Army and Navy had astrength of 2.007,391 men. subject to constant increase. The
U. S. Army rumbered.1.735,820 men, divided as follows: LT. S. Regular Army. 378,000; U. S. National ruard Army.
469,000; LI. S. National Army. 616,820; Special Bra tic hes, 2..0.000; Reserves. 80,000. A considerable pi °portion of
Infantry Machine Gun Ordnance Quarter Medical Ambulance Nurses' Dental Sanitary VetetinarY
the Army. including Marines, was on the French Allied Battlefront on that date, with constant accessions arriving.
Battalion Dept. Master Dept. Corps. Corps, Corps. Corps. Carps.
Corps Med, D. Med. D. Med. D. Med. P. Med. D.

Army Officers' Service Overcoat Sleeve Cuff Marks

Lieutenant Major Brigadier Colonel Lieut. Col. Major Captain First Lieut. Second Lieut. Officer Recruiting Aids to Chaplain West Point Officer's Officer's Collar U. S. Army
General General General (5 braids) (4 braids) (3 braids) (2 braids/ Ibraid) (1 brown braid„Interpreter Service Brig. Gen. U. S. M. A. Cap Device Arrangement Button

Army Non-Commissioned Officers' Chevrons; Privates' Specialty Marks; Etc.

Regimental Regimental Battalion Color First Band

60AA 6Z-
4,,t4N.
Assistant Sergeant Sergeant Corporal Sergeant Master Hospital Sergeant Sergeant Corporal MasterEng. Master En. Sergeant Battalion
Sergeant. Supply- Sergeant- Sergeant Sergeant Leader Band Drum Bugler Hospital Sergeant let Class Med. D. Med. D. Senior Grade JuniorGrade 1st Class Supply Sergt,
Sergt.Med.D. Med. D. Med. D Eng. C. Eng. C. Eng.C. .
Eng. C.
Major Sergeant Major Leader Major

Sergeant Corporal Chief Engineer Asst, Fireman Master Master Elec.Sergt. Elec.Sergt. Radio
Master Sergeant Sergeant Corporal Ordnance Sergeant Corporal Q. M. Q. M. Sergeant Q. .C. Q.M.C. Mechanic C.A.C. Engineer C.A.C. Gunner Electrician 1st Class 2nd Class Sergeant
Signal lot Class S. C. S. C. Sergeant 1st Class of Sergeant Sergeant 1st Class F. A. C.A.C. C.A C. C.A.C. C.A.C. C.A.C. C.A.C.
Electrician S. C. Ord. D. Ordnance Sr. Grade Q. M. C, Q. M.C.

Coxswain
C.A.C.
Plotter
C.A
ocle
Casemate Observer Observer
Elect.,Chief let Class 2nd Class
Chief Gun Gun
Loader Commander Pointer
1st Class
Gunner
2nd Class
Gunner
Ist Class
Gunner
2nd Class
Gunner
Target
Excellence
©eon
Fitt-rier
Med. D.
Saddler Wagoner Boraeshoer Military
Police
Planter, C.A.C. C.A.C. G.A.C. C.A.C. C. A. C. C.A.C. CA C.F.A. C. A. C.,, Mine Co. Mine Co. C.A.C. (arm band)
F. A. C.A.C. C.A.C.

Ram
Mechanic Cook lot Class U. S. Res. Off. Bugler Stable Mess, Batt. Supply Co. Supply MilituT Junior Aviator, Observer Enlisted Aviation Enlisted U.S. Battleplane
Private Training Training Sergt. Sergt. Sergt Sergt. Aviator Reserve Aviator , Aviator. Mechanic Men Wing Mark
Inf. Camp Camp (Last five chevrons are discontinued but still worn) The first three above are (left) breast officers' marks, AviationSection, Signal Corps; second three, sleeve marks
There are First Class Private service chevrons in Inf., Cav„. F. A.. C.A. C., S. C.. Eng. C., Q. M.G.. Ord.') Med D enlisted men. Aviation Section wears (Dec.. 1917) regulation Signal Corps collar and cap devices.
_
 Capturing Hindenburg Cave
By Sergt. E. A. Means, Co. G. 370th R. I.
There are Few Incidents of the Late War so Extraordinary as the Capture of this German Stronghold.
Daring, Courage and Bravery Did It. This Incident Marked the Beginning of the Crumbling
of the Famous Hindenburg Defense.
The first trenches I was in was
at St. Mihiel Front from there to
the Argonne Forest, then Soissons
Front where Iwas in the first bat-
tle.
I was ordered to take a detach-
ment of men (32) and move to a
position where there was a French
platoon of 57 men waiting to make
attack. It is useless for us to tell
of the danger and hazard of our
work—war means death almost
certain, and our zones, it would be
wasting time to tell you or to at-
tempt description of the awful rate
men were falling. Before we
reached the French platoon, the
enemy threw a shell killing three
of my men. It is hard to say, but
we could not care for our dead—a
moment's stop perhaps would
mean death for us all. We lost no
time in reaching the position of
which we were to attack.
Arriving I found that the
French platoon had lost their of-
ficer in charge. I was ordered by
Capt. Gonier to take charge of the
French platoon, an honor that
did not expect. Fate often plas•
its part as events shape their course
in human destiny. As ametaphor,
I might say, the President of the
United States occuping the high-
est seat of honor in the council of
Allied nations, a quasi World's
Republic, and two million Ameri-
can soldiers standing at his back
dictating the law of anew civiliza-
tion.
We made the attack at 9 A. M.
Here the enemy lines were about
150 yards from us, and when we
went "Over The Top" stern re-
sistance was offered.
Shouting, and yelling, and firing
our guns at the same time rushing
like mad men we went for the ob-
jective "Hindenburg Cave." In
shorter space than it takes time to
relate we were on top of the en-
emy, and Iwant to tell you super-
men could have did little less than
these boys in destroying everything
before them. Fighting like dem-
ons, yes they went a step beyond
this. They threw themselves upon
those Hun much in the same fash-
ion as a well trained Terrior at-
tacks a rat. No commands was
necessary, we just fought and won
the objective.
Inside of the cave there was
about 275 Germans with hands in
the air crying—"Kamrad!" "Kam-
rad !" "Kamrad!" "Kamrad!"
At this time we had forgotten
our German and I was asked by
the men what to do. I told them
that we did not have time to take
prisoners.
You ought to see those boys "fix
bayonets." There was no orders
given. They began to sing, there
always seemed to be a leader
among them, while they were sing-
ing they were making the world
safe for Democracy. Of course we
thought of home, German mustard
gas, German torpedoes, ruthless
submarine, Belgian horrors, raped
women, murdered babies, the deso-
lation of France, atrocities in Ger-
Sergt. Mathew Jenkins.
man Africa—and behind each
thrust of the bayonet was the spir-
it of awronged civilization. Fritz
may be cunning, but like all other
rats their purpose was foiled.
We remained in the cave for 48
hours without food or water to
drink, and the worst of all we could
not get amessage back to my regi-
ment until the third day.
After capturing this cave our
trouble really began. Three count-
er attacks were made upon us,—
and of course you know being the
"Brown Skin" boys of the 8th we
had to make things good. Altho
our ammunition gave out by capt-
uring 17 German machine-guns
and ammunition, we were able to
make our enemies respect us. We
turned these Hun guns against the
Huns and the best execution Iever
saw taken place. The Germans
could not get near the cave. We
captured it and we held it.
On the night of September 22
we relieved. Out of the two pla-
toons there were 23 men.
For my duty as a soldier the
government of France has honored
me with Croix De Guere and the
American government, American
Distinguish Service Cross.
Artillery Action
The 350th Field Artillery Proves Again
the Wonderful Adaptability of the
Negro to Military Knowledge. In
Action the Men Were Excellent
in Behavior.
The Negro artilleryman is anew
and progressive step in our recent
military organization. Not since
the Civil War has the Negro been
apart of this branch of the Ameri-
can army. Infantry and cavalry
regiments were the only units of
which he was apart, yet with won-
derful aptitude and intelligence,
when the opportunity came we
Were easily made fighters of this
class of a high character.
We arrived in France June 28th
and at Podi Usion Artillery Train-
ing Camp we put on the finishing
touches, and soon became a de-
pendable part of this branch of the
American army.
September 18th we took our
position in a sector at Belleau
Woods and began shelling the
enemy positions. Barrage from
our guns covered the advance of
the 371st and 368th Infantry,
which were apart of the 92nd Di-
vision in their advance against the
Germans in this great strong hold.
Our dual with the enemy lasted
72 hours during which time the
conduct of our men under fire was
admirable and a high commenda-
tion of the wisdom of the War De-
partment, who saw fit to make no
discrimination in granting to all
races of America, equal honors in
the various branches of our fight-
ing units.
It would have made your heart
glad to see these gallant boys (Ne-
groes) in the height of supreme
courage—alert, erect, matchless in
their faultless uniforms driving be-
fore them the ruthless Hun.
Eighteen of our company were
gassed and one received a slight
wound. It can be said again—our
pride in serving the Flag of our
country is the germain principal
of ever black fighter in the Army.
 Taking Machine Gun Nests
A Story of Hazard, Hardship and Bravery.
The use of the machine-gun in
the army as a defensive and offen-
sive weapon today has come to
stay. No military organization is
complete without it. In the great
war against Germany, it was one
of their principal weapons of effec-
tiveness. This fact was well un-
derstood by the commanders of the
Allies, and a machine-gun squad
became apart of every company of
infantry. Placing these multi-
triple shooting machines in strate-
gic places in concealment, perhaps
added more men to the casualty list
than any other agency.
German . science never failed to
be apart in the program of placing
and -concealing their guns, and
hunting "machine-gun nests" be-
came an important occupation for
us. So dangerous was this work,
volunteers often were called for.
The lives of thousands of the boys
who returned home to meet loved
ones' and friends are due entirely
to •the peculiar intuition of the
Yankee soMier in hunting and,
finding these nests and destroying
them. Rightly they should be
called nests as often they were lo-
cated .iri tree-tops. You might say,
Amen! when the boys would find
them "Hun squirrels" we assure
you fared no better fate—than the
squirrel when the good marksman
has the range. The sharp eye of
the American sharp-shooter and
the ring of the rifle often brought
these animals down head first.
"Hindenberg Line" and its in-
Vulnerable defense? It was im-
pregnable until the Yanks came
Over, then we picked it up and car-
ried it towards the Rhine. The
memory of its human suffering--
its cowardly defenders who at-
tempt to use the "Flag of Truce"
to conceal the spirit of murder re-
mains vivid in my memory.
In order to get our position in
the trenches where we were fight-
ing, we had to cross avalley with-
in the range of the German fire,
and according to their plans Ger-
man artillery was so placed that at
intervals of two minutes, the entire
valley could he raked with shrap-
nel, in addition gas-shell could be
sent equally as effectively—nor
was this all of the preparation for
the boys—machine-gun nests occu-
pied advantage points; thousands
of French and Allied soldiers
found . this valley their grave—
"Death Valley" aptly was given
its name.
By Sergt. Lester Owens, Co. G. 370th R.
Beginning Sept. 24th we were
in the first line trenches and for
two weeks day and night we were
in the fight without rest or sleep.
Here the boys saw real war and
many of my best friends were
struck down by the enemy fire. I
stayed with the boys, until I was
forced to leave for the hospital.
Returning Iwas ordered to take a
platoon of men and destroy ma-
chine-gun nests near our trench.
At 4 A. M. we began our perilous
trip thru forests which contain
every known method of destruc-
tion. On hands and knees we
crawled until daylight. The sound
of abroken twig or the least sound
-..
óf'al neise on our part might cause
a,thousand guns to be. directed -on
us with., deadly effect. -This was
one time the boys did not do any,
shouting or singing. Our path led
thru water and mire, over obstruc-
tions of first one nature then an-
other, almost without clothes,
bleeding hands, and thirsty lips, ,1
guess had anyone seen the despera-
tion in the faces of these men—and
the terrible appearance in that
grim attitude silent, they could not
have taken us for human beings.
Our mission was aserious one. If
we - could get those "nests" our
comrades' lives could be saved, and
the regiment behind us could ad-
vance.
The Morning sun came out and
I.
as the rays of light spread over the
great wall of green forest—its
penetrating rays shifting thru the
leaves, we lay upon the ground as
silent as the earth scanning the
tree-tops for "nests." One by one
the animals we were looking for
could be seen in their concealment.
Each man was given atask. The
sharp ring of the rifles—a dense si-
lence and six nests lost their occu-
pants—the seventh offered some
resistance, but it was useless—we
had orders to destroy them.
We captured seven nests with-
out losing aman. Another patrol
was sent to look for us, so long
were we absent.
Each man in this detail was cited
for bravery.
The Acme Club
The Most Encouraging Sign
of Today is the Spirit of
Returning Fighters Who
Appreciate the Flag
Under Which They
Have Fought.
We, the undersigned persons
honora,hly discharged from mili-
tary duty in the United States
army—"Over Sea" forces—for the
purpose of aiding the government
in its effort to instill in the minds
of the' people the higher aims of
patriotic duty, and to place before
them the spirit of valor with which
the Negro fought for the cause of
human liberty on every battle front
in Europe; print and cause to be
published stories from the lips of
our heroes. There are thousands
of these brave men today whose
silent graves on yonder blood
stained field of battle stand as the
unimpeachable testimony of cour-
age and valor.
The purchase of this book by you
will aid the cause of the club and
at the same time furnish employ-
ment to alarge number of our dis-
charged men, who at the present
time are without employment. ,
The title subject of this book
"Heroes of 1918."
We are greatly indebted to Mr.
Z. Withers, Editor Pullman PoTter
Review, whose efforts contributed
largely for this attempt. . ",`
We are yours for the integrity
of the flag.
Sergt. Oscar 'Walker, Treas.
Corp. Stanley B. Haywood,
Sec'y.
 The Eighth Regiment in France
A Graphic Description of this Wonderful Fighting Organ-
ization Full of Thrill and Interest, and How France
Honored Them—Told in Pleasing Manner.
The little Iwill say, perhaps, will
interest those who are my acquaint-
ances and end there—so much has
been said and written concerning
the wonderful record of the fa-
mous 8th Regiment of which Iam
fortunate, to be a part.
In the "Over Sea" forces they
were a part of the 73d Division
whose valor and patriotism in the
great struggle on the Western
Front writes again in our annals
the truth of the Black fighter as a
defender of Liberty and Law.
Perhaps it is well to say that the
test of a soldier begins before he
faces the enemy in battle. Our
test was not first on meeting Ger-
man soldiers but on the American
soil—at home. Conditions at
Houston tested the discipline of
our fighters. Courage is the "sun-
light" of the fighting man, an in-
visible something that beautifies
the mental horizon and creates the
superb ideal — patriotism — the
spirit to suffer for another and die
for that cause which you believe
to be just and right.
Company G, 8th Regiment ar-
rived in Houston, Texas, Monday,
August 20, 1917. The day was
one of beautiful sunshine, the at-
mosphere clear, and every man was
cheerful and happy—our hope was
"over seas." A company of the
24th Infantry was stationed at
Camp Logan as guards. It was a
great pleasure to meet the men of
the 24th and we soon felt ourselves
apart of them. Our pleasure was
soon blasted. The unfortunate in-
cident which shortly followed
caused many days of anxiety to
our boys, and incidentally atest of
discipline on our part. Uneasiness
akin to dispair swept our ranks.
Were we to be halted on the mis-
sion of the world's salvation be-
cause of the conduct of men, al-
though our brothers, that we were
not responsible for? The riot be-
came the discussion of the Negro
soldier; and the enemy propagan-
dist eagerly seized this formidable
means of attempting to rid the
army of the Negro soldier.
Against the wishes of the most
hostile opinion South, Secretary
Baker stood by the Negro soldier
and in October, notwithstanding
objections from every source, more
units of the gallant 8th arrived in
By Sergeant Oscar Walker, Co. G. 370th R. I.
Camp proudly carrying Old
Glory, where they were received in
fitting military manner. This ova-
tion of itself placed us again in
buoyant spirits and made us feel
like soldiers and men. The order
and discipline of the Camp became
widely known from comment of
the Southern press and our boys
were received everywhere as sol-
diers and citizens of the United
States.
A short stay in camp and we
were rounded into first-rate fight-
ing men and each day weighed
heavily upon 'our shoulders—the
souls of these anxious fighters ere
Sergt. 0. Walker.
this had caught the spirit of the
boys "over there." Don't be dis-
appointed in our inability to de-
scribe the wild scenes of enthusi-
asm following the Order for Em-
barkation. Cheers, shouts, yells!
filled the air. Never before had
Camp Logan resounded with such
joy. The boys in France must
have heard us shouting and singing
so great was the hope to share with
them sorrow and sunshine, sacrifice
and trial. I might add, it is too
bad those Germans did not hear
the boys of the old 8th Regiment
as they rent the air with shrieks
and shouts; if so, probably an arm-
istice would have been signed ear-
her. If there was any discomfort
aboard "President Grant" from
crowded quarters, never a word
was spoken, not a murmur was
heard. These men, seasoned to
hardship and deprivation, were sol-
diers. A fourteen days' trip on the
ocean never dampened their cour-
age—mind, soul, heart and all com-
bined for a noble purpose.
France was anew country to us,
but the cause we represented was
not new—Democracy. Deeds of
heroism and valor—Ahl this was
the spirit in the blood of the black
hero and France welcomed us as
defenders of home and fireside,
women and children. Thanks be
to God, the glorious records of our
heroes, living and dead, is the un-
impeachable evidence of the Negro
as a soldier!
Arriving at .Brest, immediately
we were attached to the 73d Divi-
Eion of the. French artily. Aaer
camping at Brest about two days
we entrained for the small village
of Grand Villars. Here • we be-
came better acquainted with the
French people and their customs.
The camp life of the French is
somewhat different from that of
the 'American soldier. Sometimes
you will find small units camping
in barracks, while most of the sol-
diers live .
in homes with civilians,
which is known as "billeting."
This was our first experience of
that kind of camp life. In the vil-
lage there were few men, and there
was .no one. who could speak En-
glish. We were prepared for this,
howeVer, as several of the boys
with . us were excellent French
scholars. This added to the regi-
ment's popularity, and much re-
gret was expressed when orders
came for our departure.
From Grand Villars to Tron-
ville, and another order carried us
to the "Front Line Trenches" on
the banks of the Meuse. Here it
was under the baptism of blood
and fire the names of the men of
this regiment with that of another
thousand who fought side by side
with us, shall live immortal. Here
I ponder, for words fail me in the
attempt to describe the awful car-
nage of human blood!
Iponder—could you who were not,
there measure the price of Free-
dom won in the face of the wither-
ing fires of hell, where athousand
men died every minute as amillion
guns of every calibre breathed
forth the missiles of death? Iwon-
der do you at home appreciate this
Freedom so dearly won at the
price of the best blood of civiliza-
tion! Think! You who hold so
lightly the gallant Stars and
Stripes. We were there, the black
race with the white race, and bap-
tised again in immortal glory the
greatest .flag of the universe—Old
Glory.
It was here the Germans had put
up their strongest defense. There
was no part of the earth that was
not organized. The thought stag-
gers imagination. Millions of men,
guns and equipage were assembled
and with the careful calculation of
the German War College prepara-
tions were made to resist the inex-
haustible forces of the Allied na-
tions. Looking from our trenches
could be observed France's most
battle-scarred hill, Saint Millie'.
It was at the base of this hill in
1914 the river Meuse was filled
with French and German dead—
for days this stream was the "River
of Blood," its waters changed red
from the flow of human blood!
Everywhere there were double
lines of barbed wire stretched in
our path in every.conceivable way,
and the constant rattle of machine
trin fire was like the constant rain-
'drops in a storm. The hill afford-
ed natural protection for enor-
mous guns of every description and
in unlimited quantities—they were
skillfully placed. Saint Millie'
forest, here large trees of every de-
scription help to make this place
the "Gates of hell!" It was
through these lines and against the
blackest type of cowards in the
world that our boys gave their all
for human Liberty, and the honor
and glory of our Flag. Remain-
ing here ten days we endured rig-
orous trench life and were relieved
by the 125th French Regiment.
Our duty was principally combat
patrol. We hiked from here to
Dagonville and after anight's rest,
we proceeded to Loaxville and en-
trained for Vrain Court; this
brings us into the Argonne Sector
where heroes' blood in its fullest
redeemed forever the sacred cause
of human Liberty.
Fighting was -very active at .this
time as the German offensive be-
gan the night of July 14th. After
ten days of hard fighting we were
relieved by the 18th French Regi-
ment and it was here we lost the
first man killed by a German,
Robert Lee, Machine Gun Co. E.
The lives of members of our regi-
ment seemed to be charmed. The
dead and dying were everywhere
around us and our men fought like
demons and were in the thickest of
fighting.
VVe can ascribe asmall casualty,
not to any human agency for the
merciless fire of the enemy was
poured out against us and we kept
up a withering fire against them.
So constant was some of the firing
that rifles became so hot as to be
useless.
We were next moved to the vil-
lage of Bar-le-Duc and became a
part of the 59th French Division
10th Army Corps under General
Mangin, known to the French as
the "Butcher." After review by
General Vincendon, we moved into
the final struggle which lasted for
ninety days and we drove the
enemy from Soissons to the Bel-
gian border.
Grim as were these days of peril
and hardship our men were always
cheerful and happy. Not even the
woe and misery about us seemed to
mar the pleasant laughter and
good-natured jokes and songs
which seem to be apart of our life.
The music of the band carried us
back to home and fireside. The
enthusiasm of our men, "spiritual"
spread from one unit to another,
and while there were times "Or-
ders" kept every man silent, at all
other times mirth and laughter
made up for, perhaps, comforts we
were denied.
So often had false reports come
to us in the trenches about an arm-
istice that when the news reached
us from official sources there
were few who showed the slightest
enthusiasm. We had learned from
bitter experience not to believe the
Germans. The grim task before
us, and every day, was asevere task,
made muscles and nerves threads
of steel. The sense of danger was
obliterated long ere this, and even
when the armistice was proclaimed
our men were restrained with great
difficulty. Officially our story is
confirmed:
HEADQUARTERS, 370th U.
S. INFANTRY
American Expeditionary Forces
December 9, 1918
General Orders:
No. 19
1. The following order of the
59th Division, Army of France, is
published to the regiment,, and will
be read to all organizations at first
formation after its receipt:
59th Division,
Staff.
Quartier General,
December 8, 1918.
GENERAL ORDERS
No. 4785
Officers and Soldiers of the 370th
R. I., U. S.
You are leaving us. The impos-
sibility at this time that the Ger-
man Army can recover from its
defeat—the necessity which is im-
posed on the peoples of the En-
tente of taking up again a normal
life—leads the United States to di-
minish its effectives in France. You
are chosen to be among the first to
return to America. In the name
of your comrades of the 59th Divi-
sion, I say to you: Au revoir—in
the name of France, thank you.
The hard and brilliant battles of
Chavigny, Leury, and the Bois de
Beaumont having reduced the ef-
fectives of the Division, the Ameri-
can Government generously put
your regiment at the disposition of
the French High Command in or-
der to reinforce us. You arrived
from the trenches of the Argonne.
'We at first, in September, at
Mareuil-Sur-Ourcq, admired your
fine appearance under arms, the.
precision of your review, the . sup-
pleness of your evolutions that pre-
sented to the eye the appearance
of silk unrolling its wavy folds.
We advanced to the line. Fate
placed you on the banks of the
Ailette, in front of the Bois Mor-
tier. October 12th you occupied
the enemy trenches Acier and
Bronze. On the 13th we reached
the railroad of Laon-Lafere, the
forest of Saint Gobain, principal
center of resistance of the Hin-
denburg Line, was ours.
November 5th the Serre was at
19st, crossed—the pursuit became
active. Prout's Battalion distin-
guished itself at the Sal St. Pierre,
where it captured a German bat-
tery. Patton's Battalion crossed,
the first, the Hirson railroad at the
heights of Aubenton, where the
Germans tried to resist. Duncan's
Battalion took Logny, and, carried
away by their ardor, could not be
stopped short of Gue d'Hossus, on
November 11th, after the armistice.
We have hardly had the time to
appreciate you, and already you
depart.
As Lieutenant-Colonel Duncan
said November 28th, in offering to
me your regimental colors "as a
proof of your love for France, as
an expression of your loyalty to the
59th Division and our Army, you
have given us of your best and you
have given it out of the fulness oh'
your hearts."
The blood of your comrades who
fell on the soil of France, mixed
with the blood of our soldiers,
renders indissoluble the bonds of
affection that unite us. We have,
besides, the pride of having worked
together at a magnificent task,
and the pride of bearing on our
foreheads the rays of a common
grandeur.
A last time,—Au revoir.
All of us of the 59th Division
will remember the time when the
Continued on next page.
 Ailette Dam "Hell's Half Acre"
A Narrative of Unusual Interest Showing the Daring and
Courage of the American Soldier—How One
Machine Gun and Crew Captured
Seven Germans.
Col. Dennison receiving Colors Presented by Major Gen. Bell, Camp Logan, Hous-
ton, Texas. "We will bring these colors back with honor or we will not come back at
all."—Col. Dennison.
"The Eighth Regiment in France"—Continued from page 4
370th R. I., U. S., under the orders
of the distinguished Colonel Rob-
erts, formed a part of our beauti-
ful Division.
General Vincendon,
Commanding the 59th Division,
Signed: Vincendon.
2. The eloquence and affection-
ate generosity of the distinguished
General Commanding the 59th Di-
vision renders difficult the task of
the Regimental Commander to
adequately express the gratifica-
tion that officers and men of the
Regiment feel on reading his part-
ing words. Not one of us can read
or hear them without a deep sense
of gratitude and pride that we were
permitted to have a part in the
task of the hard-working and hard-
fighting 59th Division, and that
our efforts have met with approval
fills us with joy.
The 59th Division spared noth-
ing to make our task easier; taking
upon themselves the harder por-
tions, they gave our inexperienced
men the time to accustom them-
selves to the rigors of open warfare
and to gain invaluable knowledge
from observation of the soldiers of
two of the best regiments of the
incomparable infantry of France,
until, during the pursuit so hap-
pily ended by the complete col-
lapse of the enemy, our battalions
By Sergt. Suesbury
earned the commendation of their
commanding officers.
For all the acts of courtesy, for
the many aids rendered us, for the
kind and generous words of the
Commanding General, we thank
the officers and men of the 59th Di-
vision. With pride we shall return
to the United States,—pride that
we shared the lot of this fine Di-
vision, and pride that our efforts—
though not comparable with those
of the veterans of four years of
terrible war—were yet considered
worthy of such words as are ad-
dressed to us above.
To the brilliant General Com-
manding, to his officers and men,
we say au revoir with regret. As
we have always admired their bear-
ing in battle, we shall always re-
member with affection our com-
rades of the 59th D. I.
T. A. Roberts,
Colonel Commanding.
By Order of Colonel Roberts:
John H. Patton
Captain and Adjutant,
370th U. S. Infantry.
Five times the regiment was cit-
ed for bravery and there were fif-
ty-two members who received the
CrOix de Guere.
God of Heaven watch o'er these
men who sacrified all that the
world shall be free!
As you know, fighting with ma-
chine guns was the most danger-
ous and hazardous undertaking of
the soldier. My squad consisted of
James D. Steele, gunner; James
Walker, loader; George Eskridge,
loader, and myself. I could rely
upon each and every one of them;
they were among the best men that
I have ever met. It has been said
that the struggles of the men on
the fighting fronts did much to de-
velop character among them, but
Iwish to say this—if aman had no
character when he went into the
army, the army could not give it
to him. There were times, and
many of them, when the stuff of
what you were made would come
to the surface.
It was October 12th when the
third section of the Machine Gun
Company took its positioh in a
shell hole just a few yards from
the Hun position. This was neces-
sary because under cover of dark-
ness, the Huns wr•uld cross the
Dam and take a position on the
Loin Le Ferre railroad, which at
this point was elevated to the
height of twenty-five feet—such a
position was dangerous for us.
On this particular evening—the
darkest evening we ever saw in
France—the Dutchmen with luck
that favored them succeeded in
passing my point of resistance
which extended from the right wall
of atorn white building to the left
as far as I could fire. Here they
placed a machine gun which I
numbered seven, the other six ad-
vanced within twenty-five yards of
my implacement and opened a
slow, searching fire trying to locate
our machine gun.
Just about this time loader and
myself had been relieved of watch
and we were trying to take as
much sleep as possible. We had
not gone to sleep when we heard
our machine gun reply to the Hun
fire. The fight was a hot one, six
against one. Just about three
minutes later some one was .calling
me, telling me the gun was jam-
med. I jumped up without hel-
met, ran to the position and pro-
ceeded to fix the gun. One of the
boys gave me his helmet as my
head was above the shallow trench
and shrapnel was falling every-
where. I cleaned the gun under
fire, and I want to tell you that it
Continued on next page.
 Near Chateau Thierry
Altho War Is aSerious Occupation, It Has Its Many Laughable Incidents, so This Writer Puts it.—Shells
on the Battle Front, Says He, Gives One the "Lonesome Blues."
We left Mareuil-Sur-Ourcq in
trucks for the front, and we began
to see that we were in for a hot
fight. We were 28 miles from Cha-
teau Thierry. We passed through
the town of Villers Cotterete and
some other places where the Mar-
ines had did some hard fighting.
From appearance and condition of
things, it looked as though the
whole world was mad, and most of
it had been in a fight or about to
get into one. It was not long, how-
ever, before we got our share and
plenty of it. I never expected to
get back to America alive and don't
see how I did get back. Ican hear
them shells busting over my head
right now. I have never been
shell-shocked, boys, but I will be
searched for a nickel if I have not
been shell-scared. When them big
"Lizzies" start to pop and bust over
you, your desire to run is height-
ened by natural instinct. It was
that way with me anyway. You
can say what you may but, boy,
when them 77s and 102s start to
fizzle and bust around you and the
earth starts to shake under you,
the best man on earth gits thtm
"Lonesome Blues". After ajour-
ney of about 50 miles in trucks,
we started on ahike—I should say
five miles, and we struck a dug-
out where we stayed two days and
where our troubles really began.
We had two enemies here, the
Bocbes and hunger. I don't know
how it was, but them Germans
found out that we were there, and
as they never slept they kept us
awake all night with first one form
of shelling and then another. This
education was really good for us,
because the shelling they gave us
a day or two later when we struck
advance positions required educa-
tion. Most of the time we had to
lay down flat, so accurate was the
enemy's fire. We did MA mind
lying down as most of us needed
the rest, but long before this we
were separated from the commis-
sary. If you know anything about
arithmetic get your pencil and
start to multiply. First, being
shelled and required to lay on your
stomach in amudhole with neither
water nor food for two days and
the appetite. growing constantly,
meanwhile thinking of home and
some of the good old juicy steaks
you have had, and all the while the
enemy's shells •becoming more and
more accurate. Why,—the orders
were "No man shall smoke acigar-
ette or light a match!" I don't
By Erkson Thompson, Co. H, 370th R. I.
know what your deductions are,
but I am almost in the frame of
mind to repeat the time-honored
maxim of Sherman. I went to
sleep? Of course, Iwent to sleep.
The next day we were advanced
a little nearer the front and then
really 1was almost scared to death.
Private Erkson Thompson.
Before we got the packs from our
backs there began those terrible ex-
plosions. Some of us fell on the
ground—we thought it was an
earthquake. Afterwards we learned
that it was one of them big Ameri-
can boys bombing a German town
48 miles away. All I have to say
is this the effect on
the Germans was half as great as
it was upon me they would have
sued for peace long before they did.
Our new position brought us
near the trenches and for that rea-
son Iguess the Capital paid us off.
That was about 4:00 o'clock, after
which we ate supper, or the first
meal that we had had for several
days, and advanced to the front
line. You can say what you please
about what aman will do and will
not do but, 0 boy! that is the best
meal that I ever ate and the last
one that I did eat for the next five
days and Iwas not wounded or in
the hospital or guardhouse either.
Iwas in them trenches shooting at
those Germans. That is what we
all did. I will tell you, brother,
we were so interested in our task
that we forgot all about food or
water. We sure did some shooting
and some hitting too.
Talk about being bombed, broth-
er, them Boches sure did some
bombing. When we were coming
up the road to the trenches I tell
you. what it looked like—shells
were coming so fast that the earth
ahead of us and behind us was be-
ing blow up just the same as if a
traction plow was operating in
both directions and the earth quiv-
ered and rolled like the tireless
waves of the ocean. We passed
some fellows who hollered, "Hello
78, how would you like to be in
the Elite right now?" About this
time we were relieving some
French,—such relief as one unit
could; give another,—and I fear
the impress is made only on those
who were there. If you were not a
good Indian when you went to
them trenches, you sure would be
one when you returned. The only
thing I am sorry for is that some
of those poor, disgruntled, half-
baked-brained fools who are al-
ways kicking about the Govern-
ment don't do this and the Gov-
ernment don't do that, and we are
not getting living wages, were
forced to do some of this trench
fighting, or at least hear some of
those big "Lizzies" that screamed
against Democracy.
"Trench religion" yes! We who
have been there know its' meaning
and terms. You sure will get next
to God in them trenches, and if
you have never prayed in your
whole life you will find prayer to
be very efficacious there. That is
the place of all the places where
the right to live is determined sole-
ly upon being 100 per cent. aman.
It is too bad we cannot use this
test in our every day practice. It
is too bad some of these miserable
people who hate aman or awoman
because of the color of their com-
plexion could not be trained'in the
trenches; it would really prepare
them to meet the judgment of a
just and righteous God.
When the victory was, won and
the Hun horde driven back over
the Rhine, we could hear these
would-be patriotis shouting "My
country, 'tis of Thee," and under
the same breath saying, "Look at
those nigger soldiers," as they see
the black hero honored with the
emblem of the brave, the badge of
honor, wearing the uniform of
their country. Would to God that
they could have been in the trench-
es so that they would know what
it means to kneel at the feet of the
Master.

The Black Devils of Illinois
By Isaac Fisher, Co. G. 370th R. I.
The 8th Regiment in France Were Made a Part of the
Famous 59th French Division, Known as the "Blue
Devils." This Regiment Received the Name of
"Black Devils" From the Germans.
September 14th we were resting
in a small village named Maroles,
. age hordes across the Rhine River.
when we received the order to
move on to Soissons front. That
was avery hot front at that time.
France had just started her 1918
fall drive. The next day (15th)
they loaded us (370th) on trucks
driven by Frenchmen and we were
carried within 30 kilometers of
Soissons to a small shell-shattered
town, Ambreny. Here we rested
over night. The next day we be-
gan the hike which carried us into
the danger zone. We arrived
there about 2:00 A. M. We were
told to stay in the trenches by Cap-
tain Johnson until morning. It
was dark and cloudy but no rain.
At the end of the trench where I
was there was a dead Fritz. Of
course, Idid not like him there but
there was nothing for me to do but
remain with him until morning.
Being worn out and tired I fell
asleep. In about an hour I was
awakened—the Frenchmen were
throwing a barrage. It was rain-
ing also and we were wet to our
skins.
About 10 o'clock that day it
cleared off and the sun came out.
We climbed out of the trenches
and laid on the ground to dry the
best we could. In the afternoon
28 German airplanes hovered over
our heads. They did not bomb us
—they seemed to be trying to pry
into our business anyway. From
here we were moved to Soissons
front. It was really a front too.
I am glad that I had the experi-
ence, but Idon't want it any more.
Sometimes we had food and some-
times we did not have it. Often
the Germans would destroy our
supply train and we, of course,
went without food. We were un-
der constant fire all of the time.
The Germans were not given any
respite -from the fighting — we
made them fight all the time, day
and night. In this fight men did
not halt for food or clothes, all
they wanted was ammunition and
plenty of it. They got it and at
the right time and we did the rest.
I was one of the lucky boys—I
could not catch cold—slept in
water, on the ground, and any-
where.
October 11th the Germans could
not stand our punishment any
longer, and then began that fa-
mous retreat that carried these sav-
Laon, Crepy, and on they retired
while we followed them night and
day, not giving them time to re-
organize their forces and scarcely
time to get anything to eat. It
was a progressive game and we
played it. Six kilometers north of
Laon, November 3d the mess lihe
of Company A was hit by a Ger-
man shell; 34 men were killed and
51 injured. This incident height-
ened our desire to go to Berlin.
Following the retreating Ger-
mans from the north to Grandlup
November 6th, we continued
i aous, noble and bras e, marching
Private Isaac Fisher.
through Aubenton into Signy le
Petitte. This was November 10th.
The next day the Armistice
stopped the fighting, but if any
one supposes we were not on our
way to Berlin they surely are mis-
taken, for we were.
December 14th was the first ride
that we had since September 14th
We started to the Soissons front
in trucks; all of the rest of the way
we walked, and our hike carried us
over the greatest part of France.
Three cheers for the Old
Eighth!!! Three cheers for her
Commanders! In the Hall of
Fame they have made immortal
their names.
Chicago Welcomes
Heroic Eighth
Never before in the returning of
victorious fighters from fields of
battle did anything equal the ar-
rival of the old 8th Regiment, Feb.
17th, in the city of Chicago. An at-
tempt to describe the wild scenes of
enthusiasm which ensued would be
as miserable as human effort to de-
scribe the sublime of Nature's beau-
tiful sunrise. Words of description
—no words can convey the scene--
so great was the demonstration
given by the noble sons and daugh-
ters of Illinois as these black war-
riors bouyant and brave, fresh from
the struggle of yesterday, so full of
tragedy, horror and sacrifice where
the blood of nations flowed freely
on the altar of Liberty in defense
of you and me and mankind—
marched in honor and triumph
upon our streets.
Enthusiasm knew no bounds!
Utter abandonment was given to
the freedom of pent up spirit and
pride of exultation! Tears of joy
and happiness, shouts of praise and
glory, singing, laughter and prayer
all mingled as one as amillion peo-
ple watched with intense eagerness
the world's emancipators — these
black heroes—alert, cheerful, cour-
in review.
The blood and bell-fire of war
was their baptism—real men we
were looking at who dared to die
for Old Glory. Nothing equals
this ovation of welcome. A holiday
was declared, city, state and nation
officially were represented and the
entire traffic of the city was sus-
pended for more than two hours
while we used our streets in a fit-
ting welcome of the honored heroes.
By this token the Flag has been
honored, the Negro given rightful
recognition for the man that he is,
and the people of Illinois and Chi-
cago among the greatest of Amer-
ican citizens.
This is your opportunity to serve
your country.
The problem of readjustment is
upon us. America and the civilized
world needs the earnest, sincere
help of every man and woman to
assist that adjustment. Don't be
selfish. Let us put the Victory
Loan "Over the Top" and help the
cause of humanity.
•These stories you should read
and reread. How much has been
your part?
 Hindenburg Cave
An Interesting Story of How the Americans Used German
Guns to Defeat Germans, Also the Unfaltering
There are but a few places on
the Western Front which hold
such peculiar interest to the Allied
fighting man as the Hindenberg
Cave. The Germans in preparing
their elaborate defensive plans,
prepared asubmarine passage was'
from one line of trenches to an-
other at this point—the most elab-
orate and collosal scheme of hid-
ing places—cover or trenches were
worked out. The German War
College searched the world for its
combined technic plans, and there
was not a foot of land known to
man on six continents that Ger-
man military observers had not cov-
ered and made known their finding
to their sponsor, the German War
College. llindenberg Line includ-
ed, therefore, we might say, the
combined wisdom of the foremost
nations of the earth with energetic
German par excellence.
Twenty-five miles of these
trenches faced us with every foot
laccd with cannon and maehine
guns. There were two rows of
these trenches averaging about a
mile apart and some times only 1.50
yards and even nearer, for we
could often hear the Germans in
their trenches, you could stick your
helmet on a bayonet and raise it
only afew inches above your trench
and in less than a second it would
be as perforated as the collander
that we use in the kitchen. One
boy on out-post was lost in a bar-
rage between the lines afterward
dropped in a shell-hole for protec-
tion trying to get back to us; he
raised his arm to the top in the act
of lifting himself to the surface,
and in less than ten seconds he re-
ceived 27 wounds—his arm was
completely shattered and his entire
uniform shot away—every part
that was exposed.
Hindenburg Cave was the depot
at the extreme end of our sector.
It was large enough to hold aregi-
ment of soldiers and large stores of
ammunition. It is said, that at this
place the famous German com-
mander from whom the cave re-
ceived its name—often held elab-
orate banquets there, and it was a
place of considerable social reputa-
tion with the generals of that army,
and attacks upon Belgium, France
and England were often planned
at this point. However, its im-
portance soon was known to Allied
commanders. Through this place
By Sergt. E. A. Means, Co. F. 370th R. I.
Courage of the Yanks.
you could travel under cover from
the enemy trenches to our trenches.
It was a difficult place to hold.
It was captured from the Germans
by the French, and recaptured by
the Germans, and taken again
from the Germans by us, and by-
thunder we held it, although they
gave us h--1.
I was the first sergeant of G.
COmpany to be ordered "Over The
Top." Ireceived orders to report
to the captain, and be said:
"Sergeant take your platoon and
see that they are all properly
equipped with ammunition and
grenades, and go down the bayou
(this is a part of the trench lead-
ing to the enemy trench) and get
Laisson with the 125th Reg. on
your left and 332nd Reg. on the
right. The Germans have broken
the front line trenches and have
recaptured the cave from the
French."
I ordered my men prepare and
we started fir the front line, and
the cave, expecting attacli. every
minute. Upon reaching the cave
we found some French soldiers,
Sergeant Duncan of F. Co. and
Sergeant Jenkins, there was only
afew of them left. 'They had cap-
tured the cave and destroyed the
Germans. They were glad to see
us for they needed our help.
There was not much time here
for exaltation. About us lay our
own dead and wounded and enemy
dead were everywhere. It seemed
to me at first that the German
army had been annihilated there.
We were not long without receiv-
ing German attention. Successive
attempts was made on the part of
the enemy to recapture the cave
from us. It was a real fight.
From our vantage point we poured
round after round of rapid gun fire
into enemy lines with telling effect.
They must have thought the whole
Allied army was there. Blow after
blow was repeatedly thrust upon
them. We fought with German
weapons and ammunitions when
our own gave out. It meant death
to us and our comrades if we failed.
Such dogged, determination, des-
peration with which the boys tena-
ciously bung on to their task,—and
a glorious task it was. This was
the opportune time to prove to the
German the Negro fighting blood,
if they did not know before. This
.
was the time to nail the lie that
"Black men lack character." This
was the time of the acid test of
hell-fire where cowardice would
perish, the time to put beneath the
iron-heel, the spirit of wrong, the
time to save the world's idealism of
Justice, the time to write in his-
tory with un-erasable blood hero-
ism of Negro fighters, the time to
prove to the world the Negroes'
un-dying love for Justice by giv-
ing his life that others might live,
lastly, truthfully, and honorably
the time—thanks be to God to
make brighter and more glorious
the Stars and Stripes.
With grim determination the
boys resisted one attack after an-
other. The fight got so hot one
boy was throwing German gren-
ades, did not have time to pull the
string. He just kept throwing one
after another and the enemy did
not seem to know the difference.
Another boy was shot in the bot-
tom of the foot and a Frenchman
on his right and left were killed.
We were there three days without
food or water and we fought like
tigers day and night. I will never
be able to tell how we kept alive.
I went through the entire war
without even a cold. I was sick
at no time. Ihave served in every
engagement of the American
Army since 1898 to the present
time and hold an honorable dis-
charge for every period of enlist-
ment.
The Metz Front
By Corp Wilber Slaughter, 365.
Co. C. R. I.
We began our drive in the Ar-
gonne Forest, September 26th.
Leaving the Argonne we entered
the Morbache sector—remaining
there until Nov. 10th. We went
over the top on the 10th and took
Hill 214, which was previously
taken by the British, who held it
15 minutes, the Americans 12 min-
utes and the French 10 minutes.
We took it on the 10th at 5 A. M.
and held it until 11 o'clock of No-
vember 11th, when the German
buglers called "Retreat."
We were complimented by the
Germans for the fighting that we
did.
When we went "over the top"
November 10th, 65 men were killed
and 400 men wounded.

The Use of Poisonous Gases by the Germans is the Best
Evidence of Our Right to Deny Them the Status of
Civilized States. The Crimes Committed by
Its Use are Too Hard and Bitter to Mention.
We Conquered the Hun With Gas, the
The cry of, Gas! in the trenches
was a dreaded cry! one of horror
and hate! We hated the gas and
worst the black hearted enemy that
forced its use upon us. Fighting
fire with fire—we did it. We gave
the Huns plertty of gas and they
will testify to ;that themselves.
Tbe Yanks are trained to adjust
the gas-mask in 6 seconds or less.
A small casualty list among our
fighters is the best argument of the
excellent training of each unit by
gas expert before being allowed to
do combat duty.
The Hun's most famous gas is
Chlorine, it has the odor of peach
seed, and is fatal in small quanti-
ties. One part of Chlorine in one
thousand parts of air is said to be
enough to kill. The effect it would
have on a person—first it causes
vomiting, then the gases in the
lungs causes a strain of vomiting
to tear tile tissues of the lungs,.
these torn tissues causes the lungs
to bleed freely, then one is drowned
with his own blood. This death is
one of the most horrible that Ihave
ever seen. The thoughts of it
makes the blood freeze in your
veins. There are times when the
agony of the victim is so great that
the eyes jump out of the socket.
Remember this is a part of the
unthinkable torture the German
war-brain devised in its damable
outrages on humanity and civiliza-
tion. Of course President Wilson
is in Europe, if thru any combina-
tion of states he will be instru-
mental in preventing another use
of such uncivilized weapons—he
has done more for the world than
any of its greatest citizens.
The Sneeze-Gas is the next in
most common use. Sneeze is not
really a gas, although it comes un-
der "Chemical war-fare." It is the
same as is used by the small boy
in the theatre. It causes sneez-
.ing. The powder settles on the
ground and when the Yanks walk
the patrol, it gives him sneezing
hysterics—Fritz, then can sneak
some poison gas into his lungs.
Remember each one of these
lines and every one of them, and
every time you see one of our boys
with the gold V on his arm—re-
member he went through this tor-
ture-chamber-of-hell to keep the
Poisonous Gas
Weapon With Which He At-
tempted Our Defeat.
Huns from gassing us. If we gave
everything we had to these boys,
it would not be acompensation for
what they suffered to save the
world from ruthless murder and
destruction.
Another death torture used by
the Hun and one of his pets,
"Phosgene" and they tried to slip
it over on us, but they didn't. A
government that would tolerate
and institute these wrongs against
society should be wiped from the
earth. The truth of German
wrongs are unbelievable.
Phosgene is the most treacher-
Corp. Jack Fehrs,
ous gas of them all. It has the
odor of moulded hay. Its odor is
not very distinct, especially when
powder is around. One may
breathe for along time with no bad
effect, because this chemical has a
delayed action on the heart; but
after it is inhaled, if one exerts
himself freely, he drops dead with
no previous warning.
The super-dreadnought of gases
—mustard-gas. It is the devil's
own discovery—the plan and idea
was conceived in hell. It has the
odor of nice spring vegetables, and
is a heavy, oily liquid and it takes
along time for it to evaporate. It
has the same effect as Chlorine gas,
and if any of this gas settles
around or condenses on the fighter,
it causes sores, especially around
the neck and arms and between the
legs. Mustard gas shell holes must
be first neutralized with slack lime
and covered with clean earth. it is
especially important that the per-
son doing the work be dressed in
gas proof clothes. This gas may
lay under the snow all winter and
when the weather becomes warm
become as effective as ever.
We beat Fritz at his own game
by using a gas that would go
through his mask.
Justice and humanity shall for-
ever dictate the course of a free
and honorable people. A man who
hates another because of his com-
plexion is an enemy to the prin-
cipals of Democracy.
"The dead shall not die in vain,"
says the great Lincoln. Our boys
have died for Liberty. They shall
not die in vain.
SEPTEMBER THE TWENTY •EIGHTH.
A Few Brief, Short Sen-
tences Here Tell One of
the Most Tragic Events
of the War.
It Is the Strongest Testimony
of Negro Bravery.
By Marshall McNeal, Co. H, 370th R. 1.
September twenty-eighth! The
day is as vivid upon my mind as
tho it were yesterday.
Looking out before me, behold a
scene magnificent, grand!
The sharp note of the bugle calls
—Attention!
The Stars and Stripes waves o'er us.
A line of Negro soldiers stands
motionless !—
One hundred and seventy strong.
"Boys, take the objective!" was
the command.
Not a hero faltered, but on to
their doom they went.
The German's famous den was
ahead, from it the constant battle
of machine gun fire swept our lines.
We won the objective!
At the Roll Call, twenty-five
comrades answered.
They died for Democracy!'
Battle of Antioche Farm.
 The Human Side of the Fighter
By Corp. Robert Heriford, Mail Orderly, 1st Battalion H. Q., 370th R. L
The Work of Delivering Mail to the Boys in the Front
Line Trenches Carried With it Equal Hazards With
Those Who are on the Firing Lines. A Soldiers
Life After All in Every Branch of the
Army is Uncertain at Best.
"All right fellows, here comes
the mailman."
How often have I heard that
shout? I believe next to the pay-
master, the mail-man is the sol-
diers' most welcome visitor. The
most miserable soldier is the one.
on the day the mail arrives, who
does not get aletter. He looks as.
if he had not a friend in the
world, but there is always a com-
rade, who has received a letter
he has to read it to someone—so
from the "One Girl" and of course,
he picks out the fellow who did not
get aletter, and they get in away-
out-of-the-way-place or corner, and
both read it over and over. And
then, some lucky fellow has acopy
of the Pullman Porter's Review
or aDefender sent him, and he.can
hardly read it for telling the other
fellow who .is next "on it."
The mail 7,nan starts out in the
morning to ..the French Postal
Sector With his little cart, •rides
about 15 kilometers, waits around
about an hour, and five chances to
one, there is no mail that day: If
not, 'back. Om the rain he goes to
try it .
another- day. The next day
perhaps there are five sacks of first
class mail, back ,to his hut he goes,
—assorts the mail and gets ready
to deliver that night to the trench-
es.
Abont 8 O'clock the ration train
starts up the line, the battalion
mail-man right -along- with them,
they get half Tway and the Germans
start shelling:the road, but there
is :no turning back.
remember the night Co.- A. of
the first battalion suffered such se-
vere losses. I had been going up
to Grandlup for three successive
nights' and every company I
reached, I would stop and chat
with the boys fifteen or twenty
minutes, collect the out-going mail
and be on my way. On this par-
ticular night Ihad some cigars for
Lieut. Harry Jones at Headquar-
ters, so I threw the mail into the
building, where A Co. were get-
ting their meal, and hurried to B.
Co. I had not been there more
than five minutes, when a runner
came in asking, that all available
stretcher bearers be sent to Co. A.
While the men were getting their
meal ashell crashed thru the build-
ing killing thirty-two outright, two
died on the way to the hospital,
and sixty-three were injured. You
talk about a narrow escape—I
often wonder now what kept me
from stopping there that night and
chatting with the boys as was my
custom.
The day at Mont Des Singe,
where John Shelton was killed, I
went thru "Death Valley" (the
name originated from the fact of
the large number of men who lost
their lives trying to cross it—this
valley was under constant shell fire
by the Germans and their artillery
could sweep it from end to end) .I
received the mail and delivered it
to the different companies, and had
four or five different letters for
Lieut. F. K. Johnson, who at that
time had charge of the Ration-
train which c,me up every, night.
I gave the letters to John Fihelton
to deliver to him, as John was sta-
tioned in Regimental Headquar-
ters and would be sure to see the
lieutenant when he came up.
It was hardly ten minutes later
when Johnson's body was picked
up in the valley—a piece of shrap-
nel had done its work. He died on
his way to the hospital. From his
pocket was taken the bloodstained
letter for the lieutenant intrusted
to hrs care. That was the price he
paid in attempting to do his duty.
He was loved by all and God only
knows how, we missed him. The
story of the bravery and heroism
of our boys may never be known--
perhaps somewhere in the invisible
world the Ideals of these noble
men may be crystalized—transend,
and back to earth, become visible
forces in the lives of men.
Often I have started up the line
with mail and got half way and
they shelled so hard—I would start
to turn back, and they would start
shelling behind me, and as it was a
case of fifty—fifty I would keep
on my journey. You talk about a
scared fellow, believe me folks—
that horse and I just ate up the
road, and when I delivered the
mail, Ibelieve you know that Iwas
in no hurry to return, .that is, until
a shell came thru the house where
Capt. Warner was sitting and took
away the piano that the Germans
had left in their retreating. I
guess they knew all about the piano
anyway. It was awful funny—
one of the boys was sitting at the
piano playing "I-Tome- Sick Blues"
and the shell came thru the roof,
carried the instrument thru the
wall with it and left him without
ascratch, his fingers in the position
to touch the keys—you can say for
me, there was no more entertain-
ment in that building that day, and
the horse and 'I did some traveling.
He never did run so fast in his life.
If, we could have been in aDerby
at that time we would have beat
the best-blooded animal in the
world—the way I felt about the
matter, if, that horse I was riding
could not make the right time to
keep out of that shell-fire—I could
have, got down on the ground and
helped him. That night at Cham-
by :the German airplanes attempt-
ed to amuse us with their musical
qualities. They came over the cha-
teau which was our post-office and
dropped 34 bombs and for awhile
we who were inside thought, that
we were in atree top and the wind
was blowing.
Nov. the 11th I had just
reached Laon going for the mail,
when the wildest excitement Iever
saw was taking place.
"Peace" "Peace" "Peace"
"Hurrah" "Hurrah" "Long live
France" "God bless America"
"God bless the Allies" "France is
free" "Vivi Wilson" "Three cheers
for the Yanks."
It seemed that order of every
kind had been abandoned and
the people were unrestrainable.
Every one was attempting to
make some kind of noise with any
kind of instrument that would pro-
duce sound. Women would not be
out-done in this demonstration and
they began kissing every man who
wore auniform—I had on my uni-
form and of course all Ihad to do
was to receive the same high com-
mune of praise as the other fellow.
Armistice is not so bad after all.
The mail-man after all had his
part to play in the great war, and
altho he did not have much chance
to shoot at the Germans, they had
plenty of chance at him.
 Welcoming the Fighters Home
A Short, Brief Sketch of the Effort to Make the Boys Feel
at Home and that the Fireside Patriotism
Lieut. L. T. Speed, Asst. Supt.
In the great plan of reconstyuc-
tion following our part in the 1
74eat-
-
est war in history, it became nec-
essary to organize al bureau with
appropriate means and power to
reach this phrase of the question.
There were a fraction less than
four million men and many thou-
sand women whose service became
necessary in answering the call of
the country.
A displacement taken place, new
conditions came about—men and
women were carried from their
homes, away from friends and so-
cial surroundings, in military
camps, ammunition works, factor-
.ies, etc. ;-
There was organized "- War
Camp Community Service" while
independent of Red Cross, an ex-
tension of its work.
This extension plan to assist re-
turning comrades, extending to
them the warm hand of friendship,
so essential and just, that further
conunent upon it is unnecessary.
Today in every city in America
there has been established clubs for
the soldiers and sailors of the most
commendable character with an at-
mosphere unequaled. From asocio-
logical standpoint they represent
the greatest evolution in modern
history. Here will be found blended
in one the entire community spirit,
unselfish bent, reaching out into
the idealism of Justice to render a
is Still Burning.
service to humanity. Every social
organization in each community
does its "bit" in entertaining the
boys. And God only knows how
these boys fell ennobled and en-
riched by this dominant spirit of
human kindness. They fairly love
these clubs and gloom and dispon-
dency are dispelled and creeping
into their hearts like the welcome
rays of spring sunshine, hope, cour-
age and happiness have come—
three elements which are necessary
in the foundation of our citizen-
ship.
In this hopeful plan of our high-
er citizenship, the negro has not
been neglected, nor could he be,
for the great part that lie played
in the world's emancipation.
Located at 32nd and Wabash
Ave., Chicago, Ill., aclub has been
established for him, known as the
South Side Soldiers and Sailors
Club, conducted by the "War
Camp Community Service," under R. E. 'Moore, Supt.
government control. Mr. Eugene .
T. Lies, Gen. Mang.,; Mr. Frank firs,tAoQr. The si T ond M, rcb-
...
D. Looinis, Seet'y and chib uid sleeping room for
Lake Cimnties War Community tie boys. Third floor, a large as-
Service. Those conducting the
sembly room with a capacity Of
work are R. E. Moore, superin-
several hundred persons. Every
tendent; Lieut. Speed, Asst. Supt.: Saturday evening this room is the
Mrs. Ada McKinley, Hostess.
center of considerable social activi-
List of Committees—Advisory ties—a ball for the boys and good
Committee: Mr. T. A. Hill,. chair- music.. On Sunday vesper service
man; Mr. Rush Yerby, secretary; is held and well attended. Contrib-
Dr. A. J. Carey, Rev. L. K. Wil- uting to the helpfulness of the club,
liams, Editor R. S. Abbott, Dr. activities, the following clubs de-
Geo. C. Hall, Mr. Chas. Duke, serve special mention: "Women's
Mr. A. L. Jackson, Mrs. E. I. Service League," "Young W O-
August, Mr. Morris Lewis, Mrs. man's Culture Club," "The Talla-
A. Games,' Mrs. W. Jameison, , diga Club," "The Leaders ?Council
Mrs. D. Lawrence, Dr. R. C. Giles, of _the King's Daughters," %"May;-
Mrs. Helen Sayre. Program and. flower Club," and "Y. W. C. A.!"
Policy Committee: Mrs. Jameison, • These organizations composed a
chairman; Mr. Morris Lewis,. Mr. colored women, they contributd
Chas. Duke, Mrs. Helen Sayre, more to the wholesome life of the
Dr. R. C. Giles. Hostess Com- Negro .of Chicago than any other
mittee: Mrs. Helen Sayre, chair- - organilations.
.
man; Mrs. David Lawrence, vice-
chairman; Mrs. Olivia Bush Banks, • With these facts before you some
secretary; Mrs. A. M. Smith, Mr.,. knowledge of what the Negro is
Julius Avendorph, Mrs. - -
L. R. .doing in the great plans of agreat-
Henderson, Mrs. F. B. Williams, er democracy is plain.
Mrs. J. Thomas, Mrs. E. L. Davis. The daily attendance of the
Reading the above names is the club has an average of 125, and
best guarantee of what the club is the boys are happy expressing their
doing and what it means to the
deep gratitude for the effort of
readjustment plan for the negro
fighter. the community life of Chicago.
The club occupies a spacious One seldom comes to the club
building of more than 10 large without meeting the smiling con-
sunny rooms, cheerful and bright. genial Andrew Bryant, an assist-
Office, reception, reading room, ant always ready to do something
dining room and kitchen are on the for the boys.
 11 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 11

111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
NENIMINIIIMIXIMIVOTTAM=1110111M-

11•111111

In!

! MI •••••••mea

"Snip"
Go the Scissors
INNIMNINI
EM

76 s
.3 663
-

! IN 1.••••••••••
1111.11.0.1.•

INNANI11•11.1011

•••••••11111
NIO/
N/N/NNE/N

!ND

M I
NIENNIENI
11.1.111.E.N.

!IN
On!

!IR
M ENININNI
EIN

NINNONNIM NI•

iev mr.••••

Isr,m,0•••••
.111111..."

11111.1111M I
NE1

1.10••••••

ieft.1101•

MANY.: El!
INIMI
NNI
MPO
WAWA..
W AN AWN
MOAN MIN
01111•11•16,...
ONINNEAMI.
..11.1
moms amp
!IN

NNENNANNINII
ENSI
MAN.1
-A11.111•11
,-
01,1011161•1

1
1111 .11.1111
ININNONEMIO
awmagase
alme
INVE

NMI.
ININ.A.ANAN O NIIMINNME

411AININE.
411.1.0.01.1
! IN

NIIIINI
ENINNIO ma.
ONENN ONANNI•

NIMMINIM

! IN

1111111=EI
ENN.

I'm a bond-holder. Time was when I

saved a few dollars, drew the money and
spent it on some needless affair. It's
NIMENN . E. I
.41111•• WINS

11111111.1.
MAW

•••

quite different now—I own six Liberty ENN

NOM. MO
IAI
N•

1/M

Bonds. I collect the interest with the WNW, 1,

NNIMINNIEN1
••••••••• I

! IN

feeling of ayoungster at aChristmas tree.

ONENINNEME
Iwalk about among my fellow -men with INN!

awell-founded pride. I'm a substantial

INNENNIA

!NI

citizen—I'm abond-holder.
! IN

I'm going to subscribe to the Victory

1••••11

NI
MENIMNI

Liberty Loan it's the best savings prop- NE!

osition Ihave ever heard of.

.411.1.11.11 41111.1....1111
1,10.11.111..

611111•111MIn

NINI
NNINEN.

1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111P1
111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110111111111111111111111111111111111
iiiiimmillimmimmimiimmillimpilimmi11111111111:1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111