WEEK 4

INTRODUCTION TO JAVA
PROGRAMMING
CC102 – PROGRAMMING 1
• Describe and discuss Java Story, technology,
features, and requirements;
• Differentiate Applet and Application.

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What is Java?
• was created in 1991
• by James Gosling ,
Mike Sheridan
Patrick Naughton
of Sun Microsystems.
• First, it was called “Greentalk” and the file extension was .gt
• After that it was called Oak, and was developed as part of the Green Project
• its name was changed to Java because there was already a language called
Oak
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Why Java Programming named "Java"?
• According to James Gosling, "Java was one of the top choices along with Silk".
• Java was so unique, most of the team members preferred Java than other
names.
• Java is an island of Indonesia where first coffee was produced (called java
coffee).
• In 1995, Time magazine called Java one of the Ten Best Products of 1995.
• JDK 1.0 released in(January 23, 1996).

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Java Version History
• JDK Alpha and Beta (1995)
• JDK 1.0 (23rd Jan 1996)
• JDK 1.1 (19th Feb 1997)
• J2SE 1.2 (8th Dec 1998)
• J2SE 1.3 (8th May 2000)
• JJ2SE 1.4 (6th Feb 2002)
• J2SE 5.0 (30th Sep 2004)
• Java SE 6 (11th Dec 2006)
• Java SE 7 (28th July 2011)
• Java SE 8 (18th March
2014)
• Java SE 9 (21st Sep 2017)
• Java SE 10 (20th March
2018)
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The first projects developed using Java
• A personal hand-held
remote control named:
• Star 7
• was part of the: Green Project

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What is Java Technology?
The Java technology is:
- A programming language
- A Development Environment
- An application environment
- An Deployment environment

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8
Java Features
1. Object-oriented
Basic concepts of OOPs are:
• Object
• Class
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Abstraction
• Encapsulation
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Java Features
2. Simple 5. Robust
3. Secured 6. Portable
4. Platform Independent 7. Architecture-neutral
• Two types of
platforms:
1. software-based
and;
2. hardware-based.
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Java Features
8. Dynamic
9. Interpreted
10. High-performance
11. Multi-threaded
12. Distributed
13. High-performance
14. Multi-threaded
15. Distributed
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Java Development Environment
• Installing JDK (Java Development Kit) produces several
folders in your system.
• Each of these folders holds pertinent files that would be
necessary in building your program.
• For instance, the bin folder contains executable files for
compiling your program (javac.exe).
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Java Development Environment

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Java Program Cycle
• Use any text editor to create source code — .java file
• Source code compiled according to JVM to get byte code
— .class file
• Byte code executed using an interpreter
Source
Codes Compiler Byte Interpreter Output

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Java Program Cycle
Class HelloQCU {
Public static void main (String [ ] args)
{
System.out.println(“Hello QCU!”);
}
}

Hello QCU!

Class HelloQCU {
Public static void main (String [ ] args) {
System.out.println(“Hello QCU!”);
}
}

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Java can be used to create two types of programs:

• Applet
special applications designed to run within the context of a
Web browser.
• Application
stand-alone program that does not need a browser to run.

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Applet Application
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Java Program Structure
• In the Java programming language:
 A program is made up of one or more classes
 A class contains one or more methods
 A method contains program statements

• A Java application always contains a method called main

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The main() method
• When executing a Java application, the JVM loads the class, and
invokes the main() method of this class.

• The method main() must be declared public, static, and void.

• A source file may have one or more classes.

• Only one class (matching the file name) at most may be declared
public.
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Organizing Your Java Application
• A Java application is composed of a set of files generally distributed in a
directory structure
1. Source code: filename.java
2. Class file: classname.class (the same w/ filename)
• The compiler searches for a class file when it
encounters a reference to a class in a .java file
• The interpreter, during runtime, searches the .class files
• Both the compiler and the interpreter search for the .class files in the list of
directories listed in the classpath variable.
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A sample source code in java

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Tips: Names

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Tips: Names

• The qualified name for the class is course.Student, and the path name to it is
course/Student.java
• to import the package:
import course.Student;
• You can import all the classes in the package:
import course.*;

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Tips: Names Advantages
• It makes it easier to find and use classes.
• It avoids naming conflicts. Two classes with the
same name existing in two different packages
do not have a name conflict, as long as they
are referenced by their fully qualified name.
• It provides access control.

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First Java Program
class Simple{  
    public static void main(String args[])
{  
    System.out.println("Hello Java");  
   }  
}  

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Compilation Flow:

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References:
• TutorialsPoint.,( 2019). Learn Java Programming Retrieved
from: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/java.
• JavaTPoint., (2019). Java Tutorial. Retrieved from:
https://www.javatpoint.com/java-tutorial

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