L-1,2 Peripheral Input Output by Arpita Mam

PERIPHERAL
Input Output
Arpita howlader
Dept of Computer & Communication Engineering
Patuakhali Science and Technology University
CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and Interfacing) 1

Introduction
R
Processor A
M
• Computer Systems
– Internal (processor + memory (RAM) )
– Peripheral (Disk, Display, Audio, Eth,..)

What is peripheral device and what are
peripheral devices of a computer?
▪Computer peripheral
✔a device that is connected to a host computer, but not part
✔does not form part of the core computer architecture.
3
CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and Interfacing)
Introduction
R
Processor A
M
• Peripherals : HD monitor, 5.1 speaker

• Interfaces : Intermediate Hardware
• Interfaces : Intermediate Software/Program

Type of peripheral devices
5
6
• There are three different types of peripherals:
❖ Input :
❖ Output :
• Keyboard
• Display device
• Mouse o Computer display
• Graphic table o LCD projector
• Touchscreen
• Graphics output device
• Barcode Reader o Printer
• Image scanner o Video tapes
• Webcam
❖ Storage:
• Floppy disk drive
• Flash drive
• Disk drive
• CD/DVD drive
7
Intel
8
Mother board
9
Input Device
• Keyboard
• typewriter-style device which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys to act as a
mechanical lever or electronic switch.
• produce letters, numbers or signs (characters), other keys or simultaneous key
presses can produce actions or execute computer commands.
❑ Keyboard types
• Standard
• Laptop-size
• Flexible keyboards
• Handheld
• Thumb-sized
• Multifunctional
Ascom BEGTouch
WEY Smart 100
Multifunction keyboard with
Multifunction keyboard with custom
LCD function keys
keys and touchscreen
10
Input Device
• Keyboard
✔Standard:101-key US traditional keyboards or the 104-key Windows
keyboards, include alphabetic characters, punctuation symbols, numbers and a
variety of function keys. original PC keyboard with 84 keys and the enhanced
keyboard with 101 keys.
✔Laptop-size: have a shorter travel distance for the keystroke, may not have a
numerical keypad
✔Flexible keyboards: a junction between normal type and laptop type keyboards
✔Handheld: designed to be held like a game controller, ability to move around a
room or to lean back on a chair
✔Thumb-sized
✔Multifunctional:
• provide additional function, high-performance workplaces for financial traders
• control room operators (emergency services, security, air traffic management;
industry, utilities management, etc.
• biometric or smart card readers, trackballs, etc.
11
Sense board virtual key
Input Device wearable is an all new
experience
• Keyboard:
– Targeting the physically • Susan, vice-president of In Touch
handicapped Systems; Jerry is president of our
company.
– With the keyboard • The Magic Wand Keyboard is a
plugged into your PC, a miniature computer keyboard, with a
device worn on the built-in mouse
• designed to be used with little or no
head or other mobile hand movement
appendage allows the • full computer access to children and
user to navigate the adults with disabilities that include
muscular dystrophy, spinal cord injury,
keyboard and mouse SMA and other neuromuscular disorders,
arthrogryposis, autism, MS, dwarfism,
Actbrise's Touch
and severe less Keyboard
repetitive for handicap
strain injury.
12
Input Device
• Mouse:
• Pointing device that fits under the mouse buttons
palm of your hand wheel
button
• Mechanical mouse has rubber or
metal ball on its underside
ball
mouse pad
13
Input Device
• Mouse:
• The first ball-based
computer mouse in
1968
• Mouse:
• Early mouse patents. From left to
right: Opposing track wheels by
Engelbart, Nov. 1970
14
Inside a ball-style computer mouse
1. Switch detects clicks of left mouse
button.
2. Switch for middle button.
3. Switch for right button.
4. Old-style connection to PS/2 socket on
computer.
5. Chip turns back-and-forth (analog) mouse
movements into numeric (digital) signals
computer can understand.
6. X-axis wheel turns when you move
mouse left and right.
7. Y-axis wheel turns when you move mouse
up and down.
8. Heavy rubber wheel.
9. Spring presses rubber ball firmly against
X- and Y-axis wheels so they register
movements properly.
10. Electrolytic capacitor
11. Resistors.
15
Input Device
• Optical and laser mice:
⮚ rely entirely on one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and an imaging
array of photodiodes to detect movement relative to the underlying
surface
⮚ No moving mechanical parts inside
⮚ Senses light to detect mouse movement
⮚ More precise(correct) than mechanical mouse
⮚ More expensive than a mechanical mouse
CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and 16

Interfacing)
Inside an optical computer mouse
1. An LED at the back generates red light (from the left to the right of this
photo).
2. A plastic light guide channels the light from the LED at an angle, down
onto the desk.
3. A light-detector chip measures light reflected back up from the desk,
converting the analog movements of hand into digital signals sent
4. The scroll wheel at the front of the mouse is mounted on a switch
mechanism. Some mice use potentiometers (broadly, variable resistors),
similar to the volume control on a radio but able to turn around multiple
times. Others use various kinds of rotary switches or optical (rotary)
encoders to convert analog wheel movements to digital signals.
5. A micro switch detects when press the right mouse button or the left
mouse button.
6. The USB cable connection carries digital information from the mouse to
your computer.
17
Inside an optical computer mouse
18
Input Device
• Amenbo input device:

⮚ spanking new input device that
it calls “amenbo”
⮚ capable of sensing movements
and pressure of individual
fingers.
⮚ put a mouse sensor under each
fingertip, and can input the
coordinates for each finger
19
Input Device
• Trackball input device:

⮚ Stationary(motionless) pointing
device with a ball on its top or
side
⮚ To move pointer, rotate ball with
thumb, fingers, or palm of hand
⮚ trackball stays in one place, so
you don’t have to move your
arm to move your cursor.
⮚ no limits on effective travel
20
Input Device
• What are a touchpad and a
pointing stick?
• Touchpad is small, flat, rectangular
pointing device sensitive to pressure
and motion
• Pointing stick is pointing device

shaped like pencil eraser positioned
between keys on keyboard.
• pointing stick is an isometric joystick
used as a pointing device,
21
Input Device
• What are a joystick and a
wheel?
• Joystick is vertical lever mounted on
a base
• input device consisting of a stick that
pivots on a base and reports its angle
or direction to the device it is
controlling
• Wheel is steering-wheel-type input

device
22
Input Device
• What is a touch screen?
– Touch areas of screen with
finger
– Often used with kiosks
(departmental store,
warehouse)
• What is a digital pen?

– Looks like a ballpoint pen,
but uses pressure to write
text and draw lines
23
Input Device
24
Input Device
1. Resistive
– resistive screens work – two electrically conductive layers bending to touch
one another, as in this picture
– those thin yellow layers is resistive and the other is conductive, separated by a
gap of tiny dots called spacers
2. Capacitive
• work with anything that holds an electrical charge – including human skin.
• from materials like copper or indium tin oxide that store electrical charges in
an electrostatic grid of tiny wires
• two main types of capacitive touch screens – surface and projective
• when a finger hits the screen a tiny electrical charge is transferred to the finger
to complete the circuit, creating a voltage drop on that point of the screen.
3. Frustrated total internal reflection (FTRI)
– larger screens, which are as big as 82-inches. several cameras on the back of the
screen detect this light as an optical change
25
Input Device
A digital pen
26
Input Device
digital pen apart and this is what

you'll find:
1. Pen cap
2. Ordinary ink refill
3. Docking connector
4. Pen optics:
5. Refill holder
6. Indicator lights:
7. Reset button
8. Rechargeable battery:
9. Vibrating motor
10. Indicator lights on pen top
27
Input Device
• How a digital pen works
• The ink refill leaves an ink trail on the page. You can see this.
• The infrared LED in the base of the pen shines onto the page. You can't
see it because your eyes can't detect infrared.
• The light detector, also in the base of the pen, picks up the infrared
reflected off recognition marks printed on the special paper.
• The microchip in the pen uses the pattern of reflections to store images of
the words you're writing
• The Bluetooth antenna built into the pen transmits the stored data
wirelessly.
• The wireless receiver in your computer picks up the Bluetooth signals and
stores what you've written. Software in the PC converts this data into
normal, editable text you can import into a word-processing program.
28
Other Input Devices
• What is audio input?
⮚ Entering sounds into a computer - speech, music, and sound effects
⮚ MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) - standard defining how
digital musical devices represent sound electronically

Interfacing)
Other Input Devices
• What is a scanner?
⮚ Light-sensing device that reads printed text
and graphics
▪ Used for image processing, converting
paper documents into electronic images
▪ In most scanners, the sensing medium
is an electronic, light-sensing integrated
Types of Paper Scanners:

circuit known as a charged coupled
device (CCD).
30
Other Input Devices
• How Does a Paper Scanner
Work?
31
Work of Paper Scanner
1. Document is places on the glass plate of a scanner.
2. scanners is flat white or black, reflect more light
3. A lamp is used to illuminate the document.
4. The scan head is moved slowly across the document
5. Pass means that the scan head has completed a single complete scan of the
document.
6. The image of the document is reflected by an angled mirror to another mirror
and then reflects the image onto a lens
7. The lens focuses the image through a filter on the (Charged Coupled Device measure
amount of reflect light) CCD array. CCD captures light and converts it to digital data
8. lens splits images into 3 color and electrical charge is measured. scanner
software assembles the three filtered images into a single full-color image.
9. electrical measurement converted into binary code which use to represent digital
version
32
Other Input Devices
• idscanner
33
Other Input Devices
What is biometrics?
• Authenticates(approves) person’s identity by
verifying a personal characteristic
– Fingerprint scanner captures curves and
indentations of fingerprint
What are examples of biometric
technology?
• Voice verification system compares live speech
with stored voice pattern
• Signature verification system recognizes
shape of signature
• Iris recognition system reads patterns in blood
vessels in back of eye
• Biometric data is sometimes stored on smart
card, which stores personal data on
microprocessor embedded in card
34
Other Input Devices
35
Fingerprints
• Logical access control, for example there exist
numerous fingerprint reader devices and
software's for access control to personal
computers
• Physical access control, for example locks with
a fingerprint reader
• Fingerprint attendance systems for time and
attendance management
• Biometric alternative to loyalty card systems
WHY?
• Uniqueness
• Permanence
• Acceptability
• Performance
• Collectability
36
THANKS
END
INPUT
37
Output device
• Data that has been processed into a useful form, called information
• Output device is any hardware component that can convey
information to one or more people
38
Display devices
⮚ Output device that visually conveys information
▪ Information on display device sometimes
called soft copy
⮚ Monitor is display device works as separate peripheral

Interfacing)
Monitor
• The monitor is an electronic output device of the computer in which the images and
texts generated by means of a graphic or video adapter are displayed.
• The term monitor usually refers to the video screen and its main and only function
is to allow the user to interact with the PC.
Types of Computer Monitors

• CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
• LCD (Liquid-Crystal Display)
– active matrix technology TFT (Thin Film Transistor) monitor
– passive matrix technology
• LED (Light-Emitting Diode)
• OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) monitors
• Plasma Display Panel
• DLP monitor

What determines the quality of monitor
• Size
– Monitors are available in different sizes. The standard monitor for personal computers
is 13 to 16 inches. The size of the monitor is measured diagonally.
• Resolution
– Resolution of a monitor is the number of pixels on the screen. It is the image
sharpness of a display screen. It is expressed as a matrix.
– A resolution of 640×480 means there is 640 horizontal pixels and 480 vertical pixels.
The actual resolution is determined by the video controller, not by monitor. Most
monitors provide the resolutions of 640×480, 800×600, and 1024×768.
• Refresh Rate
– The number of times the electron guns scan every pixel on the screen in one second is
called refresh rate. It is measured in Hertz (Hz) or cycles per second.
• Dot Pitch
– The distance between the phosphorus dots that create a single pixel is called a dot
pitch.

What is a CRT monitor
⮚ Cathode-ray tube (CRT) , uses an electron (electron is a negatively
charged subatomic particle) beam to generates an image on the screen
⮚ Electrons beam frequently falls on the surface of the screen. Every beam
fall occurs in just a fraction of second
⮚ With these monitors, a stream of intense high energy electrons is used to
form images on a fluorescent screen.
⮚ A cathode ray tube is basically a vacuum tube containing an electron
gun at one end and a fluorescent screen at another end.
⮚ In color monitors, CRT consists of three guns. These guns generate red,
green, blue (RGB) colors. The other colors are generated with the
combination of these three colors.
42
What is an LCD monitor
⮚ liquid crystal display, cold cathode fluorescent (CCFL) back-lighting used in
LCDs.
⮚ use a layer of pixels to display an image.
⮚ consists of a layer of color or monochrome pixels arranged schematically
between a couple of transparent electrodes and two polarizing filters.
⮚ Optical effect is made possible by polarizing the light in varied amounts and
making it pass through the liquid crystal layer.
⮚ Instead of an electron beam, LCD displays use transparent electrodes to control
the array of pixels and update the picture.
⮚ The electrode from which electrons emerge is called the cathode and is
designated as negative; the electrode that receives electrons is called
the anode and is designated as positive.
43
What is an LCD monitor
44
Difference between LCD and CRT
CRT LCD
Stands For CRT stands for “Cathode Ray Tube“. LCD stands for “Liquid
Crystal Display“.
Size CRT is weighted, bulky and large in LCD is light, compact and thin
size. in size.
Power Consumption It consumes High power. It consumes Low power.
Image Flickering Image Flickering is there in CRT. No Image Flickering is there in

LCD.
Color CRT is like Black. LCD is like White.
Image Retension Image Retention is not there in CRT. Image Retention is there in
LCD.
Cost It is less expensive. It is more expensive.
Image Forming Electron Gun is used to form images. Liquid crystals are used to
form images.
Response CRT having good response. LCD having slow response.
Where Used CRT is used in Televisions and was LCD is used in flat screens.
used in old computer monitors.
45
What is an LED monitor
⮚ light-emitting diode monitor is essentially an upgraded version of an
LCD display
⮚ flat panel, or slightly curved displays which make use of light-emitting
diodes for back-lighting
⮚ use much lesser power than CRT and LCD
⮚ don’t produce much heat while running
⮚ These panels or monochromatic or polychromatic modules that allow
viewing data and images for the user of a pc are made in turn with RGB
LEDs that are forming the pixels of the screen.
⮚ Minimum resolution 1024×768
46
What is a plasma monitor?
⮚ Displays image by applying voltage to layer of gas
⮚ each pixel on the screen is illuminated by a tiny bit of plasma or
charged gas
▪ Larger screen size and higher display quality than LCD, but are
more expensive
▪ thinner than cathode ray tube ( CRT ) displays and brighter than
liquid crystal displays ( LCD )
47
What is a plasma monitor?
48
Types of Graphic Cards
• VGA
– VGA stands for video graphics array. It supports 16-256 colors depending on
screen resolution. It supports 15 colors at 320×200 pixels. VGA also supports
256 colors at 640×840 pixels. It is called 4-bit color.
• SVGA
– SVGA stands for super video graphics array. It supports 256 colors at high
resolution than VGA. It has two graphics modes. these are 800×600 pixels and
1024×768. SVGA is also called 8-bit color. SVGA is the most common
standard used today.
• XGA
– XGA stands for extended graphics array. It supports up to 16.7 million colors at
a resolution of 1024×768 pixels. XGA supports 256, 65536 or 16,777,216
colors depending on the video display adapter memory chip. It is called 24-bit
color or true color.XGA provides the most sophisticated standard for color and
resolution.

Dot Pitch and DPI
• Monitors are also measured by their precision. 2 main measures,
– Dot Pitch, and
– DPI.
• Dot pitch is a measure of the size of each tiny dot the monitor can
display. Dot pitch (sometimes called line pitch, stripe pitch, or
phosphor pitch) is a specification for a computer display, computer
printer, image scanner, or other pixel-based device that describes the
distance, for example, between dots (sub-pixels) on a display screen.
• DPI stands for Dots Per Inch. Individual colored droplets of ink are
visible; this sample is about 150 DPI. Monitors do not have dots, but
do have pixels. The closely related concept for monitors and images is
pixels per inch or PPI. In printing, dots per inch (dpi) is the usual
measure of printed image quality on the paper.
50
Dot Pitch and DPI
51
Printer
• Output device that produces text and graphics on a physical
medium
printer wireless
cable printers
various
ways to
print
Data cable
docking
station
media
CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and card 52
Interfacing)
THANKS
INPUT / OUTPUT
53

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PERIPHERAL

CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and Interfacing) 1

CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and Interfacing) 2

• Peripherals : HD monitor, 5.1 speaker

CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and Interfacing) 4

CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and 16

• Amenbo input device:

• Trackball input device:

• Pointing stick is pointing device

• Wheel is steering-wheel-type input

• What is a digital pen?

digital pen apart and this is what

CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and 29

Types of Paper Scanners:

CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and 39

Types of Computer Monitors

CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and Interfacing) 40

CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and Interfacing) 41

the anode and is designated as positive.

Image Flickering Image Flickering is there in CRT. No Image Flickering is there in

CCE- 321 (Computer Peripheral and Interfacing) 49

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