ACTIVE DESIGN CONCEPT
PASSIVE DESIGN CONCEPT
PASSIVE COOLING CONCEPT
P R E S E N TAT I O N B Y: A R . C H A R L E S A N G E L O T. A N D R A D A
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
ACTIVE
DESIGN
CONCEPTS
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
ACTIVE DESIGN CONCEPT
Systems achieved through electro-mechanical means.
Although these systems require energy to function,
they are designed to cause a general reduction in the
building’s total energy consumption.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
DAYLIGHT
SENSORS
Regulates artificial
light depending on the
amount of natural
light entering the
building.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
AUTOMATI
C
BLINDS
Protects interior
spaces automatically
from the afternoon
sun.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
RAIN
SENSOR
Automatically
deactivated the
automatic irrigation
system of the gardens
to save water
consumption.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
MOTION
DETECTOR
S
Switches off light in
areas with no
movement to reduce
light consumption.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
VAV AC &
MECH
VENTILATI
ON SYSTEM
Optimized the volume
of air supplied to each
space.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
INTEGRATE
D BUILDING
MANAGEME
NT SYSTEM
Allows programming of
building light to
conserve on energy
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
PASSIVE
DESIGN
CONCEPTS
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
PASSIVE DESIGN CONCEPT
A cooling system using a building’s design and
construction to maintain a comfortable temperature
within the building.
Passive design is essentially low- energy design
achieved by the building’s particular morphological
organization rather than electro-mechanical means.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
8 PASSIVE • Passive design by BUILDING
CONFIGURATION
• Passive Design by BUILT FORM
SYSTEMS ORIENTATION
• Passive Design by FAÇADE
That Can Be Used In DESIGN
Building Design • Passive Design Through SOLAR
CONTROL DEVICES
According to Yeang • Passive DAYLIGHT CONCEPTS
(2000) • Passive Design by COLOR OF
BUILDING ENVELOPE
• Passive Design by VERTICAL
LANDSCAPING
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
PASSIVE
COOLING
CONCEPTS
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
BASICS IN SOLAR • Full height glazing is best
Ref.fig.03
applied to the north facing side
CONTROL IN because this side receives the
TROPICAL CLIMATES least solar radiation. Ref.fig.01
• The East and West Facing sides • Horizontal sun shades are Ref.fig.02
of the building receive most best applied to the north and
amount of heat. Ref.fig.01
south facing sides of a building
• The afternoon sun, which is because sun will hit these sides
particularly hot will largely hit from a high altitude.
the west facing side of a • vertical shades are best
Ref.fig.04
building. Ref.fig.01
applied to east & west facing
• In the Philippines, the sun will sides of a building because the
rise at east, flank slightly to the sun will hit these sides at low
south then sets in west. Ref.fig.01
altitude & mostly from an
oblique azimuth.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
Figure 01 Figure 02
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
Figure 03 Figure 04
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
• When the façade of the building • Do not rely completely on façade
does not run along north-south techniques to protect the
or east west axis, the façade building from solar heat gain. It
openings need to be protected by is still best to protect your spaces
both horizontal and vertical by shading them, then use
shades. A combined horizontal special façade to protect the
and vertical shade is called an spaces from remainder or
egg-crate sunshade (Bris- Ref.fig.06 indirect solar radiation.
soleil). • protect an opening using exterior
• If the interior spaces cannot be louvers.
protected 100% from direct
solar radiation, consider using
special façade such as double
layered facades , low-e Ref.fig.05
glazing, etc.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
Figure 05 Figure 06
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
• Interior blinds such as Venetian • In designing sun shading
blinds will not reduce solar heat devices, you must know where
gain because they stop the heat the sun must strike at different
only when it is already inside the times of the day. Study different
space. This heat will eventually sun angles using a solar path
move past the blinds by diagram so that you can design
convection or radiation. shades that will provide the best
• Designs of shades differ as you shading possible.
move through different
geographic latitudes. Make your
that you are using a solar path
diagram that covers the latitude
of your site.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
DAY LIGHTING
Daylighting is the practice of placing windows or other
openings and reflective surfaces so that during the day,
natural light provide effective internal lighting.
It is the controlled admission of natural light, direct
sunlight and diffused sunlight into a building to reduce
electric lighting and saving energy. Energy saving can
be achieved from the reduced use of ARTIFICIAL
(ELECTRIC LIGHTING) or from passive solar
heating.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
DAYLIGHT FACTOR
Is a numerical ratio use to describe the relation between
indoor and outdoor daylight illuminance (typically
under overcast sky conditions).
DAYLIGHT ZONING
Is the process of grouping various spaces in building
with similar luminous requirements into a daylight
zone, thereby enabling design and control cost savings.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
IMPORTANCE OF SOURCES OF
DAYLIGHTING DAYLIGHTING
• Lighting and its associated • TOP LIGHT
cooling energy use constitute 30
to 40% of a commercial
buildings total energy use.
• Daylight contributes to a more
sustainable environment design.
• Daylight can create pleasant and • SIDE LIGHT
visually comfortable places.
• Congruent with Filipino spatial
concept of “Maaliwalas”.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
BENEFITS OF PRINCIPLES OF
NATURAL LIGHTING EFFECTIVE NATURAL
• Occupant Satisfaction LIGHTING
• Occupant Comfort • Orientation of Building
• Health Circadian Rhythm • Glazing ratio
• Time Orientation • Window height and location
• Color Rendition • Overheadd daylighting
• Color Temperature • Day lighting redirection
• Reduced Electrical Load
• Reduced Internal Heat Gain
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
ORIENTATION OF THE
BUILDING
Orientation is vital for a good day
lighting system or a good tropical
structure. Designers benefit on the
information to create a proper space
programming.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
BUILDING FORM
Form defines the way how the
structure accommodate day lighting.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
GLAZING RATIO
Glazing Ratio= area of glazing/ area
or external wall (25%-50%).
The more the glazing ratio, the more
day light but more the solar heat
gain.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
WINDOW HEIGHT AND
LOCATION
As a general rule, the higher the
window head height, he deeper into
the space the daylight can penetrate.
Office Buildings: 1.2m opening, sill
height 1.00-1.20m above floor
Residences: 1.00-1.20m, sill height
0.90m-0.70m
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
OVERHEAD DAY LIGHTING
skylights are passive because they
have a clear or diffusing medium
(acrylic) that simply allows daylight
to penetrate an opening in the roof.
They are often comprised of a double
layer of material for increased
insulation.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
DAYLIGHT REDIRECTION
Daylight redirection devices take
incoming direct beam sunlight and
redirect it, generally into a celling of
a space.
These devices serve two functions:
a. Glare
b. Daylight Penetration
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
SOLATUBE
HELLIOSTAT
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
SOLATUBE
VERTICAL LIGHT
PIPE.
In the Philippines, it is
called the Solatube by
Philippine Geo Green
Inc. wherein they
standardized sizes that
can be easily ordered in
the market.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
HELIOSTAT
Heliostats are used to
track the sun and reflect
sunlight into the light
pipe.
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
THANK YOU!
REFERENCES:
• https://www.renewableenergyhub.c
o.uk/main/insulation-information/th
ermal-values-of-insulation/
• https://www.ojinc.com/different-
types-of-insulation/
• Module by Ar. Queenie Quintinita
AR. CHARLES ANGELO T. ANDRADA
