PRE- COLONIAL

PHILIPPINE
REPORTER: JHON JOSEPH R. RICA
CONTENTS

• MODE OF DRESSING
• EARLY SHELTER
• MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD
• BARANGAY GOVERNMENT
• BARANGAY GOVERNMENT
• CHOOSING A LEADER
• THE FOUR KINDS OF GROUPS
• OTHER IMPORTANT GROUPS
• CUSTOMS AND BELIEFS
• PRACTICES AND BELIEFS BROUGHT THE FAMILY TIES
THE IMPORTANCE OF DEMOGRAPHY

• Communities before lived near bodies of water houses were aligned along the coast of
seas, rivers and lakes.
WHY?
* FOOD FROM THE WATER RESOURCES
* EASY ACCESS TO FOOD
* MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION
* NOT EASILY ATTACKED BY AN ENEMY
MODE OF DRESSING
REPORTER: JHON JOSEPH R. RICA
• Male attire was composed of the KANGGAN (sleeveless jacket) and BAHAG
(Loincloth)
• The color off the kanggan was indicates rank-red for the chief, blackb or blue for the
commoners.
• Men also wear a turban called putong , which also tell the social Status/AchievementOf
the individual wearing it.
• Female attired was consisted of baro or camisa(jacket with sleeves) sayaw or patadyong(a
long skirt); some women wore a piece of red or white cloth on top of their skir called
tapis.
ORNAMENTS

• Men and women wore to look attractive.

• Both wear kalumbiga, pendants, bracelets and leglets.
• This ornaments where made of gold, somewhere gold fillings between the Teeth.
• Tattoos we’re also fashionable for some pre-colonial filipinos; they also exhibit a man’s
war record.
• Isla del pintados- term coined by the Spaniards for the Visayans.
EARLY SHELTER
REPORTER: JHON JOSEPH R. RICA
• CAVER
Early Filipino live in caves.
Were safer, but later they moved to planes and coastal areas.

• NIPA HUTS
Made of nipa palm leaves, wood and bamboo.
Square shape and about 1m above the ground.
Distinguishing feature and one room only.
Use as dining room, bedroom, and receiving room.
The main post of the house is called ARIGUE.
The BATALAN is the place at the back for water jars and cooking.
• TREE HOUSES
To keep safe from enemies and wild animals, ladders were hoisted in night

• HOUSES ON STILTS
Houses along the coastal areas, there is pathway leading to the house.
MEANS OF
LIVELIHOOD
REPORTER: JHON JOSEPH R. RICA
• AGRICULTURE
2 types Of Method
Kaingin Method
Praper the area for farming by cutting and burning and dead.
before cutting or burning they perform rituals, then after burning the soil was cleaned

Wet method
Rice was planted in areas where dikes were built to collect water.
• HUNTING
The men used bow and arrows to hunt for deer.
They were also accompanied by dogs to chase the deer.

• BOAT MAKING
2 Types Of Boat
BIREY- boat made for 50 to 100 people.
BIROCO- boat made for more than 100.
— they made boats out of wood.
• TRADING
Filipinos traded with other filipinos.
Standard of exchange was gold
BARANGAY
GOVERNMENT
REPORTER: JHON JOSEPH R. RICA
• BARANGAY
From the word balanghay, biniray, balangay.
BALANGHAY, BINIRAY, BALANGAY – is water vehicle.
Refers to an ethnic group who migrated and rode together.
They would ride together in boat
• DATU
Judge
Head/extensive powers/implemented and made the laws.
Judge between conflicts.
The community serve the DATU in times of war/Farming and fishing.
Recommends a law
• COUNCIL
Jury
Council (elders)
Reviews and agrees.

• UMALAHOKAN
Announces to the barangay.
TRIAL OF DATU

• OATH
“May the crocodile devour me if I lie. May lightning strike me if I give a wrong statement. May I die where
I am standing if I am not telling the truth.”
TWO TYPES OF TRIAL
Trial by ordeal
*Boiling water and stone
*Lighted candle
*Swimming underwater
Trial by war
Fight it out until one give up.
CHOOSING A
LEADER
REPORTER: JHON JOSEPH R. RICA
• AGE
The oldest of the groups was the leader

• EXTEND OF KNOWLEDGE
Had enough knowledge of the customs and traditions of the tribe.
THE FOUR KINDS OF
GROUPS
REPORTER: JHON JOSEPH R. RICA
• DATU’S OR LEADERS
Tagalog call their DATU,LAKAN OR GAT
Show the highest respect.
Made important decisions

• MAHARLIKA OR THE FREE NOBLE

Not pay taxes.
Traveled with DATU.
Supervised the rowers of the boat.
• TIMAWA OR THE ORDINARY PEOPLE (THE MASA)
Allowed to live in other barangays.
Rowers of the boat.
Protected by DATU.

• ALIPIN (SLAVES)
Caused by
TWO TYPES OF ALIPIN

• ALIPING NAMAMAHAY
That head their own houses, which was usually built on the property of their masters.

• ALIPING SAGIGILID
Refers to unmarried alipin without a house and whose existence was completely dependent on
the graces of their masters.
OTHER IMPORTANT
GROUPS
REPORTER: JHON JOSEPH R. RICA
• BABAYLAN,BAYLANA OR KATALONA
Female priest can communicate with God’s.
Heads all rituals.

• TAMBALAN
Healers or doctors

• ATUBANG NG DATU
Adviser of the DATU.
• DARANGAN
Outstanding soldier.
Wear pinayusan a decorate scarf made of abaca.
Longer potong- cover the head.

• PARATAGBAW
Barangay teachers.
CUSTOMS AND
BELIEFS IN EARLY
FILIPINO
REPORTER: JHON JOSEPH R. RICA
BELIEF IN THE AFTERLIFE

• T’BOLI
– soul/ spirit left the body during sleep(astral projection)
– person awakened only after the spirit returns.
– died when the soul fails return to the body.

• BAGOBO
– each had to soul, good and bad souls.
BURIAL PRACTICES

• MANOBOS-
– bury dead in trees
4 Method
a. Tying the dead to a branch
b. Placing the dead with two branches.
c. Place on platform made on the branches.
d. Buried inside the tree trunk.
SULOD
bury inside the tree trunk, remove the bones and placed inside the jar.
• IFUGAOS
Corpse was seated in a chair for several days, brought to cave, after a year buried elsewhere.

• SAGADA
Hang the dead by the side of the mountain.
PRACTISES/BELIEFS
BROUGHT ABOUT BY
THE FAMILY TIES
REPORTER: JHON JOSEPH R. RICA
• BALATA
Wife does not eat until husband returns from the battle.

• GINGGIL
A practice of non-marrying
DIVINATION AND MAGIC CHARMS

• Ancient filipinos are quite superstitious and magic charms.

• They interpreted signs in nature like:

Flight of birds.
Barking of dogs.
Singing of lizards.
– as good or bad omens depending on the circumstances.
– they also consulted with the Pangatauhan (sooth sayers) to tell their fortunes.
BELIEF IN:

• Aswang
• Mangkukulam
• Manggagaway
• Tiyanak, tikbalang, etc