Haematology

MLS 522
BLOOD GROUP SEROLOGY

Dr I.C Uzoma
Lecture 1
Course outline
• Antibodies- IgM, IgG, IgA , IgD, Ig|E

• Auto-Immunisation – Autoantibodies

• Iso antibodies
My teaching objectives
• To understand what antibodies are and their relevance in
immunohaematology
• To know the different types and their basic structures and
components.
• To understand in-depth alloantibodies, isoantibodies and
autoimmunisation.
The focus is on the agglutinins

• Antibodies are immunoglobulins.

• They are released by B-cells that has developed into plasma cells.

• The major function of B-cells is the secretion of antibodies.

• They form part of the humoral adaptive immunity.

• These B-cells are produced in one of the primary lymphoid organ

called the bone marrow (refer to haematopoiesis).
B- CELL DEVELOPMEN
Types of Immunoglobulin--recap
IMPORTANCE …
• Compatibility testing is performed to determine antibody-
antigen reactions.
-for blood donation
-for tissue transplant

• The antibodies are key in immunohaematology

Autoantibodies
• The RBCs from the donor are tested at room temperature and at body temperature
to determine if the recipient (patient) has any antibodies against the cells of the
donor.

• Transfusion of a unit of blood that is incompatible with the donor’s immune system
makeup can lead to death.

• As a rare complication, the recipient may have antibodies toward his or her own
antigens. The antibodies may either be warm (positive when incubated) or cold
(react at room temperature). These autoantibodies do not occur normally and may
be an indication of the presence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia