A Seminar Report on

“FRAGRANT TEXTILES”

Submitted in Partial Fulfilment for the Award of Degree of Master of Technology

In

Department of Perfumery and Flavour Technology

Submitted by

Tejaswini Kharat

(22PER218)

First Year MTech (Perfumery and Flavour Technology)

Under the guidance of

Prof. Nagaiyan Sekar 1
 Introduction

The term “Fragrant Textile" refers to woven materials that have been
perfumed, scented, ambrosial, aromal, or have a pleasant aroma.

The finishing of textiles with fragrance is another name for fragrant
textiles. It is the method by which the product's value is elevated,
enhanced, and raised by adding a few inducements or prods to it.

The process of transferring a fragrance, perfume, or aroma into a
fabric substrate is known as fragrance finishing.

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 Examples of vintage Scented
Textiles
 It appears that all historical cultures made scented textiles.
 In addition to their ordinary personal use, perfumes have
been used for medicinal, religious, and magical purposes
before they were commonly used for such purposes.
 A few things to look for include gloves, underwear,
linens, wigs, ink, book bindings, furniture, paper, shoe
polish, and firewood. Cleopatra's golden ship had
purple and perfumed flags on it.

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 Relevance and Motivation
 The textile industry's competitiveness is dependent on its ability to understand and
respond to customer needs while adapting to technological evolution. and human
resource mobility.

 A "new" technology called Microencapsulation will be used in a traditional

industrial sector like the textile industry to help manufacturers create products that
meet the demands of fashion, lessening competition from imports from nations
with lower labour costs and little social concern.
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 Microencapsulation of fragrances in Textiles

 Microencapsulation is the technique where small solid particles, liquid droplets, or

minute bubbles of gas are coated, and when certain amount of pressure is exerted or the
surface is scratched, it releases the compounds inside the capsules.
 Fragrance microencapsulation is applying a strong shell around a fragrance and
infusing it into everyday products.
 For example Laundry detergent products infused with microencapsulated fragrance
provide long-lasting freshness in clothing.
 Currently microencapsulation is used in textiles for anti-bacterial treatments, UV
protection, for moisturizing and skin treatments, body temperature regulation,
repellence, and for perfume or fragrance releases. The application of the technique for
fragrance releases however is of high demand.
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Microencapsulation of Fragrances in Textiles

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Techniques used for micro-encapsulation of fragrance
textiles

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1. In Situ Polymerisation

This chemical
microencapsulation method
only affects the capsule's outer
membrane and does not
involve the addition of any
reagents to the material's core.
It results in the formation of
the shell as a result of a
polymerization process.
8
 2.Coacervation
Coacervation is another
frequently used
physiochemical process of
micro encapsulation. The
concept is based on the ability
of cationic and anionic water
soluble polymers, which
interact to form a liquid
polymer rich phase called
coacervate complex. 9
 3. Spray Drying
 The spray‐drying encapsulation process is simple
and similar to a one stage drying process.
 Firstly, an emulsion is prepared by dispersing the
core material, usually an oil or active ingredient
immiscible in water into a concentrated solution of
wall material until the desired size of oil droplets
are attained.
 The resultant emulsion is atomized into a spray of
droplets by pumping the slurry through a rotating
disc into the heated compartment of a spray drier.
 Then the water portion of the emulsion evaporates,
yielding dried capsules of variable shape containing
scattered drops of core material. 10
 Mode of Action
As we all know that Microencapsulation is nothing but the entrapment of
core material that is fragranced into the carrier material (that is outer
layer or material) made up of polymer material which all together is
referred to as Capsule.
Microencapsulation works on Friction Phenomenon. Capsules deposited
on the fabrics and whenever it comes in contact with the skin , friction
happens and the fragrance comes out through the capsule, boost the
fragrance for longer time.
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 Mode Of Action
 For example Comfort(Encapsulation formulation) is a fabric softner .
 Every individual desire fragrance rather than detergent powder. so they add it for more
fragrance performance & long lasting.
 When we add the comfort in the last cycle, there is particular condition while adding comfort,
They have mentioned on packet like in 5 to 10 minutes you need to add it and rinse off the
clothes. so whatever capsules which is already incorporated in that which gets deposited on
fabric & after washing & line drying i.e. after the clothes are completely dried & after that
whenever the consumer wear that cloth & it comes in contact with the skin & due to that, the
deposited capsules from the comfort get breaks because of friction from the skin & ultimately
the boost of fragrance comes out from capsule & consumer feels so good and pleasant as per
fragrance experience is concerned. 12
 Reasons to Use Microencapsulation Technology

 Better storage life and protection for the enclosed material.

 The transformation of a liquid element into a dry solid system.

 Make sure to separate any components that are unsuitable.

 Dust suppression, pH regulation, and odour control.

 Regulated diffusion of active ingredients through the shell, such as in the case of
delayed drug release.

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 Applications
Cosmetic fabrics

Textiles with aromatherapy

House textiles

Sporty attire

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 Conclusion
Better beneficial effects are produced when a fragrance finish, or the application of pleasant scents to textile
materials, is used. The aromas from the essential oils can be pleasing, and they also have pharmacological
actions that can improve mood as well as possess antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral qualities.
Microencapsulated fabrics should receive more attention in the future. Microencapsulated fabrics should
receive more attention in the future.
The world is changing so quickly, and people of all ages demand improved scent delivery systems. In the future,
modernism will be more fragrant-related, with more encapsulations in fabric.
The fragrant inners and bedsheets are already on the market. so that additional suggestions such as clothing,
underwear (which should not create skin allergies), and socks.
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 References
• Wang, C. X., and Sh L. Chen. "Aromachology and its application in the textile field." Fibres Text. East. Eur 13.6
(2005): 41-44.
• Martel, B., et al. "Capture and controlled release of fragrances by CD finished textiles." Journal of inclusion
phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 44.1 (2002): 439-442.
• as an Object, Odour. "Odour Measurements in Textile Industry." FIBRES & TEXTILES in Eastern Europe 11.1
(2003): 40.
• Kumar, D. Vasanth, et al. "Aesthetic finishes for home textile materials." vol 1 (2012): 5-9.
• Khedkar, Shweta Shrinivas, and Aranya Soumyanath Chhabi Mallick. "Aroma textiles." Advances in Functional
and Protective Textiles. Woodhead Publishing, 2020. 169- 190. • Johansen, Katia. "Perfumed textiles." (2008).
• Teixeira, Carla Sofia Nogueira Rodrigues. Microencapsulation of perfumes for application in textile industry.
Diss. Universidade do Porto (Portugal), 2010.
• Kumari, Poonam. "Microencapsulation in Textiles: An Overview." Innovative Nanocomposites for the
Remediation and Decontamination of Wastewater (2022): 185-193 .

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 References
• Dedhia, Anju Tulshyanand Dr Ela. "An overview of microencapsulation technology in the application of
aroma and antibacterial finishes." (2021).
• Ghayempour, Soraya, and Sayed Majid Mortazavi. "Microwave curing for applying polymeric
nanocapsules containing essential oils on cotton fabric to produce antimicrobial and fragrant textiles."
Cellulose 22.6 (2015): 4065-4075.
• Monllor Pérez, Pablo. "Caracterización de microencapsulados aplicados sobre materiales textiles."
(2008).
• Rodrigues, S. N., et al. "Scentfashion®: Microencapsulated perfumes for textile application." Chemical
Engineering Journal 149.1-3 (2009): 463-472.
• Nelson, Gordon. "Application of microencapsulation in textiles." International journal of
pharmaceutics 242.1-2 (2002): 55-62.
• Teixeira, Carla Sofia Nogueira Rodrigues, et al. "Characterization and evaluation of commercial
fragrance microcapsules for textile application." Journal of the textile institute 103.3 (2012): 269-282.
17
 A Report on

Critical Review of

“Capture and Controlled Release of Fragrances by CD Finished Textiles”

B. Martel, M. Morcellet, D. Ruffin, F. Vinet and M. Weltrowski

Submitted in Partial Fulfilment for the Award of Degree of Master of Technology In Department of Perfumery and Flavours Technology

(2022-2024)

Submitted by

TEJASWINI KHARAT

(22PER218)

First Year M Tech (Perfumery And Flavours Technology)

Under the guidance of

Prof. Nagaiyan Sekar

18
1.DETAILS AND IMPORTANT FEATURE OF ARTICLE

SR NO HEADING DESCRIPTION
1 Title Capture and Controlled Release of
Fragrances by CD Finished Textiles

2 Author B. Martel, M. Morcellet, D. Ruffin,

F.Vinet and M. Weltrowski
3 Journal Journal of Inclusion Phenomenon and
Macrocyclic Chemistry
4 Publisher 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers
5 Page Number 439-442
6 Cited 114
7 Published on December 2002
8 DOI doi.org/10.1023/A:1023028105012
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 Abstract
Cotton, wool and polyester fabrics finished with cyclodextrins (by the intermediate of
polycarboxylic acids) were impregnated with six different fragrant molecules (β-
citronellol, camphor, menthol, cis-jasmone, benzyl acetate, geraniol) and citronella oil. The
smell intensity of the samples has been investigated during almost one year. In most cases,
the odour retention of untreated textiles towards the substrates did not persist over one or
two weeks. By contrast, most of the treated samples kept smelling one year after the
beginning of the experiment. We observed that the use of polyacrylic acid as crosslinking
agent was less effective than citric and butanetetracarboxylic acids. The efficiency of the
different CDs varied in the order γ -CD > β-CD > α-CD, and the durability of the fragrant
effect was directly dependent on the amount of CD grafted onto the fabrics.

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 Critical Review/Analysis
TITLE:
The title of the paper “Capture
and Controlled Release of
Fragrances by CD Finished
Textiles” seems to be appropriate
and clearly defines the work
undertaken by the Author.
ABSTRACT:
1.The abstract is informative and precise.
2. The abstract summarizes the conclusions of the
research study.
3. The abstract summarizes the objective of the study.
4. The abstract length does not fulfill the requirement
for publication that is, it is less than 150 words.
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 Introduction
Adequate information Regarding:
1. Functions of CD is clearly mentioned.
2. The application of CD in Textile domain is well described
3. The incorporation of CDs onto textile is described well.
4. The advantage of the approach is clearly mentioned.
5. Also determined the influence of the grafting rate of the fabrics that were finished with variable amounts of CDs
 Experimental Section
1. Instrument required for the experimental process is mentioned in this section.
2. There is not the Schematic presentation (structure) of main three CDs.
3. Other information provided is informative

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 Technical Correctness:
After going through this paper the following points have been observed:
1. The reference is not in Alphabetical order
2. Conclusion is separately given so it is easy to understand

3. There are no spelling mistakes observed in this paper.

 Length of Paper:
1. The paper is not lengthy with materials and method data attach differently.
2. Contents of the paper are to the point and precise and no unnecessary information is present in
paper.
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 Mistakes and Suggestions

Mistakes: After going through this paper some of mistakes have been observed.
1. The graphical representation is not proper. In all graphs The term which have mentioned on x-axis and y-axis
are in small letters such as on y-axis, the term is ‘smell intensity’ so the ‘s’ and ‘I’ are in small letter. And on the
x- axis the term is days so the ‘d’ of days is in small letter.

2. The numbers on the x-axis which indicates the days are not given properly. It is difficult to understand.

Suggestions:
1. The ‘S’ and ‘I’ of Smell Intensity should be in capital letter and the ‘D’ Of the term Days should be in capital
letter.

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 Conclusion

 Well written
 Nicely described in easy language
 Proper justification of given work
 Easy to understand
 Result and discussion is well elaborative.

 
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