CARTESIAN OR RECTANGULAR COORDINATES (X, Y, Z):

• A point P can be represented as (x, y, z) as illustrated in

Figure.

• The ranges of the coordinate variables x, y, and z are

-∞ < x < ∞, -∞< y < ∞, -∞ < z < ∞
• A vector A in Cartesian (otherwise known as rectangular)
coordinates can be written as
(Ax, Ay, AzJ or Axax + Ayay + Azaz
where ax, ay, and az are unit vectors along the x-, y-, and z-
directions.