Introduction of Hematology

• What is hematology ??
• It is branch of medicine that is concerned with the study of blood, blood
forming organs and blood diseases.

• What is blood ?
• It is a connective tissue which circulates in closed system of blood vessel.
• It is branch of medicine that is concerned
with the study of blood, blood forming
organs and blood diseases.
• Contituents –
• Function of blood –
1. Respiration – oxygen transport – RBC - Hb
2. Excretion
3. Nutrition
4. Regulation of water balance
5. Regulation of body tempreture
6. Coagulation of blood
7. Immunity
8. Transport of metabolite
9. Acid base balance
Hematopoiesis

• Definition - Physiologic process of formation of blood is known as

hematopoiesis.

• Greek – haima = blood , poiesis = to make

• 3rd week embryonic life – yolk sac
• 3rd month fetal life – liver , also in spleen & lymph node.
• 4th month of fetal life – bone marrow
• Active sites are – pelvis, skull, rbs, sternum, proximal ends of long
bone.
 Hematopoietic stem cell

Common myeloid Common lymphoid

progenitor progenitor
Megakaryocyte Granulocyte
/ erythroid Precursor Precursor B
macrophage
progenitor progenitor T/NK cell

 Platelet  Neutrophil  T cell  B cell --- plasma

 RBC  Monocyte  NK cell cell
 Eosinophil
 basophil
Eythropoiesis
• - Generation of erythrocyte/RBCs

6
Stages :-
1.Proerythroblast
2.Basophilic erythroblast
3.Polychromatic erythroblast
4.Orthochromatic erythroblast
5.Polychromatic cell/ reticulocyte
6.Red cell
Megakaryopoiesis
 Hemoglobin
• Heme + globin
• Heme = iron + protoporphyrin
• Globin = two polypeptide chain
QUIZ
1. What is myelopoiesis ?
a. Formation of red blood cell
b. Formation of bone
c. Formation of neutrophils
d. none