Presentation - Jar

Fishing Technology
DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

© 2001 Weatherford International, Inc. All rights reserved.
Agenda
• Jarring Operation
• Fishing in Laterals
• Job Planning
• Fishing for Junk
• Procedures to Part Pipe
• Fishing for Parted Pipe

Definition of Jarring
Jarring is the process of transferring stored
energy (drill pipe stretch) in the drillstring
to kinetic energy by releasing the detent in
the Jar at a given overpull value
When the jar trips the energy is released
providing sudden impact

Definition of Detent
A device (as a catch, dog, or spring-operated
ball) for positioning and holding one
mechanical part in relation to another so that
the device can be released by force applied to
one of the parts

Up Stroke Fishing Jars
• The two basic types of jars are mechanical
and hydraulic
• These terms refer to the method of tripping
the jar
• Hydraulic jars work by using a hydraulic
fluid cushion to delay the tripping of the jar
until the desired pull/stretch in the string is
achieved

Hydraulic Jarring Operations
• The time delay is provided by hydraulic
fluid being forced through small jets
slowing movement of the mandrel
• When the inner mandrel enters the large
bore area, the oil is rapidly dumped
allowing the jar to fire

Hydraulic Fishing Jar
Operating Principles
Movie Clip
Mandrel
Restricted Movement
Mandrel
Free
Movement
Hydraulic Fluid
Hydraulic Bypass
Fluid
Restricted
Flowpath

Up Stroke Fishing Jar
• Hydraulic jar firing delay is dependent on a
combination of load and time
• Mechanical jars have a preset load that
causes the jar to trip only when that
push/pull load is achieved
• They are sensitive to load only and not time

Mechanical Drilling Jars
Operating Principles
• Mandrel, jay stem, and spring stem one

piece
• Spring loaded jay slots and rollers

Mechanical Drilling Jars
Applications
• Vertical wells
• Directional wells with less than 30º hole
angle
• Upper tool when using tandem jars

Dailey® L.I. Mechanical Drilling Jar
. . . the original Dailey Jar.

Lower Packing Body
Polished Stem Jay Rollers
Upper Connector Torque Spring
Upper Packing Body Barrel Jay Stem Spring Stem Washpipe
Lower Connector
. . . For over 50 years the icon for drilling jars.
Made with a heavy wall mandrel for maximum torque and minimum backlash.
Internal components are designed to withstand abrasion and corrosion in virtually any
downhole environment.

Specifications
Outside Diameter (in.) 4 3/4 6 1/4 6 7/8 7 3/4
Inside Diameter (in.) 2 2 1/4 2 1/2 2 3/4
NC-38 NC-46
Tool Joint Size (API) 4 1/2 XH 5 1/2 Reg. 6 5/8 Reg
3 1/2 IF 4 1/2 IF
Tensile Yield* ( x 1000 lbs.) 440 740 962 1,148
Torsional Yield* ( x 1000 ft. lbs.) 15 27.2 46 66.3
Up Stroke (lbs.) Factory 69,700 94,300 98,400 102,500

Down Stroke (lbs.) Settings 32,900 37,600 42,300 42,300
Max. Overpull Up/Down (lbs.) 75,000 118,000 120,000 125,000
Approx. Length Extended 30' - 6" 34' - 0" 34' - 6" 35' - 6"
(ft. - in.)
Approx. Weight (lbs.) 1,340 2,500 3,150 4,000
Free Travel Upstroke (in.) 8 5/8 7 1/8 7 7/8 7 3/4
Free Travel Downstroke (in.) 8 8 8 8 1/4
Max. BHT (°F) 325 325 325 325
Pump Open Area (sq. in.) 7.7 11.0 14.2 17.7
Tensile and Torsional Yield values are calculated per API RP7G and based on nominal dimensions and
U.S. Patent No. 4,498,548
published yield strength of material and do not constitute a guarantee, actual or implied.

Jar Placement - vertical hole or less than 30 o
Additional hevi-weight drill pipe -

A computer jar placement
program is required to determine
optimum number
Drilling Jars in tension
Hevi-weight below jars-

approximately 20,000 Lbs.
Sufficient drill collar weight

for drilling operations

Calculating Trip Load
Given: 6-1/4 “ O.D. Dailey® L.I. Mechanical Jar
Jars currently in tension
Not circulating
Find: Expected reading on the rig weight indicator when jars are
tripped to impart a downward blow?
Last recorded slack-off weight 230,000 lbs

MINUS BHA weight below jar - 20,000 lbs
MINUS down jar trip load - 40,000 lbs
MINUS pump open force - 0 lbs
Rig Weight Indicator to Trip Jar = 170,000 lbs

Specifications - Pump Open Force

60000
55000
7 3/4” OD
50000
Pump Open Force 45000
6 7/8” OD
PUMP OPEN FORCES (lbs.)

40000
35000
6 1/4” OD
30000
Pump Open Force = 25000
4 3/4” OD
Area(in ) x Diff. Pressure* (psi)
2 20000
15000
10000
5000
0
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800
* Differential pressure at Jar can be
approximated by using calculated bit DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE (psi)
pressure drop.

Given: 6-1/4 “ O.D. Dailey® L.I. Mechanical Jar
1800 psi pressure
tripped to impart an upward blow?

PLUS up jar trip load setting + 80,000 lbs
MINUS pump open force - 20,000 lbs

o
BHA in Directional Hole < 30
Drill Collars in Vertical

Section
Hevi-weight in curve
Hydraulic or Mechanical Drilling Jars?

Drill Pipe above Mud Motor and
Bit in Horizontal Section

Given: 6-1/2 “ O.D. Dailey® Hydraulic Fishing Jar
Jars currently in compression
Not pumping

MINUS desired trip load setting - 50,000 lbs
MINUS pump open force - 0 lbs

®
Dailey Hydraulic Fishing
80000
75000 7 3/4” O.D.
70000
65000

60000
55000
50000 6 1/2” O.D.
45000
Pump pressure effects 6 1/4” O.D.
40000
cocking and down 35000
jarring.
30000
4 3/4” O.D.
Reduce pump to idle 25000
before attempting to 20000 4 1/4” O.D.
cock or jar down. 15000 3 3/4” O.D.
10000 3 1/8” O.D.
5000 2 1/4” O.D.
1 13/16” O.D.
0
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE (psi)

Given: 6-1/2 “ O.D. Dailey® Hydraulic Fishing Jar
1800 psi pump pressure

PLUS desired trip load setting + 80,000 lbs
MINUS pump open force - 35,000 lbs

o
BHA in Directional Hole > 30
Drill Collars in Vertical Section
Mechanical Jar
Hevi-weight in curve
Hydraulic Jar
Drill Pipe above Mud Motor and
Bit in Horizontal Section
Successful Use of Jars
• Applying the most appropriate jarring action
quickly is key to freeing stuck pipe
• The calculations are uncomplicated, but in
the heat of the problem, small calculations
can appear complex
• Determine before hand the push/pull
required to fire the jars in either direction
• Jarring should start in the opposite direction
to that which got the string stuck

Reasons for Jar Failures
• Incorrect weight applied to fire the jar
• Pump open force exceeds compression
force at the jar
• Stuck above the jar
• Jar not cocked
• Drag to high to allow sufficient force to be
applied
• Well path is such that compression cannot
be applied
• Right hand torque is trapped in torque
setable jars
• Not waiting long enough for jar to fire
Rules of Thumb for Drilling Jars
• Avoid placing the jars below stabilizers, reamers,
key seat wipers or other tools with a larger O.D.
• Leave 3 to 5 feet of kelly above bushings to
provide slack off length to cock the jar
• Maintain jar fully in tension or compression
• Avoid using jars as cross over point: DC to jar to
HWDP
• Run slowly through tight spots to avoid
triggering
• Anytime the DNT or Hydraulic jar is above the
rotary table, install mandrel clamp

Advantages of Mech. Drlg. Jar
• Time and Field Proven
• Factory Preset Tripping Load
• L.I. Fully Adjustable Down Hole
• D.N.T. Not Adjustable Down Hole
• Straight Push/Pull
• Trips Both Up and Down
• Fast Re-cocking
• No Waiting Period

Standard Fishing String
Accelerators
Drill Collars
Fishing Jars
Bumper Sub
Attachment Tool

Fishing Bumper Jar Uses
• Release spear or overshot
• Jar down on fish
• Move work string approximately 20”
• Help get over fish
• Predetermined weight on Internal cutter
• Swage tool

Lubricated Bumper Sub
• Use a lubricated bumper sub instead of a
mechanical bumper sub if pumping is
anticipated
• More sealing elements, not as likely to
wash out
• In hot holes, special high temperature seals
may be ordered from the manufacturer

Operating Procedures
• Pick up to open stroke stretch string

• Drop string and catch abruptly
• Stop 6” from closing jar
• Spring downward; deliver a sharp blow
• Requires practice & finesse

80000
75000 7 3/4” O.D.
70000

65000
60000
55000
50000 6 1/2” O.D.
45000
6 1/4” O.D.
40000
35000
30000
Pump pressure effects 4 3/4” O.D.
25000
cocking and down 4 1/4” O.D.
20000
jarring
15000 3 3/4” O.D.
Reduce pump to idle 10000 3 1/8” O.D.

before attempting to 5000 2 1/4” O.D.
cock or jar down 0
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE (psi)

Hydraulic Oil Jars
Applications
• Used in vertical, directional and extended

reach wells with elevated torque and drag
• Used as lower tool when running tandem
jars
• In any case with limited overpull capacity

Advantages
• Hydraulic time delay with mechanical

triggering
• Straight push/pull
• Variable tripping loads
• Consistent time delay
• No bleed-off
• Protected seals and impact shoulders
• Increased overpull limit
Outs i de D i a . (i n.) 1 1 3 /1 6 2 1 /4 3 1 /8 3 1 /8 3 3 /4 3 3 /4 4 1 /4 4 3 /4 6 1 /4 6 1 /2 7 3 /4
Insi d e D i a. (i n.) 1 /2 11 /1 6 1 1 /4 1 1 /2 1 3 /4 1 1 5/1 6 2 1 /8 2 1 /4 2 1 /4 2 3/4 3
1 1 3 /1 6 1 1 /4 2 3 /8 2 7 /8 2 3 /8 6 5 /8
To ol J o i nt (A P I)
WFJ Re g Re g PA C 2 3 / 8 IF E UE 2 7 / 8 IF 3 1 / 2 IF 4 1 /2 IF 4 1 / 2 IF Re g
Te ns i le Yi e ld * 75 11 0 250 200 275 225 325 500 1 ,0 0 0 1 ,0 0 0 1 ,6 0 0
(x 1 000 lb s .)
To rsi o nal Yi e ld * 1 .6 2 .5 5 .0 5 .0 7 .8 3 .7 5 15 20 4 9.3 5 6 .2 100

(x 1 000 ft. lb s .)
Ma x. Ove rp ul l 20 30 45 35 45 45 55 85 200 175 260

(x 1 000 lb s .)
L e ng th 7 '-0" 7 ' -1 0 " 9 ' -0 " 8 ' -8 " 9 '-0" 9 '-0" 9 ' -0 " 9 ' -11 " 1 2 ' -2 " 1 2'-9" 1 3 ' -1 0 "
C los e d (ft.-i n.)
We i g ht (lbs .) 50 80 180 180 222 230 290 400 800 1000 2,0 0 0
F ree Tra ve l (i n.) 4 4 4 1 /4 4 4 1 /4 4 1 /4 4 1 /2 5 5 6 .5 7 1 /2
To ta l Stro k e (i n.) 5 1 /2 6 6 1 /8 6 6 1 /8 6 1 /8 6 1 /4 7 8 1 /4 8 1/2 9 3 /4
Ma x. B HT ( °F ) 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400
P ump Op en A re a 1.1 1 .8 4 .0 4 .0 5 .9 5 .9 7 .7 1 0 .3 1 5 .9 1 9 .6 2 8 .3
(s q. i n.)
Spline Pressure Balance

Anvil Pressure Bottom
Mandrel Hammer Piston Piston
Housing Connector
Spline Connector Tripping Wash

Ledge Mandrel
Housing Housing Valve

®
Hypulse Jar Slinger
Also referred to as: Accelerators, Boosters, and Intensifiers
Applications
• Allows optimum jar placement

• Accelerates the BHA mass
• Protects the drill string and surface
equipment
• Compensates for drag in high angle holes
• Compensates for insufficient stretch in
shallow holes
®
Hypulse Jar Slinger
for use with Fishing Jars
Outside Diameter (in.) 1 13/16 2 1/4 3 1/8 3 1/8 3 3/4 3 3/4 4 1/4 4 3/4 6 1/4 6 1/2 7 3/4
Inside Diameter (in.) 1/2 11/16 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/4 1 15/16 2 1/8 2 1/4 2 1/4 2 3/4 3
Tool Joint (API)

1 13/16 1 1/4 Reg 2 3/8 Reg 2 7/8 PAC 2 3/8 IF 2 3/8 EUE 2 7/8 IF 3 1/2 IF 4 1/2 IF 4 1/2 IF 6 5/8 Reg
WFJ
Tensile Yield* 75 110 250 200 275 225 325 500 832 1,000 1,600
( x 1000 lbs.)
Torsional Yield * 1.6 2.5 5.0 5.0 7.8 3.75 15 20 49.3 56.2 100
(x 1000 ft. lbs.)
Max. Overpull 20 30 45 35 45 45 55 85 200 175 260

(x 1000 lbs.)
Length 7' - 0" 8' - 9" 9' - 10" 9' - 8" 9' - 10" 9' - 10" 9' - 10" 9' - 10" 13' - 6" 15' - 0" 15' - 7"
Closed (ft. - in.)
Weight (lbs.) 50 100 198 175 242 224 316 440 1,000 1,200 2,000
Total Travel (in.) 5 1/2 6 6 1/8 6 6 1/8 6 1/8 6 1/4 7 8 1/4 8 1/2 9 3/4
Max. BHT ( °F ) 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400
Pump Open Area 0.4 0.8 2.4 2.8 4.4 4.4 5.4 6.5 7.7 11.0 14.2
(sq. in.)
Spline Fluid Pressure Pressure Balance

Mandrel Up Anvil Hammer Housing Housing Piston Piston
Spline Connector Flow Wash Bottom

Housing Housing Mandrel Mandrel Connection

Fishing in Lateral Wells
Generally, you can use the same attachment
tools:overshots, spears, screw in sub etc.
Success is determined by:

• Where to back-off
• Jar placement
• String design
Jarring in Lateral Wells
• Most fishing in lateral wells will be in the
jarring mode
• Before a jarring operation is started, a free
point and back off must first be made
• After locating the free point, study the well
plot checking for the true dog legs, then
decide the depth to back off that offers the
best chance of connecting to the fish

Freepoint in Lateral Wells
• Rely on torque readings rather than stretch
• To take a torque reading, set the weight at
slightly less than the neutral weight
• This tends to reduce hole drag around the
curve while rotating to get a torque reading

Avoid pulling
Pipe sticking here pipe into the
while free pointing
with stretch, appears wall / free point
jars not working with torque
below
Fishing
Jars
Bumper
Sub
Stuck Point

Experience Counts
• Carefully work the torque down, one round at

a time, using a long snub line, with a torque
gauge
• Fire the shot on the run to prevent line
creeping
• The process of getting a successful free
point and back off could take several hours,
so be patient

Do Not Be Discouraged
• When a string shot is fired, no effect may be

felt at the surface
• Pull the WL out, to see if the shot fired
• Work pipe with torque until you get it backed
off or determine it won’t
• You may have to fire another shot using a
higher grains per foot shot

Top Fish Inside Casing
Pull load (lb) = 100,000 Weight Jts. = 2 HWDP
% of peak 8 Jts. Hevi-weight below jars
impact Pull Load
Impact Impulse
5 100,000 398,100 2,863
10 100,000 398,100 2,863
20 100,000 352,417 3,408
By leaving the top of fish inside the casing, the

possibility of connecting to it is retained, while the
impact is good using 8 joints of HW below the jars.
Impact and Impulse/ No Acc. Jar
Pull load (lb) = Varies Weight Jts. = 2 HWDP
Pull Load Impact Impulse
20,000 41,154 309
30,000 63,408 479
40,000 85,662 648
50,000 107,915 818
60,000 130,169 988
70,000 152,422 1,158
80,000 174,300 1,325
90,000 196,086 1,493
100,000
© 2001 Weatherford International, Inc. All rights reserved. 217,778 1,661
Jarring Operations
• How long to jar? 4-5 hours w/no progress
• Got stuck coming up? Jar down
• Got stuck going down? Jar up
• Differentially stuck? Little effect


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Fishing Technology

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

• Mandrel, jay stem, and spring stem one

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

. . . the original Dailey Jar.

Upper Packing Body Barrel Jay Stem Spring Stem Washpipe

. . . For over 50 years the icon for drilling jars.

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

Inside Diameter (in.) 2 2 1/4 2 1/2 2 3/4

Tensile Yield* ( x 1000 lbs.) 440 740 962 1,148

Torsional Yield* ( x 1000 ft. lbs.) 15 27.2 46 66.3

Up Stroke (lbs.) Factory 69,700 94,300 98,400 102,500

Max. Overpull Up/Down (lbs.) 75,000 118,000 120,000 125,000

Approx. Weight (lbs.) 1,340 2,500 3,150 4,000

Free Travel Upstroke (in.) 8 5/8 7 1/8 7 7/8 7 3/4

Free Travel Downstroke (in.) 8 8 8 8 1/4

Max. BHT (°F) 325 325 325 325

Pump Open Area (sq. in.) 7.7 11.0 14.2 17.7

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

Additional hevi-weight drill pipe -

Drilling Jars in tension

Hevi-weight below jars-

Sufficient drill collar weight

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

Last recorded slack-off weight 230,000 lbs

Rig Weight Indicator to Trip Jar = 170,000 lbs

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

Specifications - Pump Open Force

PUMP OPEN FORCES (lbs.)

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

Last recorded slack-off weight 330,000 lbs

Rig Weight Indicator to Trip Jar = 370,000 lbs

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

Drill Collars in Vertical

Hydraulic or Mechanical Drilling Jars?

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

Last recorded slack-off weight 330,000 lbs

Rig Weight Indicator to Trip Jar = 270,000 lbs

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

PUMP OPEN FORCES (lbs.)

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

Last recorded slack-off weight 330,000 lbs

Rig Weight Indicator to Trip Jar = 365,000 lbs

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

Drill Collars in Vertical Section

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

• Pick up to open stroke stretch string

DRILLING & INTERVENTION SERVICES

PUMP OPEN FORCES (lbs.)

Reduce pump to idle 10000 3 1/8” O.D.