WRITING

MULTIPLE
CHOICE
QUESTIONS
(MCQs)
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of the session, the participants
should be able to:
1. Reorient the participants on the concepts of
Multiple Choice Question as a type of test,

2. Provide sample Multiple Choice Questions

that utilize Bloom’s Taxonomy of Cognitive
Skills, and

3. Construct sample MCQs per learning area

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 SESSION OUTLINE
1. The Multiple Choice Question
2. Types of Multiple Choice Questions

3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Multiple

Choice Questions
4. Multiple Choice Questions in relation to
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Cognitive Skills
5. Suggestions for Writing MCQs

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LET’S DO AN ACTIVITY!

SCRAMBLERS
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 SCRAMBLERS

TEAIVELRATNS

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 SCRAMBLERS

SENSRPOE

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 SCRAMBLERS

ULLPIETM
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 SCRAMBLERS

IOVCTGINE

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Common observation of students on
test questions
• Hindi kasama sa lessons
• Masyadong mahaba ang question at
mga pagpipilian
• Hindi maayos ang layout ng test,
putol-putol ang mga sentence
• Nakakalito ang mga tanong. Minsan
wala sa pagpipilian ang sagot.

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Possible reasons for faulty test
questions:
• Questions are copied verbatim from
the book or other resources.
• Not consulting the course outline
• Much consideration is given to
reduce printing cost
• No TOS or TOS was made after
making the test

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 The Purposes of Assessment are:
The Purposes of Assessment are:
• to provide information about skills in a content area
• to guide instruction for the individual and for groups
• to provide feedback or information
• to plan further instruction
• to improve instructional practices
• to focus on what the student can do
• to guide decisions about instruction (Formative)
• to indicate attainment of skills (Summative)

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Multiple-Choice Question (MCQ)
• A type of test is also known as fixed choice
or selected response items.

• It is composed of two parts:

a stem that identifies the question or problem, and
a set of alternatives or possible answers that
contain a key that is the best answer to the
question, and a number of distractors that are
plausible but incorrect answers to the question.

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Multiple Choice Question (MCQ)

1 1. What is the capital of the Philippines ?

a. Mindoro
3 b. Cebu
c. Davao
2 *d. Manila 4

1. Stem: presents the problem

2. Keyed Response: correct or best answer
3. Distracters: appear to be reasonable answers to the examinee
who does not know the content
4. Options: include the distracters and the keyed response.

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Types of Multiple Choice Questions

• CORRECT ANSWER
– Requires one correct response only

• BEST ANSWER
– Requires pupils/students to select alternative
closest to being correct

• MULTIPLE ANSWER
– More than one correct or best answer
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 Advantages of MCQs
• Allow more adequate sampling of content.
• Items can be more efficiently and reliably
scored than supply items and other types
of test.
• Different response alternatives can provide
diagnostic feedback (item analysis).
• Items can be constructed to address
various levels of cognitive complexity.
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 Disadvantages of MCQs
• Difficult and time consuming to construct
effective items
• Can lead the instructor to favor simple
recall of facts
• Measuring creating and evaluating can be
challenging.
• Inappropriate for measuring outcomes that
require skilled performance.
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BLOOM’S TAXONOMY OF COGNITIVE SKILLS

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 CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING

• *What do you call a tool for communication

that conveys and expresses thoughts,
emotions, or aspirations?
• A. Language C. Speaking
• B. Art D. Action

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 CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING
• *Joshua currently lives in Surigao City, but he begins a new job
in Butuan City. Every Monday, he drives his new car 123
kilometers from his residence to the office and spends the week
in a company apartment. He drives back home every
Friday. After 4 weeks of this routinary activity, his car’s
odometer shows that he has travelled 1134 kilometers since he
bought the car. Write a linear model which gives the
distance y covered by the car as a function of x number of
weeks since he used the car.
A. y = 246x + 150 C. y = 123x + 510
B. y = 246x + 510 D. y = 123x + 150

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 CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING
* Habang binabasa mo ang inyong nabuong pananaliksik, nakita
mong maraming kailangang pagukulan ng pansin ang burador
nito tulad ng pagbuo ng pangungusap, ang baybay, bantas,
wastong gamit at ilan pang mekaniks ng iyong pananaliksik. Ano
ang mainam na alternatibong gawin upang ito ay maiwasto?
A. Magsagawa ng burador
B. Magsagawa ng pang-edit
C. Magsagawa ng footnote
D. Magsagawa ng proofread

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 MCQs Can…
• Test memory of factual information
• 3 R’s – facts (terms, names, dates, places)
SAMPLE SAMPLE
BLOOM’S LEVEL DEFINITION
VERBS QUESTIONS

What are the three

main parts of
Recall or ____?;
recognize
List,
information, What are the steps
REMEMBERING label,
ideas, and involved in____?
name What is...?
principles as
How is...?
presented. Where is...?
When did ... happen?
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 REMEMBERING
Who wrote the novel War and Peace?

A. Rachmoninov
B. Tolstoy
C. Dostoyevsky
D. Solzhenitsyn
• Who: recalling- remembering
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 REMEMBERING
What form of energy does food
provide the human body?

A.mechanical
B.electrical
C.chemical
D.nuclear
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 REMEMBERING
Why did Little Red Riding Hood
scream at the wolf?

*Retrieving- remembering

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 MCQs Can…
• Getting the meaning of the information by
interpreting what was learned
LEVEL DEFINITION SAMPLE VERBS SAMPLE QUESTIONS

What are the three

Recall or recognize
main parts of
information, ideas,
REMEMBERING List, label, name _____; What are the
and principles as
steps involved
presented.
in____?

How is __
Comprehend Interpret, related to
UNDER- or interpret summarize __?; What
STANDING information describe, themes do
illustrate you see in
__?

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 UNDERSTANDING
Select the best definition of an adjective.

A. XXX C. ZZZ
B. YYY D. XXY

classify- understanding

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 UNDERSTANDING
What does the line , “What is essential is
invisible to the eye”, mean?

A. XXX C. ZZZ
B. YYY D. XXY

interpreting- understanding

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 UNDERSTANDING
What is the main idea of the selection?

A. xxx C. zzz
B. Yyy D. xyy

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 UNDERSTANDING
The lesson is on the pros and cons of capital
punishment. Mr. Alcanices wants to do high
level thinking and to develop a view of capital
punishment from different perspectives. Which
technique will be most appropriate?

A. Role Playing C. Lecture

B. Simulation D. Panel Discussion

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 MCQs for All Levels
The learner makes use of the knowledge in a different way from what
was learned.

LEVEL DEFINITION SAMPLE VERBS SAMPLE QUESTIONS

What are the three

main parts of
Recall or recognize
_____?; What are
REMEMBERING information, ideas, and List, label, name
the steps
principles as presented.
involved in____?

Translate, comprehend, or How is __ related to

Explain, summarize,
UNDERSTANDING interpret information based __?; What themes
describe, illustrate
on prior learning. do you see in __?

Select, transfer,
Use, How would
and use data
compute, you __ on
and principles
APPLYING solve, the basis
to complete a
demon- of __
problem or
strate theory?
task.
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 APPLYING
Naomi asked seven randomly selected people
the following question, "On a scale from 0 to 9,
how strongly do you believe in ghosts?" Their
responses were as follows: 0, 0, 1, 1, 9, 9, 9.
Which measure of central tendency should
Naomi use if she wants to convince her friends
that most people strongly believe in ghosts?

A. Mode C. Median
B. Mean D. Range

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 APPLYING
Piliin ang tamang panahunan ng pandiwa:

__________ si Alfonso sa Palawan kahapon.

A. Pupunta
B. Pumupunta
C. Punta
D. Pumunta

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 APPLYING
Solve for x using Pythagorean Theorem.

x 9

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In this process, learners will have to break down the data that was
provided in order to fully grasp the content (as it is now in more
manageable parts). This usually requires learners to use
comparative and/or deconstruction skills.

LEVEL DEFINITION SAMPLE VERBS SAMPLE QUESTIONS

Distinguish, Categorize How would you

classify, and compare classify __?;
relate the contrast What evidence
assumptions, separate supports __?
ANALYZING hypotheses, organize
evidence, or find
structure of a integrate
statement or
question.

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 ANALYZING
Which statement is relevant to the saying “ Beauty is in
the eyes of the beholder”?

A. XXX C. ZZZ
B. YYY D. XYY

The learner will compare the different statements to find

the best answer.

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 ANALYZING
Based on the selection, what will happen next?

A. XXX C. ZZZ
B. YYY D. XYY

The learner will organize the selection into parts and

assume what will happen next.

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 ANALYZING
Which of the following sentences makes use of the
S-TV-IO-DO sentence pattern?

A. Liberty was declared overall champion in the

contest.

B. Cristina joined the contest with enthusiasm and

excitement.

C. Noida requested Elsa to participate in the singing

contest.

D. Fenelia gave Tess her prize in the contest.

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 ANALYZING
The ball rolled on the grassy surface of the park and
suddenly stops. How does friction affect the motion of
the ball?

A. Friction slows down the rolling of the ball and

prevents the ball to move farther.
B. Friction opposes the direction of the ball to change
its direction.
C. Friction decreases the time of the ball to take farther
distance.
D. Friction affects the ability of the ball to take more
rolling.

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The learner makes decisions based on reflection, criticisms and
assessment.

LEVEL DEFINITION SAMPLE VERBS SAMPLE QUESTIONS

Distinguish, classify, and relate

Categorize,
the assumptions, How would you classify __?;
compare,
ANALYZING hypotheses, evidence, or What evidence supports __?
contrast,
structure of a statement or
separate
question.

Appraise, assess, Judge, Which approach to

based on recommend __ would be
EVALUATING standards and critique, most effective,
criteria. justify and why?

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 EVALUATING
Injuries to belted passengers increase wherever
seat belt laws are passed. Which of the following
serves as a logical counterargument to repealing
these laws?

a) Injuries will fall once people learn to wear belts

correctly.
b) More people are wearing belts when accidents occur.
c) Though injuries increase, fatalities decrease.
d) Both B and C

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 EVALUATING
Read the short paragraph.
(Short paragraph about a person doing an
experiment)
What went wrong on the experiment?
A. XXX C. ZZZ
B. YYY D. XYY

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The learner creates new ideas from what previously learned.

LEVEL DEFINITION SAMPLE VERBS SAMPLE QUESTIONS

Distinguish, classify, and relate
Categorize,
the assumptions, How would you classify __?; What
compare,
ANALYZING hypotheses, evidence, or evidence supports __?
contrast,
structure of a statement or
separate
question.

Appraise, assess, Judge, recommend critique, Which approach to __ would be most

EVALUATING justify
based on standards and effective, and why?
criteria.

Putting elements Generate, What changes would you make

hypothesize, to solve X?
together to form a plan, design, How would you improve X?
functional whole, develop, How would you adapt X to
create a different Y?
create a new produce,
CREATING construct,
Formulate a theory for X.
product or point of
formulate,
view assemble,
design, devise

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 CREATING
How many ways can you implement a zero-
plastic ordinance in your community?

Previous lesson: Keeping the community

clean
What will happen: The learner will make
new ways to use the lesson.

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 CREATING
Construct a solution to solve our problems
on food shortage.

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 CREATING
Make a short poem about your family.

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Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy Action Verbs

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Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy Action Verbs

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 SUGGESTIONS
FOR WRITING
MULTIPLE CHOICE
QUESTIONS
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REMEMBER

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REMEMBER

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REMEMBER

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REMEMBER

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REMEMBER

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REMEMBER

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THANK YOU
VERY MUCH!